APUSH 500 questions Ch. 6-11 – Flashcards
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144. Which of the following statements about the Treaty of Ghent is not true? (A) It ended the War of 1812. (B) It settled the border disputes involving the Louisiana Territory. (C) It failed to address British impressments. (D) It did not address the idea of freedom of the seas. (E) It was signed by Britain and the United States.
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B
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145. Which of the following was a major result of the McCulloch v. Maryland decision? (A) It addressed Native American territorial rights. (B) It stated that the national bank was illegal. (C) It prevented states from interfering with business contracts. (D) It enforced the principle that the federal government has authority over state governments. (E) It established the federal government's right to regulate interstate commerce.
answer
D
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146. Which of the following Supreme Court decisions directly dealt with Native American territorial rights? (A) McCulloch v. Maryland (B) Worcester v. Georgia (C) Dartmouth College v. Woodward (D) Marbury v. Madison (E) Gibbons v. Ogden
answer
B
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147. Which of the following Supreme Court decisions directly established the federal government's right to regulate interstate commerce? (A) McCulloch v. Maryland (B) Plessy v. Ferguson (C) Dartmouth College v. Woodward (D) Gibbons v. Ogden (E) Schenck v. United States
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D
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148. Which of the following was not a provision of the initial Monroe Doctrine? (A) The Western Hemisphere was closed to colonization. (B) The Americas were politically different from the nations of Europe. (C) European intervention in the Western Hemisphere would be regarded as a threat to U.S. security. (D) The United States would not intervene in European wars and conflicts. (E) The United States would use military intervention in the Western Hemisphere if needed.
answer
E
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149. Which of the following statements about the Missouri Compromise is not true? (A) Maine was admitted into the Union as a free state. (B) Missouri joined the Union as a slave state. (C) Slavery was allowed in the old Northwest Territory. (D) Slavery was outlawed north of latitude 36°30′ north. (E) The Missouri Compromise was deemed unconstitutional after the Dred Scott decision
answer
C
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150. Which of the following was a direct result of the Missouri Compromise? (A) The state of Maine was created. (B) Slavery was allowed only in states south of Missouri's northern border. (C) Kentucky outlawed slavery. (D) The balance of free and slave states ended. (E) California was admitted into the Union as a free state.
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A
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151. Which president was responsible for signing the Missouri Compromise? (A) John Quincy Adams (B) James Madison (C) James Monroe (D) Andrew Jackson (E) James K. Polk
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C
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152. The first national labor union in the United States was the (A) International Workers Union (B) National Trades Union (C) National Workers Union (D) Knights of Labor (E) National Labor Union
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B
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153. Which of the following people was most directly responsible for bringing industrialism to the United States? (A) Benjamin Franklin (B) Samuel Slater (C) Eli Whitney (D) Thomas Edison (E) Henry Ford
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B
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154. Industrialism emerged in the northern states prior to the Civil War as a result of the following conditions except (A) availability of water power from streams and rivers (B) availability of capital (C) a shortage of labor (D) poor agricultural conditions (E) access to developed ports and railroads
answer
C
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155. Oliver Evans is most associated with which invention? (A) The mechanized flour mill (B) The cotton gin (C) Interchangeable parts (D) The first commercial steamboat (E) The first textile mill in the United States
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A
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156. The first federally funded telegraph connected which two cities? (A) Washington, D.C., and Richmond, Virginia (B) New York City and Philadelphia (C) Philadelphia and Baltimore (D) Philadelphia and Washington, D.C. (E) Washington, D.C., and Baltimore
answer
E
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157. Which of the following is not part of the economic theory referred to as the American System? (A) High tariffs (B) Road building (C) Encouragement of new enterprises (D) The national bank (E) Cheap sale of public lands
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E
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158. Which president is most associated with the Era of Good Feeling? (A) John Adams (B) Thomas Jefferson (C) Andrew Jackson (D) James K. Polk (E) James Monroe
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E
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159. What territorial gain was made with the Adams-Onís Treaty? (A) Florida (B) The Philippines (C) California (D) Port of New Orleans (E) Puerto Rico
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A
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160. The Cumberland Road connected the Eastern Seaboard to what western river? (A) Mississippi River (B) Missouri River (C) Ohio River (D) Delaware River (E) Platte River
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C
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161. What was a common theme in the nullification theories held by Thomas Jefferson and John C. Calhoun? (A) The right of the individual to speak against the government (B) The right of judicial review within the Supreme Court (C) The right of states to strike down federal laws they see as unconstitutional (D) The authority of the federal government over the states (E) The right of the Congress to pass all laws necessary and proper
answer
C
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162. The Preemption Act most directly dealt with (A) the sale of government land (B) the right of the United States to attack nations perceived as a threat (C) the passage of strict slave laws to suppress future slave uprisings (D) the federal government's right to remove Native Americans from lands planned for future expansion (E) the states' right to nullify federal mandates
answer
A
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163. Which of the following inventions did not help fuel the agricultural boom in the first half of the 19th century? (A) The cotton gin (B) The steel plow (C) The mechanical reaper (D) The steamboat (E) The cigarette-rolling machine
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E
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164. Which of the following was an observation of Alexis de Tocqueville concerning American society? (A) The ability of newcomers to own land (B) The lack of religious influence in society (C) The perpetual gap between the rich and poor (D) The fair treatment of Native Americans (E) The continued notion of European aristocracy
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A
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165. Which of the following statements best defines the Cult of Domesticity? (A) Women should exemplify the notions of virtue in fulfilling their duties to the family. (B) The United States should assume an isolationist policy in foreign affairs. (C) Agriculture and manufacturing should primarily benefi t local economies. (D) High protective tariffs were needed to protect American manufacturing. (E) Slave women needed to be taught how to fulfill their duties as mothers.
