question

The "real heart" of the progressive movement was the effort by reformers to

answer

use the government as an agency of human welfare

question

The political roots of the progressive movement lay in the

answer

greenback labor party and the populists

question

Match each late-nineteenth-century social critic below with the target of his criticism. A. Thorstein Veblen B. Jack London C. Jacob Riis D. Henry Demarest Lloyd 1. "bloated trusts" 2. slum conditions 3. "conspicuous consumption" 4. destruction of nature

answer

A:3, B:4, C:2, D:1

question

Progressivism

answer

was less a minority movement and more a majority mood. strong political overtones, and it rejected the church as the driving force for change

question

Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of

answer

essentially an extension of women's traditional roles as wives and mothers

question

Match each early-twentieth-century muckraker below with the target of his or her exposé. A. David G. Phillips B. Ida Tarbell C. Lincoln Steffens D. Ray Stannard Baker 1. the United States Senate 2. the Standard Oil Company 3. city governments 4. the condition of blacks

answer

A:1, B:2, C:3, D:4

question

Lincoln Steffens, in his series of articles entitled "The Shame of the Cities,"

answer

unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government.

question

The muckrakers signified much about the nature of the progressive reform movement because they

answer

sought not to overthrow capitalism but to cleanse it with democratic controls

question

Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on social ills was to

answer

make the public aware of social problems

question

The leading progressive organization advocating prohibition of liquor was

answer

women's christian temperance union

question

Progressive reformers were mainly men and women from the

answer

middle class who felt pressure from new giant corporations, restless immigrant hordes, and the aggressive labor unions

question

Political progressivism

answer

emerged in both major parties, in all regions, at all levels of government

question

According to progressives, the cure for all of American democracy's ills was

answer

more democracy

question

To regain the power that the people had lost to the "interests," progressives advocated all of the following

answer

initiative, referendum,recall, direct election of U.S. senators

question

All of the following were prime goals of earnest progressives

answer

to use state power to curb the trusts and to stem the socialist threat by generally improving the common person's conditions of life and labor, rooting out graft

question

The progressive movement was instrumental in getting the Seventeenth amendment added to the Constitution, which provided for _______________

answer

direct election of United States senators

question

The settlement house and women's club movements were crucial centers of female progressive activity because they

answer

exposed middle-class women to problems in cities: poverty, corruption, and conditions

question

the following was among the issues addressed by women in the progressive movement?

answer

preventing child labor in factories and sweatshops, creating pensions for mothers with dependent children, insuring that food products were healthy and safe, attacking tuberculosis and other diseases bred in slum tenements except: ending special regulations governing women in the workplace

question

In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court upheld the principle promoted by progressives like Florence Kelley and Louis Brandeis that

answer

female workers required special protection on the job

question

The public outcry after the horrible Triangle Shirtwaist fire led many states to pass

answer

restrictions on female employment in the clothing industry

question

The case of Lochner v. New York represented a setback for progressives and labor advocates because the Supreme Court in its ruling

answer

declaring a law limiting work to 10 hours a day unconstitutional

question

The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government

answer

was designed to remove politics from municipal administration

question

Progressive reform at the level of city government seemed to indicate that the progressives' highest priority was

answer

government efficiency, city commission Giving people more direct power over government

question

While president, Theodore Roosevelt chose to label his reform proposals as the

answer

square deal

question

As a part of his reform program, Teddy Roosevelt advocated all of the following

answer

control of corporations, consumer protection and conservation of natural resources

question

Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by

answer

threatening to seize mines and operate them with federal troops if mediation wasn't accepted

question

The Elkins and Hepburn acts dealt with the subject of

answer

railroad regulation

question

Teddy Roosevelt believed that trusts

answer

were here to stay with their efficient means of production

question

The real purpose of Teddy Roosevelt's assault on trusts was to

answer

prove that government ruled the city

question

President Roosevelt believed that the federal government should adopt a policy of _______________ trusts.

answer

regulating

question

Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act was especially facilitated by the publication of

answer

Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle".

question

When Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, he intended his book to focus attention on the

answer

plight of workers in the canning factories, not the processing of food

question

Of the following legislation aimed at resource conservation, the only one associated with Roosevelt's presidency was the

answer

Newlands Act

question

According to the text, Teddy Roosevelt's most enduring achievement may have been

answer

his efforts supporting conservation/environment

question

Teddy Roosevelt weakened himself politically after his election in 1904 when he

answer

announced that he would not be a candidate for a third term as president.

