APUSH – Progressive Era – Flashcards

Wealthy should distribute wealth (philanthropy) so it will not be wasted

Founder of the Hull House in Chicago Major reformer of Progressive Era

"cast down your bucket" Tuskegee Institute for trades and farming (teachers)

More radical than Booker T. Wanted: The right to vote, Civic Equality, The education of youth according to ability

Co founded by WEB dubois in 1909

Crusaded against big buisness competition against hearst led to Yellow Journalism

Looking Backward: 2000-1887 is a utopian science fiction novel by Edward Bellamy, a lawyer and writer from western Massachusetts; it was first published in 1887. Marxist

The Comstock Act, 17 Stat. 598, enacted March 3, 1873, was a United States federal law which amended the Post Office Act[1] and made it illegal to send any "obscene, lewd, and/or lascivious" materials through the mail, including contraceptive devices and information. In addition to banning contraceptives, this act also banned the distribution of information on abortion for educational purposes. based on moral concepts

The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was an American women's rights organization formed in May 1890 as a unification of the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA).[1] The NAWSA continued the work of both associations by becoming the parent organization of hundreds of smaller local and state groups,[2] and by helping to pass woman suffrage legislation at the state and local level. The NAWSA was the largest and most important suffrage organization in the United States, and was the primary promoter of women's right to vote. Like AWSA and NWSA before it, the NAWSA pushed for a constitutional amendment guaranteeing women's voting rights, and was instrumental in winning the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1920.

Radical Vs. Conservative

Ida Bell Wells-Barnett (July 16, 1862 - March 25, 1931) was an African American journalist, newspaper editor and, with her husband, newspaper owner Ferdinand L. Barnett, an early leader in the civil rights movement. She documented lynching in the United States, showing how it was often a way to control or punish blacks who competed with whites. She was active in the women's rights and the women's suffrage movement, establishing several notable women's organizations. Wells was a skilled and persuasive rhetorician, and traveled internationally on lecture tours.

The World's Columbian Exposition (the official shortened name for the World's Fair: Columbian Exposition,[1] also known as The Chicago World's Fair) was a World's Fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492. Symbol of emerging American Exceptionalism

black face shows

Teddy- bib stick (military) Taft- Dollar (economic) Wilson - Moral/ Missionary (Cultural) Banana republic situation - political or Iran (w/Sha)

The Monroe Doctrine is a policy of the United States introduced on December 2, 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring U.S. intervention. Corollary -The Roosevelt Corollary is a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine that was articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union Address in 1904. The corollary states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European Nations and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly.

Example of Imperialism - annexed for Dole Fruit company

the Teller Amendment was an amendment to a joint resolution of the United States Congress, enacted on April 20, 1898, in reply to President William McKinley's War Message. It placed a condition of the United States military in Cuba. According to the clause, the U.S. could not annex Cuba but only leave "control of the island to its people." A response to anti imperialists

Nonetheless, through his newspapers and magazines, he exercised enormous political influence, and is sometimes credited with pushing public opinion in the United States into a war with Spain in 1898. "ill supply the war"

-------- The US acquired Guam, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico Rough Riders & Roosevelt

Poem by Kipling Justification for Imperialism

The American Anti-Imperialist League was an organization established in the United States on June 15, 1898, to battle the American annexation of the Philippines as an insular area. The anti-imperialists opposed the expansion because they believed imperialism violated the credo of republicanism, especially the need for "consent of the governed." Mark Twain is part of it

"Does the Constitution follow the flag?" Essentially, the Supreme Court said that full constitutional rights did not automatically extend to all areas under American control. The "deepest ramification" of the Insular Cases is that inhabitants of unincorporated territories such as Puerto Rico, "even if they are U.S. citizens", may have no constitutional rights, such as to remain part of the United States if the United States chooses to engage in deannexation. Answer: NO

The Platt Amendment of 1901 was an amendment to a joint resolution of the United States Congress, replacing the earlier Teller Amendment.[1] It stipulated the conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish-American War and defined the terms of Cuban-U.S. relations until the 1934 Treaty of Relations. The Amendment ensured U.S. involvement in Cuban affairs and gave legal standing (in U.S law) to U.S. claims to certain territories on the island including Guantanamo Bay Naval Base.[2] "gov has the right to modify cuban gov at any time" --- buy up plantations & make them work

Roosevelt's name for the Spanish American War

The Open Door Policy is a concept in foreign affairs, which usually refers to the policy in 1898 allowing multiple Imperial powers access to China, with none of them in control of that country. As a theory, the Open Door Policy originates with British commercial practice, as was reflected in treaties concluded with Qing Dynasty China after the First Opium War (1839-1842).

