Army Weapons (M4, M9, M240B, M249)
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What is the FM concerning the M4 Rifle?
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FM 3-22.9
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What is the first thing you should do when you handle a weapon?
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Make sure you clear it
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Name the five phases in Basic Rifle Marksmanship.
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1. Preliminary Rifle Instruction 2. Downrange Feedback 3. Field Fire 4. Advanced Rifle Marksmanship 5. Advanced Optics, Laser and Iron Sights
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What is the purpose of a weaponeer?
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The weaponeer is capable of simulating all of the BRM live fire scenarios without firing rounds. Immediate feedback is available for critiquing the soldier's application of the integrated act offering while using the weaponeer device to include misfire procedures.
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What are the four fundamentals of marksmanship?
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1. Steady Position 2. Proper Aim (Sight Picture) 3. Breathing 4. Trigger Squeeze
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During Preliminary Marksmanship Training (PMI), what are the only two positions taught?
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1. Individual Foxhole supported 2. Basic Prone unsupported
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What are the two basic elements of the Sight Picture?
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1. Sight Alignment 2. Placing of the Aiming Point
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What does the acronym SPORTS stand for?
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Slap, Pull, Observe, Release, Tap and Shoot
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What is remedial action?
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Remedial action is the continuing effort to determine the cause for a stoppage ormal function and to try to clear the stoppage once it has been identified.
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Describe the proper procedures for applying remedial action with the M4.
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1. Try to place the weapon on safe 2. Remove the magazine 3. Lock the bolt to the rear 4. Place the weapon on safe if not already done
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Describe the proper procedure for applying immediate action with the M4.
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1. Slaps gently upward on the magazine to ensure it is fully seated, and the magazine follower is not jammed. 2. Pulls the charging handle fully to the rear. 3. Observes for the ejection of a live round or expended cartridge. (If the weapon fails to eject a cartridge, perform remedial action.) 4. Releases the charging handle (do not ride it forward). 5. Taps the forward assist assembly to ensure bolt closure. 6. Squeezes the trigger and tries to fire the rifle.
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What are the steps required in order to mechanically zero the M4?
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1. Adjust the front sight post (1) up or down until the base of the front sight post is flush with the front sight post housing (2). 2. Adjust the elevation knob (3) counterclockwise, when viewed from above, until the rear sight assembly (4) rests flush with the detachable carrying handle and the 6/3marking is aligned with the index line (5) on the left side of the carrying handle. 3. Position the apertures(6) so the unmarked aperture is up and the 0-200 meter aperture is down. Rotate the windage knob (7) to align the index mark (8) on the 0-200 meter aperture with the long center index line on the rear sight assembly.
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What are the steps required in order to battle sight zero the M4?
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1. Adjust the elevation knob (1) counterclockwise, when viewed from above, until the rear sight assembly (2) rests flush with the detachable carrying handle and the 6/3marking is aligned with the index line (3) on the left side of the detachable carrying handle. The elevation knob remains flush. 2. Position the apertures(4) so the unmarked aperture is up and the 0-200 meter aperture is down. Rotate the windage knob (5) to align the index mark (6) on the 0-200 meter aperture with the long center index line on the rear sight assembly.
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Is SPORTS an Immediate or Remedial Action?
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Immediate action
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What is immediate action?
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Immediate action involves quickly applying a possible correction to reduce a stoppage without performing troubleshooting procedures to determine the actual cause.(SPORTS)
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How many times should immediate action be applied to a weapon?
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Once. (If Rifle still fails to fire, apply remedial action)
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What is a malfunction?
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The weapon ceasing to fire due to a stoppage resulting from mechanical failure of the weapon, magazine or ammo.
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Name the different categories of malfunctions for the M4 Rifle.
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1. Failure to feed, chamber or lock 2. Failure to fire cartridge 3. Failure to Extract 4. Failure to Eject
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What is stoppage?
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A stoppage is a failure of an automatic or semiautomatic firearm to complete the cycle of operation.
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How do you clear a stoppage?
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Apply immediate or remedial action
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What is the definition of Maximum Effective Range?
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The greatest distance at which a soldier may be expected to deliver a target hit.
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What does CLP stand for?
