Bio 111 P1 – Flashcards
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both a body of knowledge and an intellectual activity encompassing observation, description, experimentation, and explanation of natural phenomena
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Science is
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Irrational beliefs that actions do not logically related to a course of events influence its outcome
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Superstitions
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measurable
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To be useful in the scientific method, an observation must be
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are based on observation
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Empirical results
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generate a testable prediction
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To be useful, a hypothesis will
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frequently observed phenomenon that people tend to respond favorably to any treatment
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The placebo effect
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When both the researches and test subjects have no idea who is receiving the drug and placebo.
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What is a double blind test?
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one variable is manipulated while others are held constant
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controlled experiments is when
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Replication
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If a researcher uses the same experimental setup as in another study, but with different research subjects, the process is considered
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Can cause a change in a dependent variable
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An independent variable
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Determine how likely it is that certain results have occurred by chance
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Statistical methods made it possible to
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Can seem to reveal links between two phenomena, but the links do not actually exist
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Anecdotal evidence
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A hypothesis that has been established on the basis of large amounts of observational and experimental data
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What is a theory?
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Knowledge gathered through observation and experiments that are rational, testable and repeatable.
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What does empirical mean, and how does it relate to the study of biology?
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It means that if a hypothesis is not supported by the experimental results, it can be revised, new predictions made and these predictions tested. Experiments can also be repeated many times by many different scientists and change as they go along.
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An especially important feature of the scientific method is that its steps are self correcting. What does self correcting mean in the context?
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it cannot be tested using the scientific method
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If a phenomenon cannot be measured,
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gets rid of variables
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Double blind procedure
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Randomized: Participants are randomly selected to be in either the experimental or control group Controlled: There is a controlled group in which all variables are the same as the experimental group Double blind: Neither the experimenter and the testing group knows who is part of the experimental group and control group
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What does it mean to be in a randomized, controlled, double blind study?
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Randomized, controlled, double blind experiment
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What type of experimental design helps us eliminate biases?
