Bio Midterm Cells and Cancer Multiple Choice – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Vinblastine, a drug that inhibits microtubule polymeration used to treat some forms of cancer. Cancer cells given vinblastine would be unable to
answer
separate chromosomes during cell division
question
Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization. A cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to
answer
E) move vesicles around the cell.
question
Signals between the ECM and the cytoskeleton may be transmitted by
answer
integrins
question
Liver cells manufacture glycoproteins, while adipose cells store fat. Which of the following subcellular structures is likely to be more prominent in liver cells than in adipose cells?
answer
Golgi Apparatus
question
The formulation of a model for a structure such as the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane or for a process serves which of the following purposes
answer
It functions as a testable hypothesis
question
Which of the following statements is true regarding the movement of substances across cell membranes
answer
Ions are unable to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the nonpolar tail regions of the phospholipids are hydrophobic
question
the phosphate transport system in bacteria imports phosphate into a cell even when the concentration of phosphate outside the cell is much lower than the cytoplasmic phosphate concentration. Phosphate import depends on a pH gradient across the membrane-more H+ ions outside the cell than inside the cell. Phosphate transport is an example of
answer
cotransport
question
Intravenous (IV) solutions administered to patients are normally isotonic. Which of the following is most likely if an IV of distilled water is administered to a patient
answer
The cells that are exposed to hypotonic solutions will expand as water moves osmotically into the cells from the blood
question
Measurements of the amount of DNA per nucleus were taken on a large number of cells from a growing fungus. The measured DNA levels ranged from 3 to 6 picograms per nucleus. In which stage of the cell cycle did the nucleus contain 6 picograms of DNA?
answer
G2
question
Proteins that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, and that show fluctuations in concentration during the cell cycle are called
answer
Cyclins
question
Taxol is an anticancer drug extracted from the pacific yew tree. In animal cells, Taxol disrupts microtubule formation by binding to microtubules and accelerating their assembly from the protein precursor, tubulin. Surprisingly, this stops mitosis. Specifically, Taxol must affect
answer
the formation of the mitotic spindle
question
The researcher in question measures the amount of new polypeptide (protein) production in embryos from 2-8 hours following fertilization and the results show a steady and significant rise in polypeptide concentration over that time. The researcher concludes that
answer
the resulting new polypeptides are due to translation of maternal mRNAs
question
the researcher continues to study the reactions of the embryo to these new proteins and you hypothesize that he is most likely to see which of the following (while embryonic genes are still not being expressed)
answer
Spatial axes (anterior --> posterior etc) begin to be determined
question
the researcher measures the concentration of the polypeptides from different regions in the early embryo and finds the following pattern (darker shading= greater concentration)
answer
the substance is produced in region 1 and diffuses toward region 5
question
Density dependent inhibition is explain by which of the following?
answer
as cells become more numerous, the cell surface proteins of one cell contact the adjoining cells and they stop dividing
question
Cancer can result from a variety of different mutational events. Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in the initiation of a cancerous tumor
answer
a defect in a cell cycle checkpoint prevents a cell from entering S phase.