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A
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166. Mary Lyon is most associated with establishing which of the following advancements for women? (A) Access to suffrage (B) Property ownership (C) Access to higher education (D) Access to practicing medicine (E) Ability to sit on juries
answer
C
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167. Which of the following best describes the goals of the American Colonization Society during the early part of the 19th century? (A) Expanding the United States' influence in the Pacific (B) Returning free blacks to Africa (C) Expanding American intervention in Latin America (D) Promoting the practices of Manifest Destiny (E) Expanding American missionaries in Asia
answer
B
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168. Which of the following people was not a candidate in the 1824 presidential election? (A) John Quincy Adams (B) John C. Calhoun (C) Henry Clay (D) William Crawford (E) Andrew Jackson
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B
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169. Which of the following statements best describes the result of the 1824 presidential election? (A) John Quincy Adams won the popular vote. (B) No candidate won the majority of electoral votes. (C) The election was decided by the Senate. (D) Andrew Jackson won the majority of electoral votes. (E) John Quincy Adams had his strongest support in the South.
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B
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170. Which president is associated with the creation of a Kitchen Cabinet? (A) John Quincy Adams (B) Franklin D. Roosevelt (C) Ulysses S. Grant (D) Andrew Jackson (E) Franklin Pierce
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D
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171. What new style of campaigning came about in the 1828 presidential election? (A) Massive infighting among candidates within the same party (B) Greater focus on candidates' debates and speeches (C) Greater focus on specific current issues (D) Stronger emphasis on rallies, slogans, and parades (E) Movement away from malicious attacks between candidates
answer
D
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172. Which of the following objectives best describes Andrew Jackson's policy toward Native Americans? (A) Complete destruction (B) Removal to reservations in the West (C) Assimilation into American society (D) Protection of traditional land claims (E) Return of lost lands from unfair treaties
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B
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173. Which of the following is not considered part of Andrew Jackson's legacy? (A) Creation of a two-party political system (B) The modern media-driven election campaign (C) Reduction of infl uence in the executive branch over the branches of the federal government (D) Increase in the average person's access to political power (E) Establishment of the second national bank
answer
C
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174. The Tariff of Abominations of 1828 was opposed mainly because (A) it mainly benefited western states (B) it hurt northern manufacturers' long-term growth (C) it hurt the sale of southern cotton (D) it restricted the sale of slaves (E) it benefi ted British imports
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C
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175. Andrew Jackson differed from previous presidents in that he (A) was a slave owner (B) was a wealthy landowner (C) came from a family of poor immigrants (D) built a successful career in law and politics (E) was a college graduate
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C
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176. Who did Andrew Jackson choose to be his successor after his second term? (A) William Henry Harrison (B) Martin Van Buren (C) John Tyler (D) John C. Calhoun (E) Henry Clay
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B
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177. Which of the following statements best describes Andrew Jackson's views of the national bank? (A) It mainly benefited northern bankers. (B) It served common man. (C) It symbolized southern power and strength. (D) It protected the nation's democratic government. (E) It was needed to protect U.S. currency.
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A
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178. Which of the following played a role in the creation of the Whig Party? (A) The renewal of the national bank (B) The increased authority of the House and Senate under President Andrew Jackson (C) Supporters of the executive branch (D) Concerns over the Force Bill and states' rights (E) Sharp economic growth during the years 1833-1834
answer
B
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179. Which of the following was not a result of the end of the Second Bank of the United States? (A) Creation of state "pet" banks (B) A bank panic (C) Creation of the Whig Party (D) The Specie Circular (E) Philadelphia becoming the center of American banking
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E
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180. What was the Specie Circular? (A) A state institution chosen to hold funds from the national bank (B) An executive order requiring that government land be paid for in gold or silver (C) A railroad scandal that used stocks to bribe elected officials (D) A bill that authorized the use of military force to uphold federal law (E) The basing of currency on both a gold and a silver standard
answer
B
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181. Which of the following groups would not be a supporter of the Whig Party? (A) Northern industrialists (B) Supporters of the national bank (C) States' rights activists (D) Supporters of a powerful executive branch (E) Supporters of term limits
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D
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182. Which of the following objectives was not a goal of Tecumseh's confederacy? (A) Creating a broad alliance to stop settlers (B) Stopping future treaties that ceded land (C) Working for the common defense of the confederacy (D) Returning to traditional cultural practices (E) Establishing a new settlement west of the Mississippi River
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E
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183. Which belief would most be associated with William Lloyd Garrison? (A) Federal regulation of slavery (B) Strict constitutional interpretation (C) Secession of the South (D) Ending federal tariffs (E) Abolition of slavery
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E
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184. The term domestic feminism during the first half of the 19th century could best be defined as (A) women adopting a more assertive role in the home (B) women gaining greater access to local politics and regional elections (C) women gaining broader rights in the area of property ownership (D) women being awarded primary custody of their children (E) the advancements of the suffrage movement within the nation
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A
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185. Which of the following statements best illustrates the average size of white families during the first part of the 19th century? (A) Families generally grew larger. (B) Urban families generally grew smaller, while rural families grew larger. (C) Urban families increased in size, while rural families grew smaller. (D) Both urban and rural families became smaller. (E) Trends in family size remained consistent with those of the colonial period.
