Astronomy and space science interactive science chapter 3 vocab – Flashcards

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Geocentric
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an earth centered model of the solar system
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Heliocentric
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a sun centered model of the solar system
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ellipse
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oval shape
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Solar system
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The system consisting of the sun and the plants and other objects that revolve around it
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Astronomical unit
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a unit of distance equal to the average distance between Earth and the sun, about 150,000,000 km
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Planet
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An object that orbits a star, Is large enough to have become round by its own gravity, and has cleared an area of its orbit
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Dwarf planet
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An object that orbits the sun and is spherical, but has not cleared an area of its orbit
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Planetesimal
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One of the small Astroid-like bodies that formed the building blocks of the planets
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Core
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The central region of the sun when nuclear fusion occurs
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Nuclear fusion
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The process in which to atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus forming a heavier element and releasing huge amounts of energy; the process by which energy is produced in stars
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Radiation zone
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a region of very Tightly packed gas in the suns interior where Energy is transferred mainly in the form of electromagnetic radiation
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Convection zone
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The outermost layer of the suns interior
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Photosphere
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The interlayer of the sun's atmosphere that Gives off it's visible light; the sun's surface
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Chromosphere
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The middle layer of the sun's atmosphere
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Corona
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The Allerler the sun's atmosphere
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Solar wind
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A stream of electrically charged particles that emanate from the suns corona
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Sunspot
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a large area of gas on the sun's surface that is cooler than the surrounding gases
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Prominence
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a huge reddish loop of gas That protrudes from the sun's surface Linking parts of sunspot regions
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Solar flare
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In eruption of gas from the sun's surface that occurs when the loops in sunspot regions suddenly connect
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Terrestrial planet
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The name often given for the four inner planets: Mercury Venus Earth and Mars
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Greenhouse effect
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The Tracking of heat near a planet surface Caused by certain gases in the planet's atmosphere
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Gas giant
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The name often given to the outer planets: Jupiter Saturn Uranus and Neptune
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Ring
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a Small disc of small ice and rock particles surrounding the planet
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Astroid belt
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The region of the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many astroids are found
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Kuiper belt
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a region when many small objects orbit the sun that stretches beyond the orbit of Neptune to about 100 times earths distance from the sun
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Oort cloud
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A spherical region of commets that surround the solar system
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Comet
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a loose collection of ice and dust that orbits the sun typically a long Narrow orbit
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Coma
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The fuzzy outer layer of a comet
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Nucleus
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The solid inner core of a comet
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Astroid
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one of the rocky objects Revolving around the sun that are too small and numerous to be considered planets
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Meteoriod
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a chunk of rock or dust in space generally smaller than astroid
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Meteor
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Streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of the meteoroid earths atmosphere
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Meteorite
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A Meteriod that passes through the atmosphere and hits earth's surface
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