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_____________ is a skill and imagination used to create or produce aesthetic objects

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Art

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Which of the following purposes of art is met by a Baroque composer writing a requiem mass?

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Illuminating the spiritual

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Which of the following functions of art is best reflected in an anti-war protest song?

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Political and social commentary

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Artists often employ _______________to achieve the effect of three-dimensions on flat surfaces.

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shading and perspective

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The use of the same visual element several times in a work of art is called:

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repetition.

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The strength, or purity of a color is its:

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intensity

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_______________ is the meaning of the work of art.

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Content

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A natural and comforting arrangement of visual elements is called:

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harmony

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Which of the following purposes of art is most clearly reflected in a documentary on the NASA space shuttle program?

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Representing the world

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The uneven distribution of elements throughout an artwork is:

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asymmetry

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______________ is a work of art from a specific historical time or place.

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Artifact

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A sense or feeling of depth, either actual or implied, is called _____________.

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space

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_________________ is when artwork creates a sense of motion through line, form, and juxtaposition

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Dynamics

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______________has the properties of direction, width and length. The path of a moving point through space

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Line

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The surface quality of materials, either actual or implied, is called:

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texture

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An artist's use of color is sometimes called _____________.

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palette

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In two-dimensional art, texture is ______________.

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Figurative

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_______________ makes a work of art feel cohesive and finished, with all the elements looking as though they belong together

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Unity

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Which of the following functions of art is reflected in a museum collection of 19th century Wedgewood china?

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Historical artifact

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____________ is the process of making works of art by transferring an inked image to another surface (usually paper).

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Printmaking

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In ________________, an image is printed by forcing ink through a stencil (image) on a screen stretched with a fine silk or similar fabric; also called silk-screening or screen-printing. This method of printmaking allows printers to make large areas of uniform color in their printed designs.

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serigraphy

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In __________________, an image is printed by leaving the image surface raised, with remaining areas cut away, as with woodcut or linoleum cut printing.

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Relief printing

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In _____________ , an image is printed using the antipathy of oil and water; a flat surface with a design area (image) that is ink-receptive is printed and the non-printed area is ink-repellent.

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lithography

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In ____________, an image is printed from a recessed design. An incising or etching technique may be used to create the design on the surface of the plate to be pressed against paper.

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intaglio

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__________ is the thick application of paint creating a textured surface on the canvas

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Impasto

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______________ involves burning an image onto metal with acid, which allows for creating intaglio with precise lines.

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Etching

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_____________ is a method of etching (intaglio) that imitates the broad tints of a water color.

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Aquatint

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_______________ is any method of producing an image by using the action of light on a light-sensitive medium such as a film or a sensor.

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Photography

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named after its French inventor Louis Daguerre, an early (1839) photographic process where an image is made directly onto a light-sensitive silver-coated metallic plate, without using a negative

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Daguerreotype photography

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This American photographer was a leading advocate of Pictorialism.

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Alfred Stieglitz

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Is this true or false? Drawing is confined to the use of dry media.

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False

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Serigraphy is also known as ____________.

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screenprinting

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Photography as a visual art requires the photographer to:

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design an image compose an image execute an image

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A water-based paint that uses egg, glue, or casein as a binder is called:

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tempera

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the ordered recurrence or repetition of elements

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Rhythm

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One advantage of this media for painting is that it does not yellow with age.

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acrylic paint

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This technique creates the illusion of depth through gradations of light and shade.

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Chiaroscuro

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Straight or pure photography was advocated by these photographers.

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Group f/64

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In drawing, using dots for tone, texture, and shading is called __________.

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Stippling

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Two-dimensional art that is so naturalistic that it appears to have depth and distance has been dubbed by the French ________________.

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Trompe l'oeil

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The printmaking technique of ___________ prints an image from a recessed design incised or etched into the surface of a plate.

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Intaglio

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____________ is the size, shape, and volume of forms, occupies a more prominent place in three-dimensional art. T

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Mass

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Is the least likely factor for a three-dimensional artwork having greater impact on the viewer than that of a two-dimensional work of art.

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The use of perspective

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The three-dimensional _____________ is typically the most prominent line.

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artwork's silhouette

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______________ can be defined as a three-dimensional work of art.

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Sculpture

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_____________ A sculpture employing three-dimensions and meant to be viewed from any and all angles.

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Full round sculpture

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_____________ A sculpture employing three dimensions, raised from or attached to a background and meant to be seen from one side. Mount Rushmore is an example.