answer
D
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186. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton held the first U.S. convention on the rights of women at which location? (A) Seneca Falls, New York (B) New York City (C) Washington, D.C. (D) Niagara Falls, New York (E) Boston, Massachusetts
answer
A
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187. The main focus of the temperance movement was to (A) promote equality between races (B) promote equality between genders (C) pacify sectionalism within the United States (D) limit the influx of immigrants (E) prohibit the consumption of alcohol
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E
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188. Which of the following people is most associated with providing treatment for the mentally ill? (A) Horace Mann (B) Dorothea Dix (C) Lucretia Mott (D) Elizabeth Blackwell (E) Jane Addams
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B
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189. Which of the following people is considered a leader in education reform in the early 19th century? (A) Henry David Thoreau (B) Horace Mann (C) John Dewey (D) Dorothea Dix (E) Jane Addams
answer
B
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190. Which of the following was a main goal of the educational reform movement of the early 1800s? (A) Providing vocational training (B) Creating responsible new citizens (C) Teaching young people to read the Bible (D) Creating coeducational schools (E) Ending public funding of schools
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B
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191. Which field was not traditionally open to women for employment during the early 19th century? (A) Nursing (B) Textile work (C) Teaching (D) Secretarial work (E) Domestic service
answer
D
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192. Which of the following views of public education was not supported by Horace Mann? (A) Schools should be publicly funded. (B) Elementary education should be off ered to affluent males only. (C) Education should be nonsectarian. (D) Students should be taught citizenship and self-discipline. (E) Teachers should be well trained.
answer
B
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193. What was the main goal of early-19th-century utopian communities? (A) Rehabilitating nonviolent criminals (B) Providing better services for low-income families (C) Serving as sociological studies (D) Achieving religious, social, economic, and/or political perfection (E) Furthering American-style democracy in the non-Western world
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D
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194. Which of the following people would be most associated with the utopian communities of the early 1800s? (A) Robert Owen (B) Horace Mann (C) Frederick Douglass (D) Elijah P. Lovejoy (E) David Walker
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A
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195. John Humphrey Noyes is most associated with which of the following utopian societies? (A) New Harmony (B) The Oneida Community (C) The Icarian Community (D) The Spring Farm Colony (E) The Brook Farm Community
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B
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196. ________ has been referred to as the Black Moses for helping lead over 300 African slaves to freedom. (A) Harriet Tubman (B) Dorothea Dix (C) Frederick Douglass (D) Stephen Douglas (E) John Brown
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A
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197. Which of the following issues caused major divisions in the early abolitionist movement? (A) Debate over ending the slave trade (B) The role of Native Americans (C) Providing job training for former slaves (D) The role of women within the movement (E) The economic benefits of slavery
answer
D
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198. Many Northern workers rejected the goals of the abolitionist movement because (A) Congress imposed a gag rule (B) African-Americans lacked education (C) they feared competition for jobs (D) the Constitution clearly supported slavery (E) southern cotton production was needed to keep the factories running
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C
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199. Which of the following characteristics is associated with the 19th-century transcendentalist movement? (A) The importance of empirical understanding over emotion (B) The focus on established principles for greater understanding (C) The emphasis on emotion and instinct (D) The embrace of American culture and society (E) The embrace of the doctrines of northern religious institutions
answer
C
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200. Which of the following people would not be considered a part of the 19th-century transcendentalist movement? (A) Ralph Waldo Emerson (B) Nathaniel Hawthorne (C) Henry David Th oreau (D) Margaret Fuller (E) Frederick Henry Hedge
answer
B
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201. Which of the following is not considered part of Ralph Waldo Emerson's transcendentalist views? (A) Rejection of divinity (B) Independence of spirit (C) Importance of self-reliance (D) Focus on individualism (E) A close connection with nature
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A
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202. During the early 19th century, laws created in the Southern states concerning free blacks were primarily intended to (A) guarantee legal status to free blacks (B) establish guidelines for abolition within the state (C) establish clear rules and regulations for the treatment of slaves (D) persuade free blacks to relocate to Northern states (E) aid the reclaiming of runaway slaves
answer
D
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203. What was the notion of popular sovereignty during the 19th century? (A) Slavery would be decided by the Missouri Compromise. (B) Inhabitants of territories becoming states would decide on the issue of slavery. (C) The practice of slavery was to be outlawed in all U.S. states. (D) Congress decided whether slavery would be legal in all new states. (E) The issue of slavery would be decided through a national ballot.