The United States presidential election of 1900 was a re-match of the 1896 race between Republican President William McKinley and his Democratic challenger, William Jennings Bryan. The return of economic prosperity and recent victory in the Spanish-American War helped McKinley to score a decisive victory.

William McKinley (born William McKinley, Jr.; January 29, 1843 - September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897 until his death. McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish-American War, raised protective tariffs to promote American industry, and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals. McKinley's presidency began a period of over a third of a century dominated by the Republican Party, but ended with his assassination in September 1901.

The Mallarino-Bidlack Treaty (also known as the Bidlack Treaty and Treaty of New Granada) was a treaty signed between New Granada (today Colombia and Panama) and the United States, on December 12, 1846. U.S. minister Benjamin Alden Bidlack negotiated the pact with New Granada's commissioner Manuel María Mallarino. It granted the U.S. significant transit rights over the Panamanian isthmus, as well as military powers to suppress social conflicts and independence struggles targeted against Colombia. "A Man, a Plan, a canal - Panama!"

The Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (日米紳士協約 Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku?) was an informal agreement between the United States and the Empire of Japan whereby the U.S. would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration, and Japan would not allow further emigration to the U.S. The goal was to reduce tensions between the two powerful Pacific nations. The agreement was never ratified by Congress, which in 1924 ended it. Treated Japanese as second class citizens

populism, socialism, labor, Muckrakers, social gospel Government IS the SOLUTION

A new vocabulary characterized this era. Americans would speak about a "public interest" that was opposed by "special interests." They would also speak about "efficiency" and "expertise" in government and "morality" in foreign affairs. For the first time, Americans spoke of "social workers," "muckrakers," "trustbusters," "feminists," "social scientists," and "conservation." Hard science & soft science idea: gov should be non- partisan, only run by smart people

Ida Minerva Tarbell (November 5, 1857 - January 6, 1944) was an American teacher, author and journalist. She was known as one of the leading "muckrakers" of the progressive era, work known in modern times as "investigative journalism". She wrote many notable magazine series and biographies. She is best known for her 1904 book The History of the Standard Oil Company, which was listed as No. 5 in a 1999 list by New York University of the top 100 works of 20th-century American journalism.

secret ballot, Initiative: In political science, an initiative (also known as a popular or citizens' initiative) is a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote (plebiscite). The vote may be on a proposed statute, constitutional amendment, charter amendment or ordinance, or, in its minimal form, to simply oblige the executive or legislative bodies to consider the subject by submitting it to the order of the day. It is a form of direct democracy. & recall, 17th Amendment: direct election of senators

Robert Marion "Fighting Bob"[1] La Follette, Sr. (June 14, 1855 - June 18, 1925), was an American Republican (and later a Progressive) politician. He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, was the Governor of Wisconsin, and was also a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin (1906 to 1925). He ran for President of the United States as the nominee of his own Progressive Party in 1924, carrying Wisconsin and 17% of the national popular vote. His wife Belle Case La Follette and sons Robert M. La Follette, Jr. and Philip La Follette led his political faction in Wisconsin into the 1940s. La Follette has been called "arguably the most important and recognized leader of the opposition to the growing dominance of corporations over the Government"[2] and is one of the key figures pointed to in Wisconsin's long history of political liberalism.

Temperance & Acting through such organizations as the Young Women's Christian Association, the National Consumers' League, professional associations, and trade unions, female reformers were at the forefront of the movement against child labor as well as the women's suffrage campaign. They won minimum wage and maximum hours laws for women workers, public health programs for pregnant women and babies, improved educational opportunities for both children and adults, and an array of social welfare measures at the local, state, and federal levels. They even succeeded in creating the Children's Bureau (1912) and the Women's Bureau (1920) in the federal Department of Labor.

