BIO205 lab practical – Flashcards
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enterobius vermicularis ova route of transmission: infected people, towels, tubs |
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ascaris lumbricoides ova route of transmission: fecal-oral route |
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Necator americanus ova route of transmission: infected larvae penetrate intact skin of feet when in contact with soil |
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trichinella spiralis larvae route of transmission: consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked pork or bear meat. |
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clonorchis sinensis ova route of transmission: feces->snail->fish->human |
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schistosoma mansoni ova route of transmission: feces->miracidia->snail->cercaria->human skin |
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Taenia species proglottid route of transmission: undercooked beef or pork |
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taenia species ova route of transmission: raw/undercooked pork of beef |
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entamoeba histolytica trophozoite route of transmission: cyst ingested from contaminated food or H2O |
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entamoeba histolytica cysts route of transmission: cysts ingested in contaminated food or H2O |
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trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites route of transmission: intimate contact |
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toxoplasma gondii trophozoites route of transmission: cat feces or undercooked meat |
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cryptosporidium oocyst route of transmission: animal fecal contamination |
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giardia lamblia trophozoites route of transmission: unpurified H2O |
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giardia lamblia cyst route of transmission: unpurified H2O |
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| balantidium coli trophozoites route of transmission: lack of good hygeine and crowding |
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| balantidium coli cyst route of transmission: lack of good hygeine and crowding |
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trypanosoma trophozoites route of transmission: bug bites |
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plasmodium trophozoites route of transmission: mosquito bites |
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| Explain the purpose of the immersion oil when using the 100x objective |
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| to avoid light refraction |
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| State the route of transmission for Enterobius vermicularis ova (pinworms) |
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| typically is from person to person via the fecal-oral route |
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| State the route of transmission for Ascaris lumbricoides fertilized ova (roundworm) |
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| fecal-oral route |
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| state the route of transmission for Necator americanus ova (hookworm) |
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| barefoot contact with soil |
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| State the route of transmission for Trichinella spiralis larvae |
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| eating bear or pig meat |
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| state the route of transmission for Clonorchis sinensis ova |
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| feces->snail->fish->skin |
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| state the route of transmission for Schistosoma mansoni ova |
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| feces->snail->skin |
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| state the route of transmission of Taenia saginata or solium |
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| eating raw or undercooked beefor pork |
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| Define cysticercosis |
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| Cysticercosis is a systemic illness caused by dissemination of the larval form of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium |
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| define ova |
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| egg cell |
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| define scolex |
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| The knoblike anterior end of a tapeworm, having suckers or hooklike parts that in the adult stage serve as organs of |
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| define proglottid |
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| body segments of worm that extend from the head |
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| define monoecious |
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| having male and female reproductive organs in the same plant or animal |
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| define dioecious |
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| having male and female reproductive organs in separate plants or animals |
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| state the route of transmission for entamoeba histolytica |
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| cysts ingested in contaminated food or H2O |
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| state the route of transmission for trichomonas vaginalis |
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| intimate contact |
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| state the route of transmission for toxoplasma gondii |
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| cat feces or undercooked meat |
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| state the route of transmission for cryptosporidium |
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| animal fecal contamination |
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| state the route of transmission for giardia lamblia |
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| unpurified H2O |
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| state the route of transmission for balantidium coli |
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| lack of good hygeine and crowded areas |
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| state the route of transmission for trypanosoma |
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| bug bites |
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| state the route of transmission for plasmodium |
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| mosquito bites |
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| Name the disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica |
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| amoebic dysentry |
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| Name the disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei |
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| African sleeping sickness |
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| Name the disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi |
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| Changas disease |
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| Name the disease caused by Plasmodium |
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| malaria |
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| Define ubiquitous |
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| everywhere |
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| Define pure culture |
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| Isolation of a single species of microbe |
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| Define colony |
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| cells that descend from a single parent cell that reproduced asexually |