answer
B
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204. Which of the following was not a focus of the reform movements of the early 1800s? (A) Abolitionism (B) Temperance (C) Furthering the Establishment Clause (D) Improving treatment of the mentally ill (E) Prison reform
answer
C
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205. During the 19th century, settlement patterns of new immigrants were mostly based on (A) areas where populations of their native communities had already been established (B) regions where employment was most readily available (C) the U.S. port they migrated to first (D) areas where the climate was most similar to that of their native country (E) regions where the government offered the best land grants
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A
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206. Between the 1820s and 1850s, the largest population of immigrants to the United States originated from what country? (A) Russia (B) France (C) Poland (D) Italy (E) Ireland
answer
E
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207. Which of the following political parties based its entire platform on the issue of immigration? (A) Whigs (B) Democrats (C) Free-Soilers (D) Know-Nothings (E) Republicans
answer
D
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208. The Hudson River School art movement of the mid-19th century addressed all of the following themes except (A) the depiction of pastoral settings (B) notions of realism and the common man (C) the peaceful coexistence of humans and nature (D) the ideas of American exploration and settlement (E) notions of the transcendentalist authors
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B
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209. The influential collection of poems Leaves of Grass, considered a revolutionary work, was written by (A) Samuel Clemens (B) Henry David Thoreau (C) Herman Melville (D) Walt Whitman (E) Emily Dickinson
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D
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210. The themes found in James Fennimore Cooper's literary works can be described as (A) being based heavily on European influence (B) being focused mainly on industrialization and urbanization (C) viewing nature as something to be conquered through expansion (D) describing the conflict between nature and progress (E) rejecting the notion of the pioneer spirit
answer
D
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211. Which 19th-century author is generally credited with creating the genre of the detective novel? (A) Edgar Allan Poe (B) Herman Melville (C) Nathaniel Hawthorne (D) James Fennimore Cooper (E) Ralph Waldo Emerson
answer
A
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212. The administration of which president is credited with opening Japan to trade with the United States? (A) James Polk (B) Millard Fillmore (C) Franklin Pierce (D) James Buchanan (E) Zachary Taylor
answer
B
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213. Who is generally credited with being one of the first people to popularize the phrase Manifest Destiny? (A) James Monroe (B) John Quincy Adams (C) Andrew Jackson (D) John L. O'Sullivan (E) Henry Clay
answer
D
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214. James K. Polk cited which U.S. policy to justify Manifest Destiny? (A) The Monroe Doctrine (B) Washington's pledge of neutrality (C) The Missouri Compromise (D) The American System (E) The Preemption Act
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A
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215. Which group would most likely support Manifest Destiny? (A) Whigs (B) Abolitionists (C) Northern manufacturers (D) Democrats (E) Native Americans
answer
D
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216. Which of the following ideas would not be considered a justification for Manifest Destiny? (A) The merit of American democratic institutions (B) The notion that the United States was to be a "city upon a hill" (C) The need to develop America's infrastructure (D) Belief in a divine mandate to expand (E) The goal of furthering the Monroe Doctrine
answer
C
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217. The founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints was (A) Brigham Young (B) Wilford Woodruff (C) Joseph Smith (D) John Smyth (E) John Wesley
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C
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218. Which overland trail brought settlers to the Willamette Valley? (A) Oregon Trail (B) Mormon Trail (C) Santa Fe Trail (D) California Trail (E) Chilkoot Trail
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A
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219. The slogan "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!" dealt with which disputed U.S. border with another nation? (A) Maine and Canada (B) Oregon and Canada (C) Alaska and Canada (D) Texas and Mexico (E) California and Mexico
answer
B
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220. Which of the following statements best describes the main reason Southerners supported the annexation of Texas? (A) They wanted a safer route across the country. (B) They wanted new seaports to help trade with Asia. (C) They wanted better access to trade with Mexico. (D) They wanted more territory and land where slavery had been established. (E) They felt annexation would aid in Native American relocation.
answer
D
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221. Which of the following actions did not inspire the War for Texas Independence? (A) Mexico outlawed the practice of slavery. (B) Mexico passed excessive taxes on American goods. (C) Pancho Villa led raids on American settlements, forcing the U.S. military to intervene. (D) Mexico stopped allowing Americans to migrate into Texas. (E) The Mexican government dissolved all state government.
answer
C
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222. The Battle of the Alamo was significant because (A) it was an overwhelming victory by Americans seeking independence (B) Americans obtained much-needed supplies in their fi ght for independence (C) it launched James Bowie to national prominence, later allowing him to win a Senate seat (D) it convinced the U.S. government to support the Texas independence movement (E) it served as a rallying cry to recruit more support for the Texas independence movement
answer
E
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223. Which battle resulted in Texas's gaining independence from Mexico? (A) the Alamo (B) San Jacinto (C) San Antonio de Béxar (D) Goliad (E) Guadalupe Hidalgo
answer
B
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224. Which of the following treaties ended the fi ghting during the Texan independence movement? (A) Treaties of Velasco (B) Treaty of San Juan (C) Treaty of the Wilmot (D) Treaty of San Jacinto (E) Treaty of Ghent
answer
A
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225. Which of the following was not a reason that Britain considered annexing Texas? (A) It would curb U.S. westward expansion. (B) It would allow Britain to gain a new slave state. (C) It would discredit the Monroe Doctrine. (D) Britain would gain new territories in North America. (E) Annexation would lessen Britain's dependence on American cotton.
answer
B
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226. Which of the following was not a cause of delaying the annexation of Texas? (A) Resistance to the creation of another Southern state (B) A U.S. neutrality pledge with Mexico (C) Lack of support from the Whig Party in the Senate (D) British trade and defensive treaties with Texas (E) Abolitionists' opposition to creating another slave state
answer
D
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227. Which of the following people actively opposed the Mexican-American War? (A) John Calhoun (B) Daniel Webster (C) Zachary Taylor (D) Stephen Kearny (E) James K. Polk
answer
B
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228. Which of the following events occurred first? (A) Brigham Young led the Mormons to Utah. (B) Joseph Smith was lynched. (C) The Mormon church caused resentment through the practice of polygamy. (D) James Buchanan ordered the U.S. military into Utah to suppress the Mormons. (E) The Mormon church rejected the practice of polygamy.