The case upheld Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women as justified by the special state interest in protecting women's health. The ruling had important implications for protective labor legislation.

The fire led to legislation requiring improved factory safety standards and helped spur the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, which fought for better working conditions for sweatshop workers.

Pro war, conservationist to help preserve "national character" born into wealth grew up in city sick child - asmatic wife and mom dies same day "Jane Dandy & Punkin lily" --- hunting Wants to run again -- Bull Moose -- Progressive loses to Woodrow Wilson BIG STICK

What he believes the role of the frontier has been 1890- frontier closed 1893 Columbian Exposition Masculinity, Individualism --- Imperialism (Roosevelt wants west to be available)

Cant give away Cant let spain have cant have self governance ----- we control it Under McKinley

(Under Wilson) 1913 - 16th Income Tax 1916 - 17th Direct Election of Senators 1919 - 18th Prohibition 1920 - Woman's suffrage

hate germans, Gospel of wealth - teach people how to live appropriately, need food (barley & wheat crops - WWI) One of the only amendments that restricts freedom

Economic - walmart political - political control military - military presence cultural - Europe- our music & McD's

ROOSEVELT "The right to regulate use of wealth in public interest is universally admitted" --- Progressive Income Tax - let people have free time to have part in their community - enforce sanitation - be against mob violence & corporate greed

WILSON lower tariffs should regulate buisness but not too much

cannot impose maximim hour laws

ROOSEVELT fairness from government Anthracite Coal Strike --- use the military to operate coal mines --- 10% pay raise

ROOSEVELT regulate railroads

The Jungle - working conditions and food quality "I aimed for their heart and i hit them in the gut" 1906 ---- Meat inspection act of 1906 & Pure food and drug act of 1906

Taft - busts trusts like he busts chairs Roosevelt: "some good some bad"

Example of Duverger's law Wilson - Dem - 40% Taft- Rep - 30% Roosevelt - Rep %

slightly more on the side of big business

Sierra Club - The Club's first goals included establishing Glacier and Mount Rainier national parks, convincing the California legislature to give Yosemite Valley to the US Federal government, and saving California's coastal redwoods. Muir escorted President Theodore Roosevelt through Yosemite in 1903, and two years later the California legislature ceded Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Grove to the Federal government. The Sierra Club won its first lobbying victory with the creation of the country's second national park, after Yellowstone in 1872.[8]

The United States presidential election of 1908 was held on November 3, 1908. Popular incumbent President Theodore Roosevelt, honoring a promise not to seek a third term, persuaded the Republican Party to nominate William Howard Taft, his close friend and Secretary of War, to become his successor. Having badly lost the 1904 election with a conservative candidate, the Democratic Party turned to two-time nominee William Jennings Bryan, who had been defeated in 1896 and 1900 by Republican William McKinley. TAFT WINS

do not argue for overthrow of Capitalism (not like Russia) bargaining table or picket lines (not politics)

many socialists get elected Eugene V Debs made later presidential runs in 1908, 1912 and 1920, the last of which was his most successful with nearly one million votes.

WILSON 1913 - Create our banking system control money supply control "boom and bust cycle" Sets interest rates

Clayton anti trust act -exempts labor unions from sherman inti trust act & like legistlation (so no Pullman repeats) -(min wage discussed) 8 hr workday work comp child labor laws - supreme court overturns - takes a couple more decades Federal Trade commission -investigate unfair trade practices - actually works

Tariff reform -lowers tariffs -we can do this now 1915 - 50th anniversary of Civ War black soldiers not allowed 1st president to segregate the White house

white, middle class idea teach immigrants about how to not be immigrants religion is a part of it - evangelical protestantism (immigrants are mostly catholic) really about: native born, middle & upper class concern about having kids: = Eugenic beliefs (want to forcibly sterilize people) = social darwinism still present Goal = efficiency and Expertise Apply science to humanity and social problems