Baroque Era Test – Flashcards

Flashcard maker : August Dunbar
During the seventeenth century, women who desired a public voice through music often joined a:
convent
Which of the following was a reason that a woman would join a convent during the seventeenth century?
a. to avoid an unwanted marriage
b. to seek asylum after being widowed
c. to have an outlet for musical talent
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
the canticle of Mary is generally known as the
Magnificat
during which service does the magnificat occur?
vespers
what services did Chiara Margarita Cozzolani provide for the convent of St. Radegonda?
a. director of choirs
b. abbess and prioress
c. composer
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
what is a type of music NOT composed by Chiara Margarita Cozzolani?
the secular cantata
the dramatic and mystical qualities of Cozzolani’s setting of the Magnificat are similar to those of what other significant artwork?
Benini’s Ecstasy of Teresa
Of the following, which characterizes Cozzolani’s music for the Magnificat?
a. imitative polyphony throughout
b. an ABA structure
c. expressive and rich in word-painting
d. all of the above
a? imitative polyphony throughout? (I wasn’t sure about this one)
what are the performing forces for Cozzolani’s magnificat?
two choirs, two soprano soloists, and organ and strings
the prayer of praise at the end of the Magnificat is called the
doxology
a drama that is sung is called a
opera
the vocal style in opera that imitates the natural inflections of speech is called
recitative
a highly emotional song in an opera is called a
aria
the orchestral introduction at the beginning of an opera is called the
overture
the text of an opera is called the
libretto
what composer is regarded as the first master of opera?
?
which cultural center rejected italian opera?
France
a type of English entertainment combining music, poetry, and dance was called the
masque
the greatest native-born English composer of Baroque was
Henry Purcell
Purcell’s opera Dido and Aeneas was composed for
a production at a girls’ school
who was the librettist of Purcell’s Dido and Aeneas?
Nahum Tate
what epic poem was the basis for Purcell’s opera Dido and Aeneas?
Virgil’s “Aeneid”
Dido sings her famous lament in Purcell’s opera Dido and Aeneas just prior to:
killing herself
Dido’s lament for Purcell’s opera Dido and Aeneas is composed
over a ground base
Luther believed that music belonged to the
congregation
in the Lutheran church, the weekly hymns sung by the congregation were called
chorales
which of the following does NOT describe the chorale?
a. intended to be sung by the congregation
b. four part harmony
c. text in german
d. simple and memorable melodies
b. sang in four part harmonies
the sacred cantata was an integral part of the
lutheran church service
the expansion of the chorale with new poetry resulted in the
cantata
during his musical career, Johann Sebastian Bach held position of:
a. cantor of St. Thomans Church in Leipzig
b. court organist and chamber musician to the duke of Weimar
c. court musician to the prince of Ahjalt-Cothen
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Johann Sebastian Bach was most famous in his day as a performer on the
organ
what would listeners hear in a typical Bach chorale?
intricate choral movements
what is the form of the chorale tune Wachet Auf?
bar form (AAB)
Bach’s cantata no. 140, Wachet Auf, has how many movements?
seven
the opening movement of Bach’s cantata Wachet Auf is best described as a
grand chorale fantasia
the fourth movement of Bach’s cantata Wachet Auf has three musical lines:
unison choir, unison strings, and continuo
Handel’s Messiah is a
oratorio
What is Handel’s most famous oratorio, frequently performed today?
Messiah
Why is Messiah so popular in Britain and America today?
a. sung in english
b. first part is appropriate for the christmas season
c. it combines vocal soloists, chorus, and orchestra
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
which of the following does NOT characterize an oratorio?
a. elaborate scenery
b. recitatives
c. arias
d. choruses
a. elaborate scenery
the stories for oratorios are generally drawn from
the Bible
George Frideric Handel is considered master of the
oratorio
Who was born in Germany and studied in Italy, but spend much of his creative life in England?