answer
C
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229. Which of the following was the central issue of the presidential election of 1844? (A) Slavery (B) Temperance (C) Women's suffrage (D) Westward expansion (E) Anti-Masons movement
answer
D
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230. The Mexican-American War ended with the signing of what treaty? (A) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (B) Treaty of San Juan (C) Treaty of the Wilmot (D) Treaty of San Jacinto (E) Treaty of Ghent
answer
A
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231. The Wilmot Proviso stated that (A) slavery would be allowed in the land taken from Mexico (B) slavery would be allowed in New Mexico Territory and Texas, but not California (C) the line between slave states and free states would be drawn at 36°30′ north (D) plantation owners in Texas could retain their current slaves, but no new slaves could be imported (E) slavery would not be allowed in the land taken from Mexico
answer
E
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232. Which Mexican-American War general was given the nickname Old Rough and Ready? (A) Winfield Scott (B) Robert E. Lee (C) Zachary Taylor (D) Stephen Kearny (E) Antonio Santa Anna
answer
C
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233. Which land actions gave the United States possession of the southern part of Arizona and New Mexico, west of the Rio Grande and south of the Gila River? (A) Gadsden Purchase (B) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (C) Platte Purchase (D) Hay-Herrán Treaty (E) Webster-Ashburton Treaty
answer
A
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234. Frederick Jackson Turner's Frontier Thesis focused on (A) European ideals in North America (B) the frontier and American democracy (C) the issue of slavery and westward expansion (D) the expansion of industrialism and the worker (E) cultural diversity among western settlers
answer
B
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235. Which military leader is credited with leading the army into California during the Mexican-American War? (A) Stephen Kearny (B) Winfield Scott (C) Zachary Taylor (D) James Polk (E) Robert E. Lee
answer
A
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236. Which of the following did not lead to the creation of the Monroe Doctrine? (A) France's desire to reassert itself in the Western Hemisphere (B) Russia's ambitions in the Pacifi c Northwest (C) England's interest in annexing Texas (D) Emergence of independent Latin American states (E) Formation of the Holy Alliance in Europe
answer
C
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237. During the early 1800s, immigration in the United States was unrestricted primarily because (A) such restrictions were deemed unconstitutional (B) labor unions called for new immigrant labor (C) southern plantations needed additional workers (D) the industrial economy was creating new jobs (E) the view that the United States was a melting pot became prominent
answer
D
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238. The British activity of rounders evolved into which American leisure activity during the first part of the 19th century? (A) Horse racing (B) Boxing (C) Baseball (D) Lacrosse (E) Wrestling
answer
C
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239. Improvements in transportation and communication during the first part of the 19th century aff ected economic relations between regions of the United States by (A) making the regions more interdependent (B) making the regions more self-sufficient and independent (C) making industrial regions economically dominant over agricultural regions (D) making agricultural regions economically dominant over industrial regions (E) furthering individual states' ability to regulate interstate commerce
answer
A
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240. The quote "I know of no more encouraging fact than the unquestioned ability of a man to elevate his life by conscious endeavor" best illustrates which 19th-century movement? (A) Transcendentalism (B) Pragmatism (C) The social gospel (D) The Gospel of Wealth (E) Social Darwinism
answer
A
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241. Why did the Mormons choose Utah as the place to establish their communities? (A) Utah's high mountains off ered protection from the severe western weather. (B) Utah contained large, expansive quantities of land for agriculture. (C) Utah had many river systems for transportation. (D) Utah's remote location made it less likely to be settled by other groups. (E) The church's founder was given the land as a charter by the federal government.
answer
D
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242. Which of the following provisions was not considered part of personal liberty laws during the mid-19th century? (A) Forbidding the use of state jails to imprison alleged fugitives (B) Citing the state's right of nullifi cation (C) Interfering with state offi cials to stop them from enforcing the strict law against fugitives (D) Forcing bounty hunters to provide proof that captives were fugitives (E) Ensuring that the accused was given the right to trial by jury
answer
B
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243. Which of the following actions was not considered part of the Compromise of 1850? (A) Citizens of New Mexico and Utah were granted popular sovereignty. (B) Slave trade was abolished in Washington, D.C. (C) Texas's borders were extended to Santa Fe. (D) California was admitted into the Union as a free state. (E) The Fugitive Slave Act was created.
answer
C
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244. Dred Scott sued for his freedom, arguing that (A) the institution of slavery was immoral and unjust (B) he had been forced into slavery through illegal means (C) he had been a resident of a state where slavery was illegal (D) slavery was a violation of constitutional rights (E) his owner had abused and tortured him
answer
C
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245. The Dred Scott decision ruled that (A) accused fugitive slaves had a right to trial by jury (B) only Congress had the right to prohibit slavery (C) the federal ban on the importation of slaves was unconstitutional (D) African-Americans were not citizens and did not have legal protection (E) state laws banning slavery were illegal
answer
D
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246. Which of the following was not a cause of the financial crash of 1857? (A) Influx of gold from the California Gold Rush (B) Overproduction of grain (C) Land and railroad speculation (D) Decline in the price of cotton overseas (E) Infl ation of currency
answer
D
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247. Uncle Tom's Cabin was authored by (A) Henry David Thoreau (B) Henry Ward Beecher (C) Harriet Beecher Stowe (D) Emily Dickinson (E) Elijah Lovejoy
answer
C
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248. Which of the following was not a theme found in Uncle Tom's Cabin? (A) The notions of Christian values within the abolitionist movement (B) Feminist beliefs that females were equal in intellect and bravery (C) The evils of the Fugitive Slave Act (D) The role of the North and South working together to end slavery (E) Representation of slavery as a dehumanizing institution
answer
D
question
249. Which of the following statements about Uncle Tom's Cabin is the most accurate? (A) It was written in response to John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry. (B) It illustrated the political beliefs of the Know-Nothing Party. (C) It motivated others to write novels refuting the book's assertions. (D) The author was forced to publish the work under a pseudonym. (E) It was ill received in both the North and South.
answer
C
question
250. Which of the following statements was not an argument against the Fugitive Slave Act? (A) The law made it easy for freedmen to be kidnapped. (B) The law violated the Dred Scott decision. (C) Accused fugitive slaves lacked the rights of due process. (D) Methods of returning fugitive slaves were cruel and dehumanizing. (E) The practice further institutionalized the practice of slavery.