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Cleaner - It contains solvents that dissolve firing residue and carbon. Lubricant - It lays down a layer of teflon as it dries to provide lubrication. Preservative - It prevents rust from Forming.
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Describe the M4 Rifle.
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A 5.56 mm, magazine fed, gas-operated, air-cooled, semiautomatic or three-round burst, hand-held, shoulder-fired weapon.
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What are the 7 types of ammunition that can be used with the M4 Rifle?
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1. M193 - Ball 2. M196 - Trace 3. M199 - Dummy 4. M200 - Blank (Violet tip and 7 petal rose crimp) 5. M855 - Ball (Green Tip) 6. M856 - Tracer (Red Tip) 7. M862 - Short Range Training Ammunition (Plastic with a Blue Tip)
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Describe the weights of the M4 Rifle without mgazine and sling, with sling and loaded 20 round magazine and with sling and loaded 30 round magazine.
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Without Magazine and Sling - 6.49 pounds With Sling and a loaded 20 round magazine - 7.19 pounds With Sling and a loaded 30 round magazine - 7.50 pounds
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Describe the max effective rates of fire for the M4 Rifle.
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Semiautomatic - 45 rounds per minute Burst - 90 rounds per minute Sustained - 12-15 rounds per minute
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What is the muzzle velocity of the M4 Rifle?
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2,970 feet per second
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Describe the ranges for the M4 Rifle.
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Maximum Range - 3,600 meters Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 500 meters Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 600 meters
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Describe the Barrel Rifling for the M4 Rifle
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Right hand twist 1/7
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What is the basic load of ammunition for the M4?
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210 Rounds total. (7 magazines with 30 rounds in each)
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The elevation knob adjusts the point of aim for the M4 Rifle how much?
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300 to 600 meters
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What is the overall length of the M4 Rifle?
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Buttstock Closed - 29.75 inches Buttstock Open - 33.00 inches
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What are the four positions for the buttstock of the M4 Rifle?
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1. Closed 2. 1/2 Open 3. 3/4 Open 4. Full Open
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What are the 8 steps in the functioning of the M4 rifle?
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1. Feeding 2. Chambering 3. Locking 4. Firing 5. Unlocking 6. Extract ing 7. Ejecting 8. Cocking
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What part of the M4 Rail Adapter System may be removed to perform PMCS?
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Only the Lower Assembly
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Describe the procedures for clearing the M4 Rifle.
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Point SAFE DIRECTION. Attempt to place on SAFE. If weapon is not cocked, lever cannot be placed on SAFE. Remove the magazine. Lock bolt open.. If you have not done so before, place the selector lever on SAFE. Visually inspect the receiver and chamber to ensure these areas contain no ammo. With on SAFE, allow the bolt to go forward by pressing the upper portion of the bolt catch. Place on SEMI and squeeze the trigger. Pull the charging handle fully rearward and release it. Place on SAFE. Close the ejection port cover.
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How do you perform a functions check on the M4 Rifle?
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1. Place the selector lever on safe. If the selector switch will not go on safe, pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Place the selector lever on safe. Pull the trigger to the rear, the hammer should not fall. 2. Place the selector lever on semi. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. The hammer should fall. While holding the trigger to the rear, pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again. The hammer should fall. 3. Place the selector lever on burst. Pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. The hammer should fall. While holding the trigger to the rear, pull the charging handle to the rear three times and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again. The hammer should fall.
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What is the weight of the M9 pistol with an empty magazine?
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2.1 Pounds
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Describe the M9 pistol.
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The M9 pistol is a 9-mm, semiautomatic, magazine fed, recoil-operation, double-action weapon chambered for the 9-mm cartridge.
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Describe the magazine for the M9.
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A standard staggered box magazine designed to hold 15 rounds
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What is the weight of the M9 pistol with a 15 round magazine?
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2.6 pounds
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What is the basic load of ammunition for the M9?
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45 Rounds
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How many rounds can a magazine designed for the M9 hold?
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15 Rounds
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What are the two types of ammunition used by the M9?
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1. Cartridge, 9-mm ball, M882 with/without cannelure). 2. Cartridge, 9-mm dummy, M917.
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What Field Manual covers the M9?
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FM 3-23.35
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What are the proper clearing procedures for the M9?
