Bio Ch 13 & 15 – Flashcards
50 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 50question
Natural selection causes allele frequencies within population to remain the same
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
Two hypotheses suggested about the rate at which evolution proceeds are gradualism and punctuated equilibrium
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
The theory of evolution predicts that genes will accumulate more alterations in their nucleotide sequences over time
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
Evidence for evolution occurs only in the fossil record
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
The human forelimb and the bat forelimb are homologous structures
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
The way an embryo develops is not important in determining the evolutionary history of a species
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
The environment dictates only the direction and extent of evolution
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
Mutant bacteria that cause tuberculosis were selected against by natural selection mechanisms
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
When food is plentiful, there is little selective pressure on the beaks of finches
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
When food is scarce, there is little selective pressure on the beaks of finches
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
When food is scarce, the number of different beak shapes of finches increases
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
Within populations, divergence leads to speciation
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
The study of demographics helps predict changes in the size of a population
answer
T
Unlock the answer
question
Very small populations are less likely to become extinct than large populations
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the proportions of recessive and dominate alleles in a population fluctuate randomly from generation to generation
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
Mutations are so common that they are the major cause of changes in allele frequencies within a population
answer
F
Unlock the answer
question
Darwin thought that the plants and animals of the Galapagos Islands were similar to those of the nearby coast of South America because __ a. their ancestors had migrated from South America to the Galapagos Islands // b. other scientists in South America had written about similar species // c. the island organ isms had the same nucleotide sequences in their DNA as the mainland organisms // d. he found fossils, proving that the animals and plants had common ancestors
answer
A
Unlock the answer
question
Darwin conducted much of his research in __ a. the Samoan Islands // b. Manhattan Island // c. the Hawaiian Islands // d. the Galapagos Islands
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
The process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment is known as __ a. accommodation // b. variation // c. adaptation // d. selection
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
According to Darwin, evolution occurs __ a. by chance // b. during half-life periods of 5,750 years // c. because of natural selection // d. rapidly
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
The hypothesis that evolution occurs at a slow, constant rate is known as __ a. gradualism // b. slow motion // c. natural selection // d. adaptation
answer
A
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following are examples of fossils? __ a. shell or old bones // b. any traces of dead organism // c. footprints of human ancestors, insects trapped in tree sap, and animals buried in tar // d. All of the above
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
Refer to the illustration above. The similarity of the structures suggests that the organism __ a. have a common ancestor // b. all grow at different rates // c. evolved slowly // d. live for a long time
answer
A
Unlock the answer
question
The theory of evolution predicts that __ a. closely related species will show similarities in nucleotide sequences // b. if species have changed over time, their genes should have changed // c. closely related species will show similarities in amino acid sequences // d. All of the above
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
Scarcity of resources and a growing population are __ a. homology // b. protective coloration // c. competition // d. convergent evolution
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
A change in the frequency of a particular gene in one direction in a population is a result of __ a. natural selection // b. acquired variation // c. chromosome drift // d. balancing selection
answer
A
Unlock the answer
question
Mycobacterium tuberculosis __ a. always responds to antibiotics // b. can mutate and become resistant to antibiotics // c. is a harmless organism that normally occurs in human lungs // d. has never responded to antibiotics
answer
B
Unlock the answer
question
The lung disease tuberculosis __ a. kills more adults than any other infectious disease // b. is easily treated with rifampin and isoniazid // c. is caused by an unknown organism // d. usually affects only children
answer
A
Unlock the answer
question
Rifampin, the antibiotic commonly used to treat tuberculosis, acts by __ a. mutating bacterial RNA // b. preventing bacteria from dividing // c. mutating bacterial polymerase genes // d. prevent bacterial mRNA transcription
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
Beak shape in finches is affected by __ a. the number of predators in the area // b. the size of the finch // c. the order of the finch // d. the availability of food
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
In order to fit into their habitat, the Galapagos Finches had __ a. not changed // b. migrated // c. evolved // d. None of the above
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
The accumulation of differences between species or populations is called __ a. gradualism // b. adaptation // c. divergence // d. differentiation
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
New species form __ a. when subspecies diverge more and more // b. because of natural selection // c. when members of the same species become adapted to new environments // d. All of the above
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
All of the following are problems arising from inbreeding, except __ a. production of a genetically uniform population // b. increases in the diversity within a population // c. increases chance of homozygous recessive alleles occurring // d. reduction of a population's ability to adapt to environmental changes
answer
B
Unlock the answer
question
Demographic studies of populations must take into consideration __ a. population size // b. population density // c. population dispersion // d. All of the above
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
As a population reaches its carrying capacity, there is an increase in competition for __ a. food // b. shelter // c. mates // d. All of the above
answer
D
Unlock the answer
question
Refer to the illustration above. Which time period shows exponential growth of the population? __ a. period A // b. period B // c. period C // d. period D
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
Refer to the illustration above. During which time period are the birth rate and death rate equal? __ a. period A // b. period B // c. period C // d. period D
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
Refer to the illustration above. The rate of growth of a population is represented by r. During which time period will r=0? __ a. period A // b. period B // c. period C // d. period D
answer
No answer available
Unlock the answer
question
All of the following are true of r-strategists except __ a. early maturation and reproduction // b. little parental care // c. few offspring // d. small offspring
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
bacteria : r-strategists : : __ a. gorillas : k-strategist // b. insects : k-strategists // c. annual plants : k-strategists // d. rhinoceroses : r-strategists
answer
A
Unlock the answer
question
In 1908, Hardy and Weinberg independently demonstrated that __ a. r- and k- strategists populations are actually the same // b. recessive alleles replace dominant alleles in a population over long periods of time // c. dominant alleles do not replace recessive alleles in a population // d. recessive alleles are usually more common than dominant alleles
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
non random mating : increasing proportion of homozygotes : : __ a. migration of individuals : gene flow // b. mutation : major change in allele frequencies // c. Hardy-Weinberg equation : natural selection // d. inbreeding : frequency of alleles
answer
A
Unlock the answer
question
homozygous : heterozygous : : __ a. heterozygous : Bb // b. Probability : predicting chances // c. dominant : recessive // d. factor : gene
answer
C
Unlock the answer
question
Directional selection tends to eliminate __ a. both extremes in a range of phenotypes // b. one extreme in a range of phenotypes // c. intermediate phenotypes // d. None of the above, it causes new phenotypes to form
answer
B
Unlock the answer
question
The range of phenotypes shifts toward one extreme in __ a. stabilizing selection // b. disruptive selection // c. directional selection // d. polygenic selection
answer
C
Unlock the answer