answer
B
question
251. Which of the following would not be considered an event illustrating the tensions that directly led to the Civil War? (A) Bleeding Kansas (B) Bleeding Sumner (C) John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry (D) Publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin (E) Nat Turner's rebellion
answer
E
question
252. The Kansas-Nebraska Act was unpopular in northern states because (A) it furthered the Missouri Compromise (B) it could increase the number of slave states (C) it created a transcontinental railroad in the south (D) the northern states disapproved of Stephen Douglas seeking southern support (E) it weakened the influence of northern business interests
answer
B
question
253. Which of the following most directly led to the creation of the American Party? (A) Th e increased number of Irish immigrants in the United States (B) Publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin (C) Enactment of the Compromise of 1850 (D) John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry (E) Passage of the Fugitive Slave Act
answer
A
question
254. The Freeport Doctrine stipulated that (A) popular sovereignty superseded the Kansas-Nebraska Act (B) the Dred Scott decision voided the notion of popular sovereignty (C) slavery could be prevented by states passing laws unfriendly toward the practice (D) the Kansas-Nebraska Act was unconstitutional under the Dred Scott decision (E) the Fugitive Slave Act was unconstitutional in territories gained from Mexico
answer
C
question
255. Which of the following was not true of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? (A) It was overturned by the Dred Scott decision. (B) It repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820. (C) It allowed for popular sovereignty within the region. (D) It allowed for the creation of a transcontinental railroad. (E) It was an attempt to gain southern support for Stephen Douglas.
answer
A
question
256. Which of the following statements best explains Abraham Lincoln's opposition to the Crittenden Compromise? (A) It was deemed a violation of states' rights. (B) It allowed for popular sovereignty to be overturned after a territory gained statehood. (C) It would cause Kentucky to secede from the Union. (D) It would reinstate the Missouri Compromise. (E) It allowed for the institution of slavery to expand.
answer
E
question
257. Which of the following best describes the goal of John Brown's raid of Harpers Ferry? (A) Raiding the military arsenal to supply later slave uprisings (B) Liberating the slaves being held there (C) Defeating the southern militias stationed in the region (D) Taking the pro-slavery governor hostage to bargain for the release of slaves within the state (E) Preventing pro-slavery groups from influencing popular sovereignty in western territories
answer
A
question
258. The Free-Soil Party's platform could best be described as (A) opposing the expansion of slavery into western territories (B) calling for the expansion of the Homestead Act, providing cheaper land sales in the West (C) calling for the restriction of immigrants coming into the United States (D) advocating the notion of popular sovereignty in western territories (E) opposing protective tariffs and high domestic excise taxes
answer
A
question
259. Which of the following was not a position supported by the Republican Party prior to the Civil War? (A) Higher wages for labor (B) Protective tariffs (C) Construction of a transcontinental railroad (D) Stemming the influx of immigrants (E) Halting the expansion of slavery
answer
D
question
260. Which of the following most accurately summarizes James Buchanan's legacy as president? (A) A sympathizer of abolitionism who pandered needlessly to the proslavery South (B) A strict constitutionalist, which may have limited his ability to preserve the Union (C) An accomplished leader in fiscal matters, but weak in diplomacy between the states (D) A strong proponent of education and the expansion of colleges (E) A great unifier of the Democratic Party, though faced with insurmountable challenges
answer
B
question
261. Which of the following statements best describes the presidential administration of Franklin Pierce? (A) It supported both the abolitionist movement and expansion. (B) It supported slavery but was conciliatory toward abolitionism. (C) It supported the abolitionist movement but was conciliatory toward slavery. (D) It supported slavery but did not support expansion. (E) It supported both slavery and expansion.
answer
E
question
262. The government established by the Confederacy during the Civil War was most similar to (A) the Articles of Confederation (B) the Second Continental Congress (C) the U.S. government under the Constitution (D) the British parliamentary government (E) a military dictatorship
answer
A
question
263. The first shots fired during the Civil War are associated with which location? (A) Gettysburg (B) Fort McHenry (C) Appomattox Court House (D) Fort Sumter (E) Fort Lee
answer
D
question
264. Which of the following Civil War battles occurred first? (A) Battle of Shiloh (B) Battle of Fredericksburg (C) Battle of Chancellorsville (D) First Battle of Bull Run (E) Battle of Antietam
answer
D
question
265. Why did the North need to maintain control of the border states during the Civil War? (A) Control of the border states would have given the South access to much-needed centers of industry. (B) President Lincoln needed the region's political support to maintain the presidency. (C) The North relied on the slave labor in the region for production. (D) The border states created an impenetrable buffer zone between the North and South. (E) The land of the border states was vital for the completion of a transcontinental railroad.
answer
A
question
266. Which of the following was a Union advantage over the Confederacy during the Civil War? (A) Th e Union could fight mainly a defensive war. (B) Th e Union had more experienced generals. (C) Th e Union had a better-funded treasury. (D) Britain off ered the Union its military support. (E) Th e Union had greater support from its citizens.
answer
C
question
267. Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation? (A) All slaves were freed in both the North and the South. (B) The practice of slavery was ended in the border states only. (C) The slaves of the Confederacy were freed. (D) All slaves who joined the Union army would be freed. (E) Slaves were freed in the North but not in the border states.