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Relief sculpture

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_____________ A sculpture, such as a mobile, in which the artist employs flat and elongated (almost two-dimensional) materials. Example: Vertical foliage, Alexander Calder, 1941

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Linear sculpture

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_________ is a representation of a person, animal, or event, often for celebratory or monumental purposes. Example: Felix de Welden's U.S. Marine Corps War Memorial (Iwo Jima Memorial) at Arlington National Cemetery

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Statue

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__________ is a significant person on horseback. Example: Rudolf Siemering's The Washington Monument in Philadelphia

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Equestrian sculpture

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A _______________ is a representation of a man or woman from the chest up. Example: Bust of Emperor Tiberius

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Bust

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A __________________ is a sculpture that features moving water. Example: Carl Milles Triton in Stockholm, Sweden

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Fountain

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A _______________ is a type of kinetic sculpture in which parts move, often by air currents. Example: Vertical foliage, Alexander Calder, 1941

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Mobile

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A ______________ is a type of sculpture which emphasizes the substances or materials from which it is made. Example: Maria Magdalena carved from precious gemstones.

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Glyptic

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An ______________ is a sculpture designed to make a statement and then cease to exist. Example: Christo and Jeanne-Claude's Wrapped Coast, One Million Square Feet, Little Bay, Australia (1968-69).

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Ephemeral sculpture

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______________ is when the sculptor molds or casts an artwork.

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Substitution

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In _______________ sculpture, the image is carved into the stone or material.

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sunken relief

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This type of sculpture is transitory, designed to make a statement.

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Ephemeral

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________________ is the science and art of designing buildings, environments, and other structures.

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Architecture

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Architects consider a variety of ______________ in creating successful structures.

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elements

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First and foremost, buildings need to withstand the external environment (wind, snow, rain, etc.) and they must be structurally sound (which is where engineering is required)

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Technical element

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Function represents the practical uses of the building and how that is reflected in its form.

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Functional element

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Architecture works with space.

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Use of space element

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What kind of artistic statement is the architect making?

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Artistic element

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An architectural style that emerged in the 1930s which stressed function and, with the use of new materials, designed buildings to have outside walls of materials such as glass, instead of large heavy walls.

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International Style

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The belief that architects should design a building based on the purpose of that building.

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Functionalism

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The inclusion or combination of several different styles in one composition or work of art.

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Eclecticism

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The size or apparent size of an object seen in relation to other objects, people, or its environment.

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Scale

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The relative relationship of shapes or forms to one another.

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Proportion

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A curved masonry structure capable of spanning a space while supporting significant weight.

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Arch

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A common structural element of architecture resembling the hollow upper half of a sphere.

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Dome

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A projecting beam or bracket stabilized by the weight of the wall from which it extends (such as a balcony). Example: Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater house (1935)

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Cantilever

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An architectural design where horizontal pieces or beams (lintels) are held up by vertical columns (posts).

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Post-and-lintel

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A decorative device generally placed at the top of a column as a transition for the eye as it moves from post (column) to lintel beam.

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Capital

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An architectural design where a wall supports itself, roof and floor.

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Bearing wall

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Construction where a skeletal framework (often steel cages) supports the structure.

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Skeleton frame

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Ability of a material to withstand bending.

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Tensile strength

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Ability of a material to withstand crushing.

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Compressive strength

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_____________________ is the design and construction of three-dimensional outdoor space for beauty and use.

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Landscape architecture

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A sculpture employing three-dimensions attached to a background and meant to be seen from one side is called:

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Relief sculpture

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Frederick Law Olmstead is known for his design of:

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Central Park (NYC)

question

A projecting beam or bracket stabilized by the weight of the wall from which it extends is called a:

answer

cantilever

question

______________ is when a sculptor shapes the material by hand.

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Manipulation

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Marcel Duchamp's Bicycle Wheel is an example of a:

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found object sculpture

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When a sculptor casts an artwork, he or she is using the process of _______________.

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Substitution

question

A kinetic sculpture in which parts move, often by air currents, is called:

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Mobile

question

All of the following are considered a key factor in landscape design.

answer

the function of the design those for whom the spaces are created the influence of the particular site and surroundings

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Architects who design buildings based on the purpose of the structure are following ___________________.