Handel
When Handel arrived in London, he established his fame by composing
oratorios
Later in life, Handel turned his efforts from the opera to the
oratorio
the subject of the second part of Messiah is
the death of christ
the orchestra for Messiah relies primarily on the
strings
“Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion” from Messiah is an example of
a da capo aria
what is ritornello?
an instrumental refrain in an aria
the famous choral climax of Handel’s Messiah is
the “Hallelujah Chorus”
which of the following does NOT characterize the Hallelujah Chorus?
a. varied dynamics
b. fugal passages
c. homophonic passages
d. a cappella setting
d. a cappella setting
in seventeenth century New England, the puritan practice of singing that is based on call and response was called
lining-out
what is the basic texture of the practice of lining-out?
monophonic
why was lining-out developed?
a. most people could not read music
b. most people could not afford to buy a psalm book
c. the church wanted everyone to participate equally in services
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
what is heterophonic texture?
the simultaneous performance of slight variants of the same melody
which of the following was NOT a musical development in the seventeenth century?
a. polyphonic settings of sacred music began to appear
b, singing schools began teaching music
c. american composers were discouraged from writing music
d. shape-note singing was developed
a. polyphonic settings of sacred music began to appear
which of the following does NOT characterize shape-note notation?
a. it was created in order to standardize sacred melodies
b. it was based on solfege, syllables used to memorize music
c. the shape of a note denoted its solfege syllable
d. it was first applied to tutorials for piano playing
d. it was first applied to tutorials for piano playing
how can the career of William Billings be described?
he knew several leaders of the American Revolution
Billings’s best-known publication is
The New England Psalm Singer
the form of Billings’s David’s Lamentation is
ABB
what is the texture of Billings’s David’s Lamentation?
homophonic with solos and duets
of the following, what contributes to the simplicity of Billings’s David’s Lamentation?
a. mostly stepwise melodies
b. consonant harmonies
c. duple meter and regular rhythmic patterns
d. all of these
d. all of these
what describes Spanish attitudes toward indigenous American peoples?
they tried to reconcile local beliefs and christianity
which of the following musical activities in NOT associated with Gaspar Fernanded?
a. playing organ
b. composing operas
c. teaching music to choirboys
d. collecting music performed in Mexico at the time
b. composing operas
which of the following does NOT characterize the villancico by Fernandes?
a. images of christianity mixed with those of the aztec religion
b. an ensemble refrain
c. notation that includes parts for organ and other instruments
d. a frequent short-long rhythm
c. notation that includes parts for organ and other instruments
the first era of western music history in which instrumental music was a major focus for composers was the
Baroque
which of the following does NOT describe instrumental music in the Baroque era?
a. the flowering of instrumental music was largely encouraged by wealthy patrons
b. elaborate instrumental music often accompanied grand celebrations
c. new technologies made more sophisticated instruments possible
d. instrumental music became the central focus of western concert music at this time
d. instrumental music became the central focus of western concert music at this time
which of the following is NOT a major difference between Baroque and modern violins?
a. the general shape of the instrument
b. the type of strings
c. the playing techniques
d. the cost of the instrument
a. the general shape of the instrument
during the Baroque, which of the woodwind instruments became associated with a somber mood?
bassoon
which of the following instruments was NOT made of wood during Baroque?
a. recorder
b. oboe
c. trumpet
d. flute
c. trumpet
which of the following does NOT characterize the Baroque suite?
a. consists of a series of dances
b. movements are in contrasting keys
c. each movements is a dance type from a different country
d. the movements have contrasts of tempo and character
b. movements are in contrasting keys
which of the following dance types was NOT standard in a Baroque suite?
a. allemande
b. sarabande
c. courante
d. tarantella
d. tarantella
what is the most common form of the individual movement in a suite?
binary
baroque composers applied the concept of the suite to:
a. solo instrumental music
b. keyboard music
c. orchestral music
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
handel’s Water Music is best described as
suite
why is the music for Handel’s Water Music marked by lively rhythms and catchy melodies?
it was written to be performed outdoors on barges
the Alla hornpipe movement from Water Music is characterized by
instrumental groups exchanging motivic ideas
the instrumental form based on the contrast of two dissimilar bodies of sound is called a
concerto
the typical solo concerto has how many movements?