answer
C
question
268. Lincoln's primary objective for suspending the writ of habeas corpus was to (A) suppress Southern sympathizers in border states (B) better control the newspapers in the North (C) bolster the size of the army with a draft (D) be allowed to end slavery officially in the capital (E) increase taxes to better fund the war effort
answer
A
question
269. During the Civil War, "Copperheads" referred to (A) supporters of the Anaconda Plan (B) Northern supporters of the Confederacy (C) Radical Republicans who supported the Union (D) police officers who broke up the draft riots (E) coinage minted with engravings of the presidents
answer
B
question
270. In George McClellan's race for the presidency, he stated he would (A) call for a total Union victory (B) suspend habeas corpus in rebellious regions (C) reinstitute slavery in the border states (D) call for negotiations ending the war (E) employ a naval blockade around the Confederacy
answer
D
question
271. The use of total warfare during the Civil War was best illustrated by (A) Pickett's Charge under Lee (B) the naval blockade under Scott (C) the March to the Sea under Sherman (D) the Peninsula Campaign under McClellan (E) Burnside's Charge at Fredericksburg
answer
C
question
272. Which of the following battles was a clear Union victory? (A) First Battle of Bull Run (B) Battle of Fredericksburg (C) Battle of Chancellorsville (D) Battle of Shiloh (E) Battle of Cold Harbor
answer
D
question
273. Which of the following was an advantage the South had in the Civil War? (A) The size of the Southern population (B) Development of the Southern infrastructure (C) A unified and strong central government (D) The support of Britain and France (E) Experienced military leadership
answer
E
question
274. What was the primary strategy of the Confederacy during the early part of the Civil War? (A) Drafting large numbers of Southerners to match the size of the Union army (B) Waging a war of attrition against the Union (C) Attacking the North through the Mississippi River (D) Creating a naval blockade along the northern Atlantic coast (E) Capturing key shipping ports in New England
answer
B
question
275. General McClellan was ultimately removed from his command by President Lincoln because (A) Lincoln believed McClellan was overly cautious and too slow to engage (B) McClellan's loss at the First Battle of Bull Run was seen as a military embarrassment (C) McClellan was caught selling military secrets to Confederate spies (D) Lincoln thought McClellan's strategies were too risky (E) McClellan's political views were unpopular in the North
answer
A
question
276. Of the following battles, which two were considered a major turning point in the Civil War? (A) Battles of Cold Harbor and Antietam (B) First and Second Battles of Bull Run (C) Battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg (D) Battles of Shiloh and Hampton Roads (E) Battles of Fort Sumter and Fredericksburg
answer
C
question
277. The Gettysburg Address most notably (A) declared the end of slavery in the South (B) reaffirmed the notions of freedom and equality (C) demanded that the British and French side with the Union (D) called for the South to surrender immediately (E) announced a plan for reconciliation with the South
answer
B
question
278. The focus of the Union's Anaconda Plan was to (A) divide the Confederacy along the Mississippi River (B) lead an overland campaign taking the Confederate capital (C) take a defensive approach and win through attrition (D) incite slave riots in the South (E) bring Mexico into the war, opening a second front
answer
A
question
279. The Merrimac and Monitor are most associated which battle? (A) Memphis (B) Port Hudson (C) Hampton Roads (D) Fort Donelson (E) New Orleans
answer
C
question
280. Dorothea Dix is remembered most in the Civil War for (A) her role as a Confederate spy (B) her contributions as a nurse (C) helping to invent smokeless cartridges (D) her leadership in eastern battles (E) promoting abolitionist literature
answer
B
question
281. Abraham Lincoln differed from Jefferson Davis in that Davis (A) supported negotiating a peaceful end to the war by 1863 (B) had great experience in government and leadership (C) was better at gaining and directing popular support to his advantage (D) was a strict constitutionalist (E) was unable to work with government and the public
answer
B
question
282. Which of the following did not aid the economy of the North during the Civil War? (A) The Morrill Tariff (B) The Legal Tender Act (C) The Force Bill (D) The National Bank Act (E) The issuing of greenbacks
answer
C
question
283. Which of the following statements was not true of the Confederacy during the Civil War? (A) It lacked sufficient textile factories for troop uniforms. (B) It had few rifle factories. (C) It suffered from food shortages. (D) It was plagued by large slave uprisings. (E) Its currency lacked value.
answer
D
question
284. Which of the following statements best describes the role of African-Americans during the Civil War? (A) African-Americans were readily conscripted into combat duty early on both sides. (B) At the war's start, the North quickly created numerous African-American combat units. (C) While the Union desegregated its military, the Confederacy refused. (D) African-Americans were not allowed to serve in either side's navy. (E) The Emancipation Proclamation increased African-American enlistments in the North.
answer
E
question
285. Which of the following was not an innovation used during the Civil War? (A) Canned foods (B) The Gatling gun (C) The zeppelin (D) The torpedo (E) The submarine
answer
C
question
286. Which event marked the end of the Civil War? (A) General Lee's men were surrounded at Appomattox. (B) The Army of Northern Virginia was defeated at Gettysburg. (C) General Grant's army won a victory at Vicksburg. (D) The Union army completed General Sherman's March to the Sea. (E) President Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address.
answer
A
question
287. President Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction was opposed by some Radical Republicans because they (A) felt it was too harsh on Southerners (B) felt it was too lenient on the South (C) believed it was too generous to the freedmen (D) believed it would be impractical to carry out (E) worried it would raise taxes too high
answer
B
question
288. What post-Civil War event is most associated with Ford's Theatre? (A) Andrew Johnson's impeachment (B) Lee's official surrender to Grant (C) Abraham Lincoln's assassination (D) Finalization of the Compromise of 1877 (E) The first Ku Klux Klan meeting
answer
C
question
289. The Reconstruction plans of both Lincoln and Johnson included (A) a requirement that a majority of citizens sign sworn statements of allegiance (B) a call for immediate elections in former Confederate states (C) the passage of the Civil Rights Act (D) The requirement that Southern states ratify the Thirteenth Amendment (E) the redistribution of land
answer
D
question
290. Which of the following actions was taken by state governments in the South to improve economic conditions? (A) Reinstituting slavery (B) Lowering cotton prices (C) Redistributing land (D) Constructing railroads and businesses (E) Lowering taxes
answer
D
question
291. Which of the following would be considered an achieved success of Reconstruction in the South? (A) Racist policies were ended. (B) Industrialization was successfully implemented. (C) African-Americans were given redistributed land. (D) A public school system was successfully created. (E) Tensions with the North were ended.