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Functionalism

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Variation

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how often an element is used and the relationship of one element to another.

question

__________________ is the representation of objects receding into the distance in two-dimensional art.

answer

Perspective

question

_____________ is a vivid water-based paint, usually applied to paper, with outstanding brilliance and translucence; also, term for resulting artwork.

answer

Watercolor

question

_______________ is the relative relationship of shapes or forms to one another in regards to size, height, width, length, or depth.

answer

Proportion

question

_________________ is the exact duplication of elements (shapes, forms, etc) on either side of a (usually imaginary) straight-lined central axis.

answer

Symmetry

question

________________ is the shape or mass of an object within an artwork or composition.

answer

Form

question

_______________ in printing, a technique in which the intended printing surface is left raised, with remaining areas cut away.

answer

Relief

question

________________________ is a mold from which a sculpture is cast.

answer

Negative

question

_______________________ is when a viewer considers foreground and background independently and recognizes the separation between them.

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Shifting perspective

question

_______________________ is the use of foreshortening and a vanishing point to create the illusion of depth.

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Linear perspective

question

_________________________________ is the use of light, atmosphere, and haziness to indicate depth or distance.

answer

Aerial or atmospheric perspective

question

________________ is a way of connecting the parts of a work of art.

answer

Articulation

question

____________________ is a sculptural relief in which forms extend from the background to at least half their depth.

answer

High relief

question

___________________ is a painting technique which originated in ancient times, using pigments mixed with melted beeswax as a binder.

answer

Encaustic

question

______________ is the perception of reflected or emitted light in terms of hue, value, and intensity.

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Color

question

_________________ is the recurrence of the same visual element in a work of art.

answer

Repetition

question

____________________ is when art is assembled from common every day items. Example: using a bike wheel or other object as art.

answer

Found object

question

Serigraphy

answer

a printing technique that forces ink through a stencil (image) on a screen stretched with a fine silk or similar fabric; also called silk-screening or screen-printing.

question

Linear sculpture

answer

a sculpture employing two-dimensional materials.

question

Scale

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the size or apparent size of an object seen in relation to other objects, people, or its environment.

question

____________________ is the place to which a viewer's eye is drawn in a work of art.

answer

Focal area

question

Unity

answer

when all elements in a work of art give a sense of oneness or self-contained completeness.

question

Drypoint

answer

a printmaking technique (intaglio) involving drawing directly onto the surface of a metal plate with a sharp, pointed tool, often with a diamond point.

question

Artistic Form

answer

elements (lines, shapes, colors) of a work of art organized to effect participants.

question

Weathering

answer

the effect of the weather/environment on the surface of an artwork.

question

Hue

answer

the common name of a color (red, blue, green, yellow) and its position in the spectrum or on the color wheel.

question

Collage

answer

a composition made of various materials (as paper, cloth, or wood) glued on a surface.

question

Graphite

answer

a soft form of carbon used in pencils.

question

Oil paint

answer

a paint made of color pigments mixed in slowly drying oil; its main binding agent for pigment is linseed oil.

question

Subtraction

answer

when the sculptor carves or cuts away unwanted material to create the work.

question

Fresco

answer

a painting technique that applies water-based paint to a wet-plaster surface; also, resulting artwork.

question

Value

answer

the relative lightness or darkness of color.

question

Balance

answer

a sense of equilibrium in an artwork, achieved through weight, attention, or attraction of visual elements.

question

Juxtaposition

answer

the side-by-side placement of objects in an artwork or composition.

question

Addition

answer

when a sculptor adds or combines material (sometimes called built sculpture).

question

Pastel

answer

a soft, colored chalk stick or crayon made of pigments and a gum binder, usually applied to paper; also, resulting artwork.

question

Gouache

answer

watercolor to which an opaque white has been added; also, resulting artwork.

question

Low Relief

answer

sculptural relief that projects very little from the background; also called bas-relief.

question

_______________ can be defined as an innate or learned ability to appreciate a work of art.

answer

Aesthetic perception

question

Artistic media

answer

are the materials (and techniques) employed to create works of art.

question

Media

answer

is the plural of medium.

question

Visual elements

answer

(line, form, color, space, and texture) are the basic visual material with which artists create works of art.

question

Visual principles

answer

(repetition, balance, unity, focal area) are ways artists arrange the elements to greatest effect.

question

Composition

answer

describes an artist's technique, or specific use of the general visual elements and principles.

question

Rule of Thirds

answer

holds that in a more interesting composition the focal point is not in the center but rather in an outlying area.

question

Pictorialism

answer

used soft focus, special filters and lens coatings, darkroom manipulation, and innovative printing processes to try to match the aesthetic effects of painting and printmaking. Alfred Stieglitz was a leading advocate of pictorialism.

question

Group f/64

answer

which included Ansel Adams, best known for his black-and-white photographs of the American West, advocated straight (or pure) photography, eschewing any manipulation, and looking to depict scenes as realistically as possible.

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