question

The panic of 1907 stimulated reform in _______________ policy.

answer

banking

question

Theodore Roosevelt is probably most accurately described as

answer

middle of the road politician

question

As president, William Howard Taft

answer

was wedded more to the status quo than to change.

question

President Taft's foreign policy was dubbed

answer

dollar diplomacy

question

The Supreme Court's "rule of reason" in antitrust law was handed down in a case involving*

answer

Standard Oil

question

When Jane Addams placed Teddy Roosevelt's name in nomination for the presidency in 1912, it

answer

symbolized the rising political status of women, as well as Progressive support for the cause of social justice

question

Teddy Roosevelt's New Nationalism*

answer

campaigned for stronger control of trusts, woman suffrage, and programs of social welfare.

question

Match each 1912 presidential candidate below with his political party. A. Woodrow Wilson B. Theodore Roosevelt C. William Howard Taft D. Eugene V. Debs 1. Socialist 2. Democratic 3. Republican 4. Progressive

answer

A:2, B:4, C:3, D:1

question

The Sixteenth Amendment provided for

answer

a personal income tax

question

The Clayton Anti—Trust Act

answer

explicitly legalized strikes and peaceful picketing

question

Because of the benefits that it conferred on labor, Samuel Gompers called the _______________ "labor's Magna Charta."

answer

The Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914

question

The first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court, appointed by Woodrow Wilson, was

answer

Louis Brandeis

question

Woodrow Wilson showed the limits of his progressivism by

answer

accelerating the segregation of African Americans in the federal bureaucracy

question

Woodrow Wilson's early efforts to conduct an anti—imperialist U. S. foreign policy were first undermined when he

answer

sent american marines to Haiti

question

Which term best characterizes Woodrow Wilson's approach to American foreign policy diplomacy?

answer

moralistic

question

President Woodrow Wilson refused to intervene in the affairs of Mexico until

answer

a small party of American sailors was accidentally captured by the Mexicans, Wilson ordered the navy to seize the Mexican port of Vera Cruz.

question

Before his first term ended, Woodrow Wilson had militarily intervened in or purchased all of the following countries

answer

Mexico....

question

Woodrow Wilson's administration refused to extend formal diplomatic recognition to the government in Mexico headed by

answer

Huerta government,He dismissed Pancho Villa and helped the Carranza cause.

question

As World War I began in Europe, the alliance system placed Germany and Austria—Hungary as leaders of the _______________, while Russia and France were among the _______________.

answer

central powers, allied powers

question

From 1914 to 1916, trade between the United States and Britain

answer

pulled the American economy out of a recession.

question

With the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the great majority of Americans

answer

earnestly hoped to stay out of war

question

One primary effect of World War I on the United States was that it

answer

conducted an immense amount of trade with the Allies.

question

President Wilson insisted that he would hold _______________ to "strict accountability" for _______________.

answer

Germany; the loss of American ships and lives to submarine warfare

question

German submarines began sinking unarmed and unresisting merchant and passenger ships without warning

answer

in retaliation for the British naval blockade of Germany

question

Which of the following American passenger liners was sunk by German submarines?

answer

lusitiania

question

The Progressive "Bull Moose" party died when

answer

TR refused to run as the party's presidential candidate in 1916

question

In the Sussex pledge, Germany promised

answer

not to sink passenger ships without warning

question

When Woodrow Wilson won reelection in 1916, he received strong support from the

answer

working class

question

President Wilson broke diplomatic relations with Germany when

answer

they announced that they would wage unrestricted sub warfare in the Atlantic

question

The Zimmermann note involved a proposed secret agreement between

answer

Germany and Mexico

question

The United States declared war on Germany

answer

after German U-Boats sank 4 unarmed American merchant vessels

question

President Woodrow Wilson persuaded the American people to enter World War I by

answer

pledging to make the war "a war to end all wars" and to make the world safe for democracy

question

President Wilson viewed America's entry into World War I as an opportunity for the United States to

answer

to shape a new international order based on the ideals of democracy

question

the following was among Wilson's Fourteen Points upon which he based America's idealistic foreign policy in World War I?

answer

reduction of armaments, abolition of secret treaties, a new international organization to guarantee collective security, and the principle of national self-determination for subject peoples.

