Astronomy – Space Flashcard
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How does the sons mass compare with that of other planets to
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It is 1000 times moremassive then all the planets combined
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Which planet has the highest average surface temperature and why
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Venus because of its dance carbon dioxide atmosphere
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Which of the following observations and stick indicates that conditions on Mars may have been suitable for life in the past
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There are dried up riverbeds on Mars
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Which planet couldn't astronaut visit without the need for a spacesuit to survive
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None an astronaut would need a spacesuit to survive a visit to any other planet in the solar system
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Which is the densest planets in the solar system
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Earth
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the inner planets
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They all have substantial atmospheres
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What are the main constitutes of the Jovian planets
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Hydrogen and helium
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Where are most of the known asteroids found
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Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
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Astronomers now classified Pluto is really just a large number of
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The Kuiper belt
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Why did the solar nebula heat up as a collapsed
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As the cloud shrink its gravitational potential energy it was converted to thermal energy
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According to our theory of solar system formation why do all the planets orbit the sun in the same direction and nearly the same plane
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The laws of conservation of energy and conservation of angular momentum ensure that any rotating collapsing cloud will end up as a spinning disk
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What percentage of the solar nebula's mass consisted of hydrogen and helium gas is
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98%
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What percentage of the solar nebula's mass consisted of Rocky material
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0.4%
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Which of the following is the origin of almost all the large moons around the Jovian planets
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They were formed by condensation and acceleration and a disc of gas around the planet
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Which of the following is not been detected around other stars in the galaxy
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Terrestrial planets
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According to our theory of solar system formation why do we find some exceptions to the general rules and patterns of the planets
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Most of the exceptions are the results of giant impacts or close gravitational encounters
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The heavy bombardment phase of the solar system lasted
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Several hundreds of millions of years
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The nebular theory of the formation of the solar system successfully predicts all but one of the following which one does the theory not predict
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The equal number of terrestrial finance and Jovian planets with the exception of Pluto
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What do you mean your rights reveal about the solar system
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They revealed that the age of the solar system is approximately 4.6 billion years
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The first planets around other son like stars were discovered
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About a decade ago
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Which of the following methods has led to the most discoveries of massive planets orbiting near their parents stars
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Detecting the gravitational effects of been orbiting planet by looking for the Doppler shifts in the stars spectrum
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What is astrometry
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Measuring the positions of stars on the sky
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The transit method of planet detection works best for
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Big planets in Edge on Orbitz around around small stars
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Which planet search technique is currently best suited to find earthlike planets
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Transit
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The reason that most extrasolar planets I found close to that parent stars is
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The Doppler shift of the stars spectrum is larger
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Why are many of the newly to take to extrasolar planets called hot Jupiters
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The masses are similar to Jupiter but they're very close to the center start and therefore hot
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How do we think the hot Jupiters around other stars were formed
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Deformed as gas giants be on the frost line and then migrated inwords
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What would happen to the planets in the solar system where the center did not have a strong wind
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The gas in the solar nebula would create a drag on the planets and their orbits would migrate in words
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Oceans cover more of earths surface that land
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True
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The Jovian planets have no solid surface
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True
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All planets orbit the sun in the same direction counterclockwise
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True
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The more massive planets in the solar system tends to be less dense than the lower mass planets
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True
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Within the frost line planetesimals were composed entirely of rock and outside the frost line planetesimals were composed entirely of ice
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False
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Earths atmosphere resulted from the impact of icy planetesimals that or originated in the outer regions of the solar system
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True
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Based on our theory of how our own solar system formed we would expect that other solar systems would be quite common
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True
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Most of the planets discovered around other stars have mass is comparable to the terrestrial planets in our own solar system
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False
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I planets size can be determined by observing it's transit across a star
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True
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Once a planet forms in a disk like nebula around a star its orbit is fixed and will never change
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False
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Rank the five terrestrial worlds in order of size from smallest to largest
