Apush Chapter 26 Vocab Test Questions – Flashcards
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Fireside Chats
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informal talks given by FDR over the radio; sat by White House fireplace; gained the confidence of the people
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Eleanor Roosevelt
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FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women
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Brain Trust
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Group of expert policy advisers who worked with FDR in the 1930s to end the great depression. Moley, Tugwell, Berle
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Broker State
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role of the government to work out conflicts among competing interest groups
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Frances Perkins
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U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the cabinet.
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Harold Ickes
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Secretary of the Interior. Director of the Public Works Administration.
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Keynesian Economics
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Theory based on the principles of John Maynard Keynes, stating that government spending should increase during business slumps and be curbed during booms.
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Bank Holiday
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closed all banks until gov. examiners could investigate their financial condition; only sound/solvent banks were allowed to reopen
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Emergency Banking Relief Act
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gave the President power over the banking system and set up a system by which banks would be reorganized or reopened
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Glass-Steagall Act
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established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and included banking reforms, some of which were designed to control speculation
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Agricultural Adjustment Act
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Restricted production during the New Deal by paying farmers to reduce crop area.
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National Industrial Recovery Act
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A New Deal legislation that focused on the employment of the unemployed and the regulation of unfair business ethics. Pumped cash into the economy to stimulate the job market and created codes that businesses were to follow to maintain the ideal of fair competition and created the NRA.
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Civilian Conservation Corps
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New Deal program that hired unemployed men to work on natural conservation projects
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Federal Emergency Relief Administration
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Government agency that was a part of the New Deal. It allocated $500 million to relieve cities and states. To help with the unemployment problem.
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Civil Works Administration
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New Deal organization that created millions of low-skill jobs; later replaced by the Works Progress Administration in 1935
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Tennessee Valley Authority
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A New Deal agency created to generate electric power and control floods in a seven-U.S.-state region around the Tennessee River Valley . It created many dams that provided electricity as well as jobs.
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Securities and Exchange Commission
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An independent federal agency that oversees the exchange of securities to protect investors
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Farm Credit Administration
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provided low-interest farm loans and mortgages to prevent forclosures on the property of indebted farmers
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Home Owners' Loan Corporation
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provided governemnet loans to homeowners who faced foreclosers because they couldnt meet loan payments
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Federal Housing Administration
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A federal agency established in 1943 to increase home ownership by providing an insurance program to safeguard the lender against the risk of nonpayment.
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Charles Coughlin
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A radio priest who was anti-Semetic and anti-New Deal. He catered away some support from FDR.
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Huey Long
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Louisianna Senator who opposed FDR's New Deal and came up with a , "Share the Wealth" wants to give $5k to all families ,was later assasinated
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Francis Townsend
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American physician and social reformer whose plan for a government-sponsored old-age pension was a precursor of the Social Security Act of 1935.
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Schechter v United States
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was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that invalidated regulations of the poultry industry according to the nondelegation doctrine and as an invalid use of Congress's power under the commerce clause.
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Works Public Administration
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employment on useful projects, federal writer's project, federal theatre project, federal arts project, federal music project (1935)
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Social Security Act
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created a tax on workers and employers. That money provided monthly pensions for retired people.
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Wagner Act
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1935, also National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions; allowed collective bargaining
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Holding Company Act
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Roosevelt proposed an act designed to break up the great utility holding companies
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Revenue Act
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1935 - Increased income taxes on higher incomes and also increased inheritance, large gift, and capital gains taxes.
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United States Housing Authority
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initiated the federal govs efforts to clear slums and build subsidized public housing developments
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Court Packing Plan
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President FDR's failed 1937 attempt to increase the number of US Supreme Court Justices from 9 to 15 in order to save his 2nd New Deal programs from constitutional challenges
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Congress of Industrial Organizations
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Union organization of unskilled workers; broke away from the American Federation of Labor in 1935 and rejoined it in 1955
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GM Sit down strike
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CIO labor action led by John Lewis in 1936 that forced the auto industry to recognize unions
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Fair Labor Standards Act
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1938 act which provided for a minimum wage and restricted shipments of goods produced with child labor
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Black Cabinet
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group of African Americans FDR appointed to key Government positions; served as unofficial advisors to the president.
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Indian Reorganization Act
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1934 - Restored tribal ownership of lands, recognized tribal constitutions and government, and provided loans for economic development.