3
the *blank* form in a concerto is loosely based on the alternation between orchestral statements and virtuosic passages for the soloist.
ritornello
a ritornello form in a concerto is typically found in
the first and third movements
who was the greatest and most prolific italian composer of concertos?
Vivaldi
antonia vivaldi was known as the “red priest” for
the color of his hair
vivaldi lived and worked in
Venice
What is Vivaldi’s best-known set of concertos?
The Four Seasons
the solo instrument in Spring from The Four Seasons is the
violin
Which of the following does NOT characterize Vivaldi’s Four Seasons?
a. based on poems
b. avoid ritornello form
c. convey pictoral images
d. structured in three movement forms
b. avoid ritornello
the opening movement of Spring from The Four Seasons is in what form?
ritornello
in the slow movement of Spring, Vivaldi evokes a dog’s parking through
an ostinato rhythm
which of the following was NOT an important keyboard instrument during the Baroque?
a. harpsichord
b. piano
c. organ
d. clavichord
b. piano
What keyboard instrument is plucked by quills?
harpsichord
the harpsichord is different from the piano because:
a. sometimes has two keyboards
b. strings are plucked
c. not capable of wide dynamic range
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
the keyboard instrument that uses various sets of pipes to create contrasting colors is?
organ
what is toccata?
an improvisatory, virtuosic keyboard work
what is the keyboard form that is based on the principle of voices imitating each other?
fugue
what is the principal element of a fugue?
counterpoint
after the first statement of the fugue subject, the second entrance of the subject is called the
answer
the opening section of a fugue, in which all voices successively introduce the subject is called the
exposition
in a fugue, the areas of relaxation where the subject is not heard are called
episodes
which of the following is NOT a contrapuntal device that alters the orginal theme of a fugue?
a. augmenation
b. retrograde
c. prelude
d. diminution
c. prelude
in a fugue, the technique of stating the theme in shorter time values that go faster is called
diminution
in the field of keyboard music, Bach’s most important collection was
the well-tempered clavier
what is the title of a set of 48 preludes and fugues by Bach?
the well-tempered clavier
how many preludes and fugues are contained in the two well tempered clavier volumes?
48
Bach’s last demonstration of contrapuntal mastery was
the art of the fugue
how many voices or individual lines are there in Bach’s contrapunctus 1, from the art of the fugue?
four
by which voice is the subject first stated in contrapunctus 1 from the art of the fugue?
alto
TRUE or FALSE: Creative voices from groups excluded from equal opportunity seldom have any emotional impact.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Women who made a name for themselves as professional musicians were often viewed as having low morals.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The convent of St. Radegonda in Milan was famous for its music-making.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The Catholic Church supported the performances of nuns in public and their use of polyphony.
False
TRUE or FALSE: In convents, men frequently joined the nuns’ choir in order to perform the bass parts.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Although coming from the family of a wealthy Milanese merchant, Chiara Margarita Cozzolani entered a convent and professed her final vows at age eighteen.
True
TRUE or FALSE: In Cozzolani’s ‘Magnificat’, the choirs often sing in homophony.
True
TRUE or FALSE: In opera, the lyric melodies that release emotional tension are called recitatives.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Early operas, such as Monteverdi’s ‘Orfeo’, were simple productions for intimate gatherings.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The first public opera houses opened in Venice.
True
TRUE or FALSE: In seventeenth-century England, the masque was a popular type of aristocratic entertainment that combined vocal instrumental music with poetry and dance.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Purcell’s ‘Dido and Aeneas’ was first performed in a public opera house.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The aria “When I am laid in earth” is unified by a ground bass on a descending chromatic scale.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The aria “When I am laid in earth” is accompanied by continuo only.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Luther believed that professional musicians had no place in a church service.