question

The major problem for George Creel and his Committee on Public Information was that

answer

he oversold Wilson's ideals and led the world to expect too much

question

Match each civilian administrator below with the World War I mobilization agency that he directed. A. George Creel B. Herbert Hoover C. Bernard Baruch D. William Howard Taft 1. War Industries Board 2. Committee on Public Information 3. Food Administration 4. National War Labor Board

answer

A:2, B:3, C:1, D:4

question

When the United States entered World War I, it was

answer

not ready for its leap into global war

question

During World I, civil liberties in America were

answer

denied to many, especially those suspected of disloyalty

question

Two constitutional amendments adopted in part because of wartime influences were the Eighteenth, which dealt with _______________, and the Nineteenth, whose subject was _______________.

answer

prohibition; woman suffrage

question

As a result of their work supporting the war effort, women

answer

finally received the right to vote

question

During World War I, the government's treatment of labor could be best described as

answer

fair..

question

The two groups who suffered most from the violaton of civil liberties during World War I were

answer

German Americans and social radicals.

question

Grievances of labor during and shortly after World War I include all of the following

answer

the inability to gain the right to organize, war spawned inflation, and violence against workers by employers

question

The 1919 steel strike resulted in

answer

The movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks north during WWI resulted in

question

The movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks north during WWI resulted in

answer

racial violence in the North

question

Most wartime mobilization agencies relied on _______________ to prepare the economy for war.

answer

voluntary compliance

question

Most of the money raised to finance World War I came from

answer

loans

question

In an effort to make economic mobilization more efficient during World War I, the federal government took over and operated

answer

the railroads

question

The United States used all of the following methods to support the war effort

answer

forcing some people to buy war bonds, having "meatless and wheatless" days, and seizing enemy merchant vessels trapped in American harbors

question

The World War I military draft

answer

...

question

When the United States entered the war in 1917, most Americans did not believe that

answer

it would be necessary to send a large American army to Europe

question

Those who protested conscription during World War I did so because

answer

hey disliked the idea of compelling a person to serve

question

During World War I, American troops fought in all of the following countries

answer

Russia, Belgium and Italy

question

The two major battles of World War I in which United States forces engaged were

answer

St. Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive.

question

Russia's withdrawal from World War I in 1918 resulted in

answer

the release of thousands of German troops for deployment on the front in France

question

The supreme military commander of American forces during World War I was

answer

General John J. Pershing.

question

The Second Battle of the Marne was significant because it

answer

marked the beginning of a German withdrawal that was never reversed

question

As a condition of ending World War I, Woodrow Wilson demanded that

answer

the German Kaiser be forced from power

question

The United States' main contributions to the Allied victory in World War I included all of the following

answer

foodstuffs, oil, munitions, and morale

question

The Germans were heavily demoralized by

answer

the US troop reserves

question

The chief difference between Woodrow Wilson and the parliamentary statesmen at the Paris peace table was that Wilson

answer

did not command a legislative majority at home

question

Woodrow Wilson's ultimate goal at the Paris Peace Conference was to

answer

establish the League of Nations

question

At the Paris Peace Conference, Wilson sought all of the following goals

answer

preventing a seizure of territory by the victors, a world parliament of nations to provide collective security, national self-determination for smaller European nations, free trade and freedom of the seas. except:an end to the European colonial empires in Africa and Asia.

question

Opposition to the League of Nations by many United States Senators during the Paris Peace Conference

answer

gave the Allied leaders in Paris a stronger bargaining position

question

After the Treaty of Versailles had been signed, Woodrow Wilson

answer

wilson was condemned by disillusioned liberals and frustrated imperialists

question

In the United States, the most controversial aspect of the Treaty of Versailles was

answer

after the Treaty of Versailles had been signed

question

The initial Republican strategy regarding the Treaty of Versailles was to

answer

delay and amend the treaty.

question

Senate opponents of the League of Nations as proposed in the Treaty of Versailles argued that it

answer

robbed Congress of its war-declaring powers.

question

In Congress, the most reliable support for Wilson's position on the League of Nations came from

answer

democrats

question

The Senate likely would have accepted American participation in the League of Nations if Wilson had

answer

been willing to compromise with the League opponents in Congress

question

Who was finally most responsible for the Senate defeat of the Treaty of Versailles?

answer

isolationists

question

Woodrow Wilson's call for a "solemn referendum" in 1920 referred to

answer

his attempt to use the presidential election of 1920 to gain support for the Treaty of Versailles but it became a death sentence for the League of Nations

question

Republican isolationists successfully turned Warren Harding's 1920 presidential victory into a

answer

death sentence for the League.

