Apush Chapter 12 Questions And Answers – Flashcards

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War of 1812
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war between America and Britain
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Canada
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three-pronged invasion of 1812 failed, beaten back by attacking Detroit, Niagara, and Lake Champlain instead of Montreal
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Battle of New Orleans
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battle in the War of 1812, British launched a frontal assault on January 8, 1815 on the entrenched American riflemen and cannoneers- American victory! British lost +2000, Americans lost 70
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Treaty of Ghent
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Tsar Alexander I of Russia wanted peace between British and America- treaty said that both sides simply agreed to stop fighting and to restore conquered territory
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Hartford Convention
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Massachusetts issued a call for a convention in Connecticut- Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island- full delegations, New Hampshire and Vermont- partial representation, demanded financial assistance from Washington, 2/3 vote in Congress before an embargo could be imposed, new states admitted, or war declared, abolish three-fifths clause, limit presidents to single term, end Virginia dynasty
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Rush-Bagot agreement
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agreement between Britain and the United States severely limited naval armanent on the lakes
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Tariff of 1816
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20-25 percent on the value of dutiable imports, first protective tariff in American history, in response to cut-rate British goods that flooded the market after the war of 1812
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American system
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developed by Henry Clay 1. strong banking system 2. protective tariff 3. network of roads and canals (vetoed by Madison)
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James Monroe
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fourth president, Era of Good Feelings
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Era of Good Feelings
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used to describe Monroe's term in office, something of a misnomer
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panic of 1819
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during Monroe's presidency, financial panic caused by overspeculation in frontier lands by the Bank of the United States; deflation, depression, bankruptcies, bank failures, unemployment, soup kitchens, and debtor's prisons
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Land Act of 1820
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authorized abuyer to purchase eighty virgin acres at a minimum of $1.25 an acre in cash- fulfilled demands of the West for cheap acreage
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Tallmadge Amendment
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stipulated that no more slaves should be brought into Missouri and also provided for the gradual emanipation of children born to slave parents already ther
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peculiar institution
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institution of slavery in the South (Congress could abolish he peculiar institution in Missouri)
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Missouri Compromise
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-admit Missouri as a slave state - Maine became a seperate free state - Missouri permitted to keep slaves, anything north of the southern border of MIssouri was prohibited to have slaves
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McCulloch v. Maryland
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suit involved an attempt by the State of Maryland to destroy a branch of the Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on its notes. John Marshall declared the bank unconstitutional by invoking the Hamiltonian doctrine of implied powers, denied the right of Maryland to tax the bank
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loose construction
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Constitution derived from he consent of the people and thus permitted the government to act for their benefit
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Cohens v. Virginia
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Cohen brothers found guilty by the Virginia courts of illegally selling lottery tickets, Virginia "won", Marshall asserted the right of the Supreme Court to review the decisions of the state supreme courts in all questions involving powers of the federal government
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Gibbons v. Ogden
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suit grew out of an attempt by the State of New York to grant to a private concern a monopoly of waterborne commerce between New York and New Jersey; Marshall reminded the state that the Constitution conferred on Congress alone the control of interstate commerce
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Fletcher v. Peck
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Georgia legislature granted 35 million acres in the Yazoo River country to private speculators. angry outcry- canceled transaction; Marshall decreed that the legislative grant was a contract and that the Constitution forbids state laws "impairing contracts"; power to invalidate state laws conflicting with federal Constitution
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Dartmouth College v. Woodward
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college had been granted a charter by King George III in 1769, but the democratic New Hampshire state legislature had seen fir to change it, Marshall ruled that the original charter must stand; it was a contract and the Constitution protected contracts against state encroachments
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Anglo-American Convention
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1818, permitted Americans to share the coveted Newfoundland fisheries with their canadian cousins, fixed northern limits of Louisiana
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Florida Purchase Treaty
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1819, also known as Adams-Onis Treaty, Spain ceded Florida and oregon, America gave up Texas
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Monroe Doctrine
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1. noncolonization- era of colonization in the Americas was over 2. nonintervention- keep the monarchichal systems out of the Americas backed up by Britian's army, angered European monarchs
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Russo-American Treaty of 1824
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fixed southernmost limits at the line 54 40, the southern tup of the Alaska panhandle (tsar of Russia)
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