Beaches and Coasts Short Answers – Flashcards

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question
List three mechanisms by which rivers transport sediment (mechanisms, not sand, mud, wood etc.)
answer

a. SUSPENSION

 

b. BEDLOAD

 

c. DISSOLVED

question
Identify the coastal tectonic setting that has the fewest large river deltas.
answer
COLLISION
question
Where does estuarine sediment ultimately come from?:
answer

a)             RIVERS                              c) BLUFFS

 

 

 

b)   BIOLOGICAL                         d) SEA BED/OFFSHORE

question
List three processes by which the ocean erodes bedrock:
answer

a. ABRASION

 

b. HYDRAULIC RIVING

 

c. DISSOLUTION

question
List three general options a homeowner on a rapidly eroding bluff has to save his or her house.
answer

a. RETREAT/RELOCATE

 

b. ARMOR

 

c. ACCOMODATE

question
Identify the geological term used to describe the rapid downslope movement of large masses of material.
answer
LANDSLIDE
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Three factors that influence the shape of a river delta are
answer

1) TIDES

 

2) WAVES

 

3) RIVER

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Differential erosion refers to
answer

DIFFERENCE IN EROSION RATES BETWEEN ADJACENT ROCK TYPES

 

question
The upper delta begins where _______ begin to branch from the main stem of the river?
answer
DISTRIBUTARIES
question
Identify three mechanisms by which deltas grow vertically (upbuild):
answer

a. flooding

  

b. meandering

 

c. peat formation

question
List two ways that people increase bluff erosion rates on their property.
answer

A. CLEARING VEGETATION

B. ATERINT LAWNS/SEPTIC

C. PATHS

question

List three wind-related factors which control the height of waves in the deep ocean: 

 

Which of these most controls the height of waves in Maine’s estuaries? 

answer

1. wind speed

2. wind duration

3. wind fetch


4. wind fetch

question
List four sources (places) beach sand could come from? 
answer

1. People

2. offshore

3. biological

4. rivers bluffs

question
List three extreme conditions that beach plants must adapt to for survival
answer

1. drought

2. lack nutrients

3. disturbance by waves, burial, storms

question
List three properties of dissapative beaches...what are the sorts of things that best characterize these beaches?
answer

1. gentle slope


2. fine sand


3. wide, accreting, no cusps

question
What are three reasons our society provides protection for salt marsh habitats (what are three reasons we think marshes are of value to us)?
answer

1. wildlife

 2. filter contaminants 

 

3. fish nurseries

4. storm barrier

5. export nutrients

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List three reasons why tropical storms have historically caused relatively little damage to the Maine coast.
answer

1. cold water in Gulf of Maine kills storm 

 

2. Storms track parallel to coast

3. large tidal range

4. track faster

question
List 4 options homeowners have regarding rising sea level:
answer

1. relocate 

 

2. armor

3. accomodate

4. nothing

question

 

a)    Draw a graph that illustrates sea-level change for the past 14,000 years in Maine, Hudson Bay and in Florida.

b)    Label the vertical axis as elevation above and below modern sea level

c)     Label the horizontal axis as time in thousands of years before present. 

 

answer
[image]
question

 

Name the parts of the flood and ebb tidals labeled on the photo below. Land is toward the bottom of the photo, sea is toward the top.

1. Flood Ramp 

2. Flood Channel 

3. Ebb Split 

4. Ebb spit

5. Ebb Shield 

6. Spill over lobe

 

answer
[image]
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