question

The major weakness of the League of Nations was that it

answer

did not include the US

question

The red scare of 1919-1920 was provoked by

answer

the public's association of labor violence with its fear of a communist revolution

question

Disillusioned by war and peace, Americans in the 1920s did all of the following

answer

denounce "radical" foreign ideas, condemn "un-American" life-styles, shun diplomatic commitments to foreign countries, restrict immigration except: enter a decade of economic difficulties.

question

Business people used the red scare to

answer

break the backs of fledging unions.

question

The most tenacious pursuer of "radical" elements during the red scare was

answer

Mitchell Palmer

question

The post-World War I Ku Klux Klan advocated all of the following

answer

fundamentalist religion, opposition to birth control, repression of pacifists, anti-Catholicism except:opposition to prohibition

question

The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a reaction against

answer

reaction against the forces of diversity and modernity that were transforming American culture.

question

Immigration restrictions of the 1920s were introduced as a result of

answer

the nativist belief that northern Europeans were superior to southern and eastern Europeans.

question

"Cultural pluralists" like Horace Kallen and Randolph generally advocated that

answer

immigrants should be able to retain their traditional cultures rather than blend into a single American "melting pot."

question

The immigration quota system adopted in the 1920s discriminated directly against

answer

Southern and Eastern Europeans

question

One of the primary obstacles to working class solidarity and organization in America was

answer

ethnic diversity

question

Enforcement of the Volstead Act met the strongest resistance from

answer

eastern city dwellers.

question

The religion of almost all Polish immigrants to America was

answer

Roman Catholicism

question

Many Polish peasants learned about America from all of the following sources except

answer

agents from U.S. railroads, letters from friends and relative, agents from steamship lines, Polish American business people except: Catholic missionaries

question

Most Americans assumed that prohibition

answer

would be permanent

question

The most spectacular example of lawlessness and gangsterism in the 1920s was

answer

Chicago

question

John Dewey can rightly be called the "father of ____________________."

answer

progressive educatio

question

According to John Dewey, a teacher's primary goal is to

answer

educate a student for life

question

Of the following, the one least related to the other four is

answer

Frederick W. Taylor

question

The trial of John Scopes in 1925 centered on the issue of

answer

teaching evolution in public schools

question

After the Scopes "Monkey Trial,"

answer

fundamentalist religion remained a vibrant force in American spiritual life.

question

All of the following helped to make the prosperity of the 1920s possible

answer

rapid expansion of capital, increased productivity of workers, perfection of assembly-line production, advertising and credit buying. except: government stimulation of the economy

question

The main problem faced by American manufacturers in the 1920s involved

answer

developing expanded markets of people to buy their products

question

Bruce Barton, author of The Man Nobody Knows, expressed great admiration for Jesus Christ because Barton

answer

believed that Christ was the best advertising man of all time.

question

The prosperity that developed in the 1920s

answer

was accompanied by a cloud of consumer debt

question

Among the major figures promoted by mass media image makers and the new "sports industry" in the 1920s were

answer

Babe Ruth and Jack Dempsey

question

Henry Ford's contribution to the automobile industry was

answer

relatively cheap automobiles

question

Frederick W. Taylor, a prominent inventor and engineer, was best known for his

answer

promotion of industrial efficiency and scientific management

question

the following was among the industries that prospered mightily with widespread use of the automobile

answer

rubber, highway construction, oil, glass except: aluminum

question

The automobile revolution resulted in all of the following

answer

the consolidation of schools, the spread of suburbs, a loss of population in less attractive states, altered youthful sexual behavior. except: the increased dependence of women on men

question

Charles Lindbergh's solo flight across the Atlantic made him an American hero especially because

answer

his wholesome youthfulness contrasted with the cynicism and debunking of the jazz age

question

The first "talkie" motion picture was

answer

The Jazz Singer

question

With the advent of radio and motion pictures,

answer

much of the rich diversity of immigrant culture was lost.