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Moon Mercury Mars Venus Earth
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Record mantle and crust of a planet are defined by differences in their
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Density
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What is the most important factor that determines the sickness and therefore strength of the lithosphere
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Internal temperature
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Which internal energy source produces heat by converting gravitational potential energy into thermal energy
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Both a and B acceleration and differentation
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What are the circumstances under which convection can occur in a substance
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When the substance is strongly heated from underneath
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Which of the following worlds have the thinnest lithosphere
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Venus and Earth
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Why does earth I have the strongest magnetic field among the terrestrial worlds
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It is the only one that has both a partial he Michaeltin metallic core and reasonably rapid rotation
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What are the conditions necessary for terrestrial planet to have a strong magnetic field
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Both a molten metallic core and reasonably fast rotation
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Which of the following does not have a major effect in shaping planetary surface
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Magnetism
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How deep is an impact crater compared to it width
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10 to 20%
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When we see a region of a planet that is not heavily cratered as other regions we conclude that
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The surface in the region is younger than the surface and more heavily cratered regions
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What type of stress is broke earths lithosphere into plates
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The circulation of convection cells in the mantle which dragged them against the lithosphere
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Which of the following describes erosion
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The wearing down or building up of geological features by wind water ice and other phenomena of planetary weather
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Which of the following best describes impact cratering
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The excavation of a bowl shaped depressions by asteroids or comments striking a planet surface
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What kind of surface features may result from tech tonics
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Volcanoes valleys cliffs mountains
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The caloris basin on Mercury covers a large region of the planet but few smaller crate is formed on top of it from this we can include that
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The cow Loris basin formed toward the end of the solar systems. Of heavy bombardment
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Valles marineris is a
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Large Canyon on Mars
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Which two geological processes Appear to have been most important in shaping the present surface of Venus
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Volcanoes and tech tonics
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Why is Mars red
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It's surface rocks were rusted by oxygen
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Spacecraft have landed on all the terrestrial world except
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Mercury
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Which of the following planets has the least substantial atmosphere
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Mercury
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What are greenhouse gases
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Gas is that absorb infrared light
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Sunsets are red because
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Sunlight must pass-through more atmosphere and the scatters even more light at bluer wavelengths transmitting mostly red light
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How is the atmosphere of a planet affected by the rotation rate
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Faster rotation rates produce stronger winds
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In what ways is earth different from the other terrestrial planets
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All of the above
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What process has shaped earths surface more than any other
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Plate tectonics
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How fast do tectonic plates move on earth
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A few centimeters per year
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Ridges in the middle of the ocean are places where
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Hot mantle material rises upward and spreads sideways pushing the place apart
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Which of the following is not a product of outgassing
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Oxygen
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Of the four gases CO2 H2O and two and 02 which are greenhouse gases
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CO2 and H2O
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Why does the burning of fossil fuels increase the greenhouse effect on earth
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Burning releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
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Which of the following can act like a long time thermostat for Earth's average temperature
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Radioactive elements trapped in the Earth's mantle
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Earths atmosphere contains only small amounts of carbon dioxide because
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Carbon dioxide dissolves in water and most of it is now contained in the oceans and Carbonite rocks
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Higher temperatures make rocks weaker
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True
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Earth is the only planet in the solar system known to have plate tectonics
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True
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Sunsets are red because sunlight must pass through more atmosphere than an atmosphere scatters even more light at bluer wavelengths leaving mostly red light to color the sky
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True
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There is no erosion of the surface features of the moon
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False
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Today Mars has virtually no magnetic field
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True
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Venus has a thicker atmosphere than Earth
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True
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The presence of oxygen and O zone in earths atmosphere can be explained through biology
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True
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The process in which one plate slides under another is called subduction occurs with seafloor crust descends into the mental below continental crust
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True
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Earths outgassed as much carbon dioxide as business but it is locked up in the oceans and rocks
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True