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| Define turbidity |
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| Cloudiness |
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| Define media |
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| Nutrient material suitable for cultivation of microorganisms |
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| Define inoculum |
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| Sampling of a bacterial culture |
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| Define aseptic technique |
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| Aseptic technique refers to a procedure that is performed under sterile conditions |
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| Explain the importance of allowing the loop to cool before obtaining your bacterial sample |
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| If it is hot it could kill the bacteria |
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| correct procedure to streak for isolation |
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| explain why the agar plates are labeled on the bottom and inverted when incubated |
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| The condensation that forms inside the dish can cause streaking through the growth on the plates. Thus, causing poor or invalid test results. |
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| state the criteria used to describe a bacterial colony |
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| shape, margin, elevation, texture, size, appearance, pigmentation, and optical property |
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| list, in order, the reagents used un the traditional gram stain procedure |
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| Cyrstal violet Gram's iodine Acetone-alcohol Safranin |
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| State the function of crystal violet stain used in the Gram stain |
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| Primary stain |
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| State the function of Iodine stain used in the Gram stain |
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| mordant that combines with crystal violet in the cell |
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| State the function of acetone or ethanol used in the Gram stain |
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| the decolorizer |
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| State the function of safranin used in the Gram stain |
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| counterstain or secondary stain |
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| explain the mechanism of the gram stain (why gram negative cells lose the primary dye during decolorization) |
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| It is a differential staining method of differentiating bacterial species into two large groups (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) based on the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls. |
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| Explain the difference between a "simple" stain and a "differential" stain. |
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| simple stain bacteria stain one color. differential stain two dyes are used and cause certain bacteria types to stain contrasting colors depending on their properties and characteristics. |
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| State two organisms that are identified using the acid-fast stain |
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| mycobacterium annd nocardia |
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| acid-fast are pink. non acid-fast are purple |
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| explain why certain organisms are "acid-fast" |
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| they contain large amounts of lipid called mycolic acid, which makes them resistant to staining and disinfectants. |
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| What is the decolorizer in acid fast stain? |
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| Acid/Alcohol |
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| What is the decolorizer in gram stain? |
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| Acetone/Ethanol |
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| state, in order, the three reagents used in the acid-fast stain |
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| 1) Carbolfuchsin 2) Acid-alcohol 3) Methylene blue |
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| Name two medically important genera of bacteria that produce endospores |
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| Bacillus and Clostridium |
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| identify the vegetative cells and the spores |
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| what color does a vegetative cell stain in the schaeffer-fulton stain? |
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| red |
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| what color does an endospore stain in the schaeffer-fulton stain? |
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| green |
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| enterobius vermicularis ova pinworm spread person to person fecal-oral |
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| ascaris lumbricoides ova roundworm spread through fecal-oral route |
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| necator americanus ova hookworm route of transmission walking barefoot through soil |
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| trichinella sipralis larvae can become infected from eating undercooked meat. |
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| clonorchis sinensis ova route of transmission: eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish |
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| schistosoma mansoni ova route of transmission: skin contact with infected water |
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| taenia species proglottid route of transmission: by digestion of undercooked pork or beef |
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| taenia species ova route of transmission: by digestion of undercooked pork or beef |
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| entamoeba histolytica trophozoite route of transmission: =ingesting cysts in contaminated food or water |
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| entamoeba histolytica cysts route of transmission: ingesting cysts in contaminated food or water. |
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| trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites transmitted by initmate contact between individuals |
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| toxoplasma gondii trophozoites route of transmission: cat feces or undercooked meat of an infected animal |
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| cryptosporidum oocyst route of transmission: from the feces of an infected animal to the mouth of another |
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| giardia lamblia trophozoites route of transmission: drinking unpurified water |
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| giardia lamblia cyst drinking unpurified water |
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| balantidium coli trophozoites common in prisons and nursing homes where there is a lack of good hygeine |
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| balantidium coli cyst common in prisons and nursing homes where there is a lack of good hygeine |
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| trypanosoma trophozoites route of transmission: infection by a bug bite |
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| plasmodium trophozoites infection occurs through bugbite |
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| causes dysentry |
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| causes malaria |
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| what disease does trypanosoma cruzi cause? |
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| changas disease |
