Apush Chapter 40 Answers – Flashcards
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Productivity
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Slumped after the economic boom 25 years after WWI
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Inflation
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Fed by rising oil prices and Great Society/Vietnam funding w/o tax increases
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Liberal Establishment
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Nixon thought they hid him from the public in the 50s
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Vietnamization
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Withdrawing 540k troops from South Vietnam, while training Vietnamese to fight
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Silent Majority
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Supposed majority who supported the war, appealed to by Nixon
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Nattering Nabobs of Negativism
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Unleashed upon by VP Agnew, demanded withdrawal from Vietnam
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My Lai
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Deepened disgust w/ war, a village full of innocents was massacred by American troops
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Cambodia
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Nixon ordered troops to help SV to clear out troops in NV and VC major base
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Kent State University
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Where Natl Gaurd fired into crowd protesting Cambodian invasion
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26th Amendment
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Lowered voting age to 18, pleased youth
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Pentagon Papers
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Leaked to NYT, Pentagon study over failures of Kennedy/Johnson
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Henry Kissinger
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Natl Security Adviser; met with Nixon in Paris to negotiate end of war, prepared path to Beijing, Moscow
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Detente
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Period of relaxed tension between RU/CH
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ABM Treaty
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Limited US and USSR to two clusters of defensive missiles
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SALT Treaty
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Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, aimed to freeze # of long-range missiles
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MIRVs
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Multiple independently targeted reentry vehicles, many weapons on one vehicle
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Judicial Activism
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Series of decisions drastically and directly affecting the individual
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Miranda
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Ensured right to remain silent and other protections when accused
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Engel v. Vitale
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Prohibited required prayers, bible reading in schools
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Warren Burger
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Succeeded Earl Warren in 1969
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Roe v. Wade
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Legalized abortion
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Aid to Families with Dependent Children
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Welfare program approved by Nixon
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Reverse Discrimination
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Belief held by criticizers of new opportunities for minorities/women
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Environmental Protection Agency
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Wanted to make sure environment was not being polluted
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Occupational Health and Safety Administration
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Made factories have stricter office rules/restrictions for safety
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Silent Spring
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Rachel Carson; exposed poisonous effects of pesticides
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Clean Air Act
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Led EPA and OSHA to the front of the battle for ecological safety; reduced automobile emissions and cleaned up toxic waste
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Endangered Species Act
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Led EPA and OSHA to the front of the battle for ecological safety; protected endangered animals
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Southern Strategy
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Nixon's plan to build a solid majority for conservatives
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George McGovern
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Demo Nom. in 1972; got antiwar/minority support, but alienated traditional working class
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Pol Pot
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Tyrant of Cambodia, killed 2 mil, kicked out by Viet, then mil
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War Powers Act
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Passed over Nixon veto; required President to report to Congress within 48 hours of committing troops to foreign conflict
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OPEC
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; in Middle East
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Watergate
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June 17, 1972, five men arrested when caught planting 'bugs' in Demo. HQ
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CREEP
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Republican Committee for Re-election of the President, major player in Watergate
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Enemies List
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Harassed by IRS under Nixon; all innocent
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Spiro Agnew
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Forced to resign on Oct 1973 for taking bribes from MD contractors
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Gerald Ford
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replaced Agnew; from Michigan
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Saturday Night Massacre
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Nixon fired own prosecutor to investigate Watergate, also attorney and deputy attorney general
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Title IX
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Prohibited sex discrimination in any federally assisted educational program or activity
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ERA
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Declared equality of rights shall not be denied by the US on account of sex
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Roe v. Wade
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Argued women's decision to abort was protected by Constitution
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Desegregation
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Plans for this could not require students to move across district lines; decided in Milliken v. Bradley
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White Flight
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where whites moved from cities to suburbs
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Affirmative Action
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Controversial; making sure facilities do not discriminate
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United States v. Wheeler
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SC declared Indian tribes were subject to will of Congress but not States
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Jimmy Carter
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Dark horse candidate, won Demo Nom; down-home sincerity touched many
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Anwar Sadat
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Invited by Carter in 1978 to Camp David conference, led to sign Camp David accord; pres. of Egypt
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Menachem Begin
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Prime Minister of Israel invited to Camp David conference by Carter in 1978
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Camp David Accords
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Israel agreed to withdraw territory conquered in 1967 war, Egypt respected Israel's borders
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Shah of Iran
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Mohammed Reza Pahlevi, installed by CIA in 1953; overthrown in Jan 1979; engulfed by Anti-US extremists
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Leonid Brezhnev
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Met with Carter in Vienna to sign SALT II
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SALT II
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limited levels of lethal weapons in US and USSR
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Afghanistan
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Soviet army blitzed to here in Dec 27 1979; failed, 'Russia's Vietnam'
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Hostage Crisis
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Highly trained commando team tried to free hostages, but failed, and 8 died in a plane collision.