False
TRUE or False: A chorale is a hymn tune associated with German Protestantism.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Chorales were intended to be sung by a trained choir.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The texts for chorales were always taken directly from the Bible.
False???
TRUE or FALSE: Bach completed over two hundred cantatas.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Johann Sebastian Bach lived a short, unhappy life and had no children.
False
TRUE or FALSE: During his lifetime, Johann Sebastian Bach was known primarily as a great organist.
True
TRUE or FALSE: All the movements of Bach’s Cantata No. 140 make use of the chorale tune ‘Wachet auf’.
False
TRUE or FALSE: In ‘Wachet auf’, Bach avoids mirroring the form of the chorale in his chorale movements.
False???
TRUE or FALSE: A ‘bar form’ has the structure of A-A-B.
True
TRUE or FALSE: An oratorio is a dramatic, staged work with elaborate scenery and costumes.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The role of a chorus is especially important in the oratorio.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Handel wrote his oratorio ‘Messiah’ over a period of four years.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The libretto for Handel’s oratorio ‘Messiah’ is a compilation of verses from the Old and New Testaments.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Handel’s ‘Messiah’ is divided into three parts.
True
TRUE or FALSE: “Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion” is in bar form.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The “Hallelujah Chorus” is the climax of the Christmas section of ‘Messiah’.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Handel’s “Hallelujah Chorus” includes a variety of textures.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Lining-out was a system designed to promote polyphony in America.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Lining-out often involved heterophony.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Shape-note notation was designed to help the general public read music.
True
TRUE or FALSE: William Billings was the first highly trained composer active in America.
False???
TRUE or FALSE: Billings’s four-part compositions generally placed the main melody in the soprano.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The text for Billings’s ‘David’s Lamentation’ is derived from the Bible.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Missionaries taught American natives plainchant exclusively in Latin.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The incorporation of percussion instruments in Fernandes’s villancico is not indicated in the score but suggested by various historical documents.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The Renaissance period was the first in which instrumental music was comparable in importance to vocal music.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Stradivarius, Guarneri, and Amati were famous makers of violins during the Baroque era.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The invention of valves enable Baroque trumpet players to become virtuosos.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Today, Baroque music is played exclusively on modern instruments.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The standard Baroque suite consists of a variety of international dance types.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Baroque suites were composed for orchestra only.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Handel’s ‘Water Music’ received its name because of the depiction of waves in the Alla hornpipe.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The Alla hornpipe from Handel’s ‘Water Music’ is in ternary form.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The typical Baroque concerto is written for a solo instrument with a continuo accompaniment.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The concerto lends itself to virtuoso playing.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The tempos in a three-movement concerto are Adagio-Allegro-Andante.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Antonio Vivaldi composed over two hundred concertos for solo violin.
True
TRUE or FALSE: Vivaldi lived in Rome, where he taught music at a girls’ school.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Bach composed the famous set of works known as the ‘Brandenburg Concertos’.
True
TRUE or FALSE: ‘The Four Seasons’ is considered to be program music.
True
TRUE or FALSE: In ‘Spring’ from ‘The Four Seasons’, all of the images are created in the orchestra passages.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The most important keyboard instruments of the Baroque were the harpsichord, organ and piano.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The strings of a harpsichord are plucked by quills.
True
TRUE or FALSE: The advantage of the harpsichord was its ability to produce crescendos and diminuendos.
False
TRUE or FALSE: The organ has multiple keyboards.
True
TRUE or FALSE: A fugue is a contrapuntal composition in which a single subject is the focal point that unifies the work.
True
TRUE or FALSE: A fugue is a form intended exclusively for solo keyboard performance.
False
TRUE or FALSE: At the beginning of a fugue, the countersubject is stated alone.
False
TRUE or FALSE: Johann Sebastian Bach’s ‘Art of Fugue’ is now generally considered to be a keyboard work.
False
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