question

Automobiles, radios, and motion pictures

answer

contributed to the standardization of American life

question

The 1920 census revealed that for the first time most

answer

americans lived in cities

question

Margaret Sanger was most noted for her advocacy of

answer

birth control

question

Job opportunities for women in the 1920s

answer

tended to cluster in a few low-paying field

question

To justify their new sexual frankness, many Americans pointed to

answer

the theories of Sigmund Freud

question

Jazz music was developed by

answer

American blacks

question

Marcus Garvey, founder of the United Negro Improvement Association, is known for all of the following except

answer

promoting the resettlement of American blacks in Africa, cultivating feelings of self-confidence and self-reliance among blacks, being sent to prison after a conviction for fraud, promoting black-owned businesses. except: establishing the idea of the talented tenth to lead African Americans.

question

Match each literary figure below with the correct work. A. Ernest Hemingway B. F. Scott Fitzgerald C. Sinclair Lewis D. William Faulkner 1. The Sun Also Rises 2. Main Street 3. The Sound and the Fury 4. The Great Gatsby

answer

A:1, B:4, C:2, D:3

question

Buying stock "on margin" meant

answer

purchasing it with a small down paymen

question

Which of the following was not among prominent African American cultural figures of the 1920s?

answer

Joseph "King" Oliver, "Jelly Roll" Morton, Langston Hughes, W.C. Handy. except: Ralph Ellison.

question

As secretary of the treasury, Andrew Mellon placed the tax burden on the

answer

middle-income groups

question

Warren G. Harding's weaknesses as president included all of the following except a(n)

answer

mediocre mind, inability to detect moral weaknesses in his associates, unwillingness to hurt people's feelings by saying no, administrative weakness. except: lack of political experience

question

Match each member of President Harding's cabinet below with his major area of responsibility. A. Charles Evans Hughes B. Andrew Mellon C. Herbert Hoover D. Harry Daugherty E. Albert Fall 1. taxes and tariffs 2. naval oil reserves 3. naval arms limitation 4. foreign trade and trade associations 5. justice and law enforcement

answer

A:3, B:1, C:4, D:2, E:5

question

Which one of the following members of President Harding's cabinet proved to be incompetent and corrupt?

answer

Albert Fall

question

Republican economic policies under Warren G. Harding

answer

hoped to encourage the government actively to assist business along the path to profits.

question

During the 1920s, the Supreme Court

answer

often ruled against progressive legislation

question

_______________ was (were) adversely affected by the demobilization policies adopted by the federal government at the end of World War I.

answer

organized labor

question

The Supreme Court cases of Muller and Adkins centered on

answer

the question of whether women merited special legal and social treatment.

question

The nonbusiness group that realized the most significant, lasting gains from World War I was

answer

veterans

question

One exception to President Warren G. Harding's policy of isolationism involved in the Middle East, where the United States sought to

answer

secure oil-drilling concessions for American companies

question

Warren G. Harding was willing to seize the initiative on the issue of international disarmament because

answer

businesspeople were unwilling to help pay for a larger United States Navy.

question

The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact

answer

outlawed war as a solution to international rivalry

question

In the 1920s the Fordney-McCumber Tariff __________ tariff rates and the Hawley-Smoot Tariff __________ tariff rates, so that by 1930 the tariff rates had been substantially __________ from the opening of the decade.

answer

raised; raised; raised

question

Which of the following was not a consequence of the American policy of raising tariffs sky-high in the 1920s?

answer

...

question

The Teapot Dome scandal involved the corrupt mishandling of

answer

naval oil reserves

question

The major political scandal of Harding's administration resulted in the conviction and imprisonment of his secretary of

answer

the interior

question

During Coolidge's presidency, government policy was set largely by the interests and values of

answer

the business community

question

After the initial shock of the Harding scandals, many Americans reacted by

answer

excusing some of the wrongdoers on the grounds that "they had gotten away with it

question

One of the major problems facing farmers in the 1920s was

answer

was overproduction

question

In the mid-1920s President Coolidge twice refused to sign legislation proposing to

answer

lower taxes

question

The intended beneficiaries of the McNary-Haugen Bill were __________; the intended beneficiaries of the Norris-LaGuardia Act were

answer

farmers, labor unions

question

the following splits did affect the Democratic party in 1924

answer

"wets' vs. "drys", urbanites vs. suburbanites, Fundamentalists vs. Modernists except: northern liberals vs. southern conservatives

question

Senator Robert La Follette's Progressive party advocated all of the following except

answer

government ownership of railroads, relief for farmers, opposition to monopolies, increased power for the Supreme Court except: opposition to antilabor injunctions

question

In 1924 the Democratic party convention failed by a single vote to adopt a resolution condemning

answer

the Ku Klux Klan

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