answer
D
question
292. The Ku Klux Klan formed during Reconstruction with the purpose of (A) fighting Union armies stationed in the South (B) keeping African-Americans from exercising rights (C) taking control of Southern state governments (D) restarting the Confederacy (E) helping poor whites improve their economic status
answer
B
question
293. Which of the following statements describes a provision of the 1867 Reconstruction Act? (A) The law divided the South into districts run by the Union military. (B) The law established a system to end Reconstruction. (C) The law allowed for the legalization of Black Codes. (D) The law created a system for Southern generals to receive pardons. (E) The law created a system of sharecropping to boost the Southern economy.
answer
A
question
294. The purpose of the Force Acts was primarily to (A) limit the actions of the Ku Klux Klan (B) impose segregated accommodations in the South (C) limit the president's ability to fire cabinet members (D) divide the South into military districts (E) force Southerners to take loyalty oaths
answer
A
question
295. The practice of slavery was officially ended in the United States with (A) the Emancipation Proclamation (B) passage of the Twelfth Amendment (C) passage of the Th irteenth Amendment (D) passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (E) passage of the Fifteenth Amendment
answer
C
question
296. Following the Civil War, the rights of freedmen were restricted by Southern governments through (A) refusal to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment (B) the holding of constitutional conventions (C) creation of Black Codes (D) refusal to pay debts remaining from the war (E) division of the South into military districts
answer
C
question
297. Which action under Reconstruction officially overturned the Dred Scott decision? (A) Lincoln's Reconstruction plan (B) Johnson's Reconstruction plan (C) The Thirteenth Amendment (D) The Fourteenth Amendment (E) The Fifteenth Amendment
answer
D
question
298. During the period of Reconstruction, the term scalawags referred to (A) Southern whites who supported Radical Republicans (B) opportunistic Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War (C) former slaves who were elected into local offices in the South (D) former Confederate officials who took loyalty oaths and received pardons (E) former slaves who moved to find work in Northern cities
answer
A
question
299. Which government action extended suffrage to African-American males during Reconstruction? (A) The creation of the Freedman's Bureau (B) The passage of the Thirteenth Amendment (C) The passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (D) The passage of the Fifteenth Amendment (E) The passage of the Sixteenth Amendment
answer
D
question
300. President Johnson was impeached officially because he (A) refused to send the military to the South, as required by the 1867 Reconstruction Act (B) illegally removed a cabinet member from office (C) illegally used Reconstruction funds for personal gain (D) vetoed the Radical Republican plans for Reconstruction (E) illegally assumed power upon President Lincoln's death
answer
B
question
301. The 1869 Supreme Court decision in Texas v. White stated that (A) Texas, based on its annexation into the Union, still had the right to secede (B) the notion of "separate but equal" was legal (C) the Ku Klux Klan was protected under the First Amendment (D) citizens could not be denied rights based on race or color (E) it was illegal for states to secede from the Union
answer
E
question
302. Which of the following actions was not taken by Ulysses S. Grant as president during Reconstruction? (A) Passing legislation to protect the rights of African-Americans to vote (B) Passing legislation to suppress the infl uence of the Ku Klux Klan (C) Extending pardons to a broader number of Confederates (D) Increasing the size of the Northern military in the South (E) Overseeing the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment
answer
D
question
303. During Reconstruction, the Wade-Davis Bill stated that Southern states could reenter the Union after (A) they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment (B) they ratified the Fifteenth Amendment (C) a third of the voters took loyalty pledges (D) half of the voters took loyalty pledges (E) two-thirds of the voters took loyalty pledges
answer
B
question
304. During Reconstruction, most former slaves found employment mainly as (A) factory workers (B) sharecroppers (C) skilled craftsmen (D) members of the military (E) wage laborers
answer
B
question
305. The Depression of 1873 most directly resulted in (A) Ulysses S. Grant failing to be renominated for president (B) Republicans losing control of the Senate in the following election (C) Republicans losing control of the presidency in the following election (D) Republicans losing control of the House of Representatives in the following election (E) Republicans breaking up into divided factions
answer
C
question
306. Which corruption scandal is most associated with the administration of Ulysses S. Grant? (A) Whiskey Ring Scandal (B) Teapot Dome Scandal (C) Star Route Scandal (D) Whitewater Scandal (E) XYZ Aff air
answer
A
question
307. During the Reconstruction Era, the fastest-growing sector of the economy was (A) cotton production (B) tobacco production (C) the shipping industry (D) the railroad industry (E) the cattle industry
answer
D
question
308. In return for helping Rutherford B. Hayes win the presidency, the Republicans promised the Democrats that (A) they would stop enforcing laws that suppressed activities of the Ku Klux Klan (B) they would repeal the 1875 Civil Rights Act (C) the occupation of the South by federal troops would be ended (D) the U.S. Treasury would adopt a policy of bimetallism to help Southern farmers (E) the practice of separate but equal would be upheld
answer
C
question
309. Which of the following was not a result of the Compromise of 1877? (A) Military occupation of the South ended. (B) The Republicans maintained control of the White House. (C) The Force Acts were overturned. (D) Another transcontinental railroad was authorized to be constructed in the South. (E) Reconstruction was ended.
answer
C
question
310. In the case United States v. Cruikshank, the Supreme Court found that (A) the 1875 Civil Rights Act was unconstitutional (B) the federal government could not discriminate based on race (C) "separate but equal" was legal (D) only states could enforce the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871 (E) voter qualification requirements were illegal
answer
D
question
311. What are Jim Crow laws? (A) Actions created by the federal government but not enforced by the states (B) Laws creating segregated accommodations (C) Laws created to further ensure equal rights (D) Laws limiting actions of groups such as the Ku Klux Klan (E) Actions or laws enforced only through social conventions
answer
B