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1. Place the decocking/safety lever in the SAFE down position. 2. Hold the pistol in the raised pistol position. 3. Depress the magazine release button and remove the magazine from the pistol. 4. Pull the slide to the rear and remove any chambered round. 5. Push the slide stop up, locking the slide to the rear. 6. Look into the chamber to ensure that it is empty.
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What are the steps required to perform a function check for the M9?
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1. Clear the pistol in accordance with the unloading procedures. 2. Depress the slide stop, letting the slide go forward. 3. Insert an empty magazine into the pistol. 4. Retract the slide fully and release it. The slide should lock to the rear. 5. Depress the magazine release button and remove the magazine. 6. Ensure the decocking/safety lever is in the SAFE position. 7. Depress the slide stop. When the slide goes forward, the hammer should fall to the forward position. 8. Squeeze and release the trigger. The firing pin block should move up and down and the hammer should not move. 9. Place the decocking/safety lever in the fire POSITION. 10. Squeeze the trigger to check double action. The hammer should cock and fall. 11. Squeeze the trigger again. Hold it to the rear. Manually retract and release the slide. Release the trigger. A click should be heard and the hammer should not fall. 12. Squeeze the trigger to check the single action. The hammer should fall.
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What are the steps to the cycle of operation of the M9?
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1. Feeding 2. Chambering 3. Locking 4. Firing 5. Unlocking 6. Extract ing 7. Ejecting 8. Cocking
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How do you perform immediate action for the M9?
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1. Ensure the decocking/safety lever is in the FIRE position. 2. Squeeze the trigger again. 3. If the pistol does not fire, ensure that the magazine is fully seated, retract the slide to the rear, and release. 4. Squeeze the trigger. 5. If the pistol again does not fire, remove the magazine and retract the slide to eject the chambered cartridge. Insert a new magazine, retract the slide, and release to chamber another cartridge. 6. Squeeze the trigger. 7. If the pistol still does not fire, perform remedial action.
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How do you perform remedial action for the M9?
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1. Clear the pistol. 2. Inspect the pistol for the cause of the stoppage. 3. Correct the cause of the stoppage, load the pistol, and fire. 4. If the pistol again fails to fire, disassemble it for closer inspection, cleaning, and lubrication.
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What are the major components of the M9?
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Slide and Barrel assembly Recoil spring and Recoil Spring guide Barrel and LockingBlock Assembly Receiver Magazine
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What is the maximum range of the M9?
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1800 meters
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What is the maximum effective range of the M9?
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50 meters
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What are the three safety features found on the M9?
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1. Decocking 2. Safety Lever 3. Firing Pin Block
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What is the weight of the M240B?
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Approximately 27.6 pounds
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What Field Manual covers the M240B?
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FM 3-22.68 Chapter 3
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Describe the M240B.
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The M240B is a belt-fed, air-cooled, gas-operated, fully automatic machine gun that fires from the open bolt position.
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What is the sustained rate of fire for the M240B?
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100 Rounds per minute fired in 6 to 9 round bursts and 4 to 5 seconds between bursts. Barrel change every 10 minutes.
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What is the rapid rate of fire for the M240B?
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200 Rounds per minute fired in 10 to 13 round bursts and 2 to 3 seconds between bursts. Barrel change every 2 minutes.
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What is the cyclic rate of fire for the M240B?
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650 to 950 Rounds per minute fired in continuous bursts. Barrel change every minute.
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What is the maximum range of the M240B?
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3725 meters
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What is the maximum effective range of the M240B with tripod and T&E?
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1100 meters
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What is the maximum effective range of the M240B for an area target?
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Tripod -1,100 meters Bipod - 800 meters
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What is the maximum effective range of the M240B for a point target?
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Tripod - 800 meters Bipod - 600 meters
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What is the length of the M240B?
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49 inches
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What is the maximum tracer burnout for the M240B?
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900 meters
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What types of ammunition can be used with M240B?
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M80 - Ball M61 - Armor Piercing M62 - Tracer M63 - Dummy M82 - Blank
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What are the proper clearing procedures for the M240B?
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1. Move the safety to the fire \"F\" position. 2. With his right hand, (palm up) pulls the cocking handle to the rear, ensuring the bolt is locked to the rear (bipod mode). 3. Return the cocking handle to its forward position. 4. Place the safety on safe \"S.\" 5. Raise the cover assembly and conduct the four-point safety check for brass, links, or ammunition. Check the feed pawl assembly under the cover. Check the feed tray. Lift the feed tray and inspects the chamber. Check the space between the face of the bolt and chamber to include the space under the bolt and operating rod assembly. 6. Close the feed tray and cover assembly and place the safety to the fire \"F\" position. Pull cocking handle to the rear, and pull the trigger while manually riding the bolt forward. Close the ejection port cover.
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What are the proper procedures for performing a function check on the M240B?
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1. Places the safety on \"F.\" 2. Pulls the cocking handle to the rear, locking the bolt to the rear of the receiver. 3. Returns the cocking handle to the forward position. 4. Places the safety on \"S,\" and closes the cover. 5. Pulls the trigger. (Bolt should not go forward). 6. Places the safety on \"F.\" 7. Pulls the cocking handle to the rear, pulls the trigger, and rides the bolt forward. 8. Closes the ejection port cover.
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What is the maximum range of the M249 (SAW)?
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3,600 meters
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What is the maximum effective range of the M249 with tripod and T+E?
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1,000 meters
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What is the maximum range of the M249 against an area target for both tripod and bipod?
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Tripod -1,000 meters Bipod -800 meters
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What is the maximum range of the M249 against a point target for both tripod and bipod?
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Tripod -800 meters Bipod -600 meters
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What does S.A.W. stand for?
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Squad Automatic Weapon
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What is the weight of the M249?
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16.41 pounds
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What is the basic load of ammunition for the M249?
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1,000 rounds (in 200 round drums)
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What is the length of the M249
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40.87 inches
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Describe the M249.
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The M249 machine gun is a gas-operated, air-cooled, belt or magazine-fed, automatic weapon that fires from the open-bolt position.
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What FM covers the M249?
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FM 3-22.68
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What are the rates of fire for the M249?
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Sustained rate is 100 rounds per minute Rapid rate is 200 rounds per minute Cyclic rate is 650 to 850 rounds per minute
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What are the proper procedures for clearing the M249?
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1. Moves the safety to the fire \"F\" position by pushing it to the left until the red ring is visible. 2. With his right hand,palm up, pulls the cocking handle to the rear, locking the bolt in place. 3. While holding the resistance on the cocking handle, moves the safety to the SAFE position by pushing it to the right until the red ring is not visible. (The weapon cannot be placed on safe unless the bolt is locked to the rear.) 4. Returns and locks the cocking handle in the forward position. 5. Raises the cover andfeed mechanism assembly, and conducts the five-point safety check for brass,links, or ammunition: (1)Checks the feed pawl assembly under the feed cover. (2)Checks the feed tray assembly. (3)Lifts the feed tray assembly and inspects the chamber. (4)Checks the space between the bolt assembly and the chamber. (5)Inserts two fingers of his left hand in the magazine well to extract any ammunition or brass. 6. Closes the cover and feed mechanism assembly and moves the safety to the \"F\" position. With his right hand, palm up, returns the cocking handle to the rear position. Presses the trigger and at the same time eases the bolt forward by manually riding the cocking handle forward.
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What are the 8 major groups of the M249?
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1. Operating Rod Group 2. Barrel Group 3. Handguard Group 4. Buttstock and Buffer Assembly Group 5. Trigger Mechanism Group 6. Gas Cylinder Group 7. Bipod Group 8. Receiver Group
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The M249 is loaded, fired, unloaded and cleared from what bolt position?
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The open bolt position
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What are the steps to the cycle of functioning for the M249?
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Feeding Chambering Locking Firing Unlocking Extract ing Cocking
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How do you adjust for windage with the M249?
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Adjustments for windage are made by traversing the rear sight right and left along the sliding scale.
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How do you adjust for elevation with the M249?
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Adjustments for elevation (range) require the automatic rifleman to turn the elevation knob (closest to the buttstock) on the rear sight to the desired range setting.
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Name 3 assault firing positions used with the M249
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1. Shoulder 2. Hip 3. Underarm
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What are two unique features of the M249?
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It has a regulator to change the rate of fire, and it is fed by M16 magazines as well as belt fed
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What is the M2 .50 Cal machine gun used for?
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Defend against low-flying hostile aircraft, support the infantryman in both attack and defense, destroy lightly armored vehicles, provide protection for motor movements, vehicle parks and train bivouacs, and reconnaissance by fire on suspected enemy positions
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What is the weight of the M2 .50 Cal machine gun?
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84 lbs
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Which FM covers the M2 .50 Cal?
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FM 3-22.65
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What is the importance of correct head space adjustment on the .50 Cal machine gun?
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Incorrect head space adjustment can cause a malfunction of the gun and lead to sluggish operation or failure to function freely.
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What is the length of the barrel of the .50 Cal?
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45 inches
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What is the maximum range of the .50 Cal?
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6,764 meters
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What is the muzzle velocity of the .50 Cal?
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3,050 ft per sec
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What is the description of the .50 Cal, HB, M2 Machine Gun?
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The Browning machine gun caliber .50 HB, M2 is a belt-fed, recoil-operated,air-cooled, crew-served machine gun. The gun is capable of single shot, as well as automatic fire, and operates on the short recoil principle.
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What is the maximum effective range of the .50 Cal against point and area targets?
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Point targets Single shot- 1,500 meters Area shot- 1,830 meters
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To control the rate of fire on the M2, the gunner may use what methods of fire?
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Single shot Slow Rapid Cyclic
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Describe the Single Shot method of fire on the M2 .50 Cal.
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Place the gun in the single-shot mode and engage the target with aimed shots. The machine gun is accurate out to 1,500 meters.
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Describe the Slow method of fire on the M2 .50 Cal.
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Slow fire consists of less than 40 rounds per minute, in bursts of five to seven rounds, fired at 10- to 15-second intervals.
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Describe the Rapid method of fire on the M2 .50 Cal.
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Rapid fire consists of more than 40 rounds per minute, fired in bursts of five to seven rounds, at 5- to 10-second intervals.
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Describe the Cyclic method of fire on the M2 .50 Cal.
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Cyclic fire is when the weapon fires 450 to 550 rounds per minute.
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What is the length of the .50 Cal, overall?
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Approximately 65.13 inches
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What is the cyclic rate of fire of the M2 .50 Cal?
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450-550rounds a minute
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What type of front sight does the M2 .50 Cal have?
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A semi-fixed blade type with cover
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What type of rear sight does the M2 .50 Cal have?
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A leaf type rear sight graduated in both yards and mils
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What are the common malfunctions of the M2 .50 Cal?
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Failure to function freely Uncontrolled automatic fire
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What are the common stoppages of the M2 .50 Cal?
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Failure to feed Chamber Lock Fire Unlock Extract Eject Cock
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What are the ten major components and assemblies of the M2 .50 Cal?
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1. Barrel Group 2. Carrier Assembly 3. Back plate Group 4. Receiver Group 5. Bolt Stud 6. Cover Group 7. Barrel Buffer Body 8. Barrel extension group 9. Bolt Group 10. Driving Spring Rod Assembly
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What are the proper procedures for performing immediate action on the M2 .50 Cal?
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If machine gun fails to fire, take the following action: 1. Wait 5 seconds; a hang fire may be causing the misfire. In the next 5 seconds, pull the bolt to the rear (check for ejection and feeding of belt), release it, re-lay on the target, and attempt to fire. If the bolt-latch release and trigger are depressed at the same time, the bolt goes forward and the weapon should fire automatically. 2. If the gun again fails to fire, wait another 5 seconds, pull the bolt to the rear (engage with the bolt latch if applicable), and return the retract ing slide handle to its forward position. Open the cover and remove the belted ammunition. Inspect the gun to determine the cause of stoppage. A hang fire or cook off can cause injury to personnel or damage to the weapon. To avoid these, the gunner must take the following precautions: 1. Always keep the round locked in the chamber the first 5 seconds after a misfire occurs. This prevents an explosion outside of the gun in event of a hang fire. 2. If the barrel is hot, the round must be extracted within the next 5 seconds to prevent a cook off. When more than 150 rounds have been fired in a 2-minute period, the barrel is hot enough to produce a cook off. 3. If the barrel is hot and the round cannot be extracted within the 10 seconds, it must remain locked in the chamber for at least 5 minutes, to guard against a cook off. 4. Keep the gun cover closed during the waiting periods.
