question

Silk Roads

answer

A system of ancient caravan routes across Central Asia, along which traders carried silk and other trade goods.

question

Black Death

answer

14th century bubonic plague epidemic; decimated populations in Asia and Europe.

question

Indian Ocean trading network

answer

The world's largest sea-based system of communication and exchange before 1500 C.E., Indian Ocean commerce stretched from southern China to eastern Africa and included not only the exchange of luxury and bulk goods but also the exchange of ideas and crops.

question

Srivijaya

answer

A state based on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, between the seventh and eleventh centuries C.E. It amassed wealth and power by a combination of selective adaptation of Indian technologies and concepts, and control of trade routes.

question

Borobudir

answer

9th-century Mahayana Buddhist Temple in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.

question

Angkor Wat

answer

A temple complex built in the Khmer Empire and dedicated to the Hindu God, Vishnu.

question

Swahili Civilization

answer

An East African Civilization that emerged in the eighth century CE from a blending of Bantu, Islamic, and other Indian Ocean trade elements.

question

Great Zimbabwe

answer

City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state.

question

Sand Roads

answer

term used to describe the routes of the trans-Saharan trade in Africa

question

trans-Saharan slave trade

answer

A fairly small-scale trade that developed in the 12th century with west African slaves captured in raids being exported across the Sahara for sale mostly as household servants in Islamic North Africa

question

American web

answer

The network of trade that linked parts of the pre-Columbian Americas. Provided a means of exchange for luxury goods and ideas over large areas

question

Thorfinn Karlsefni

answer

1010- led 250 people to vinland, vikings stayed there for about three years

question

pochteca

answer

Special merchant class in Aztec society; specialized in long-distance trade in luxury items

question

Sui Dynasty

answer

(589-618 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was like the Qin Dynasty in imposing tight political discipline; this dynasty built the Grand Canal which helped transport the rice in the south to the north.

question

Tang/Tan Dynasty

answer

(618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system.

question

Song Dynasty

answer

(960 - 1279 AD); this dynasty was started by Tai Zu; by 1000, a million people were living there; started feet binding; had a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); first to have paper money, explosive gun powder; *landscape black and white paintings

question

Hangzhou

answer

Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million.

question

economic revolution

answer

growth of towns and the rise of a class of wealthy merchants in Europe; population remains mostly rural and poor; increased wealth of nation; creation of national identity

question

foot binding

answer

Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household

question

tribute system

answer

Chinese method of dealing with foreign lands and people's that assumed the subordination of all non-Chinese authorities and required the payment of tribute to the Chinese emperor

question

Xiongnu

answer

A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off these "barbarians," as they called them, and dispersed them in 1st Century. (168)

question

Khitan/Jurchen people

answer

"Barbarians" Northern steppe Nomads. Encompassed (created states in) parts of China after Han collapse and again after Tang collapse. Gained so much power ordered Southern Song Dynasty to pay them tribute. One of the groups immersed themselves farthest in becoming Chinese

question

Silla Dynasty (Korea)

answer

The first ruling dynasty to bring a measure of political unity to the Korean peninsula (688-900 CE); allied w/ Tan Dysnasty

question

hangul

answer

alphabet that uses symbols to represent the sounds of spoken Korean

question

chu nom

answer

A variation of Chinese writing developed in Vietnam that became the basis for an independent national literature; "southern script"

question

Shotoku Taishi

answer

Japanese statesman (572-622) who launched the drive to make Japan into a centralized bureaucratic state modeled on China; he is best known for the Seventeen Article Constitution

question

bushido

answer

"the way of the warrior"; Japanese word for the Samurai life ; Samurai moral code was based on loyalty, chivalry, martial arts, and honor until the death

question

Izumi Shikibu

answer

mid-Heian period Japanese poet known for her love poems and romance

question

Chinese Buddhism

answer

this was China's only large-scale cultural borrowing before the twentieth century; it entered China from India in the first and second centuries CE but only became popular in 300-800 CE through a series of cultural accommodations; at first supported by the state, it suffered persecution during the ninth century but continued to play a role in Chinese society

question

Emperor Wendi

answer

Sui emperor (reigned 581-604 CE) who spread Buddhism throughout his state

question

Quran

answer

Book composed of divine revelations made to the Prophet Muhammad between ca. 610 and his death in 632; the sacred text of the religion of Islam.

question

umma

answer

The community of all Muslims. A major innovation against the background of seventh-century Arabia, where traditionally kinship rather than faith had determined membership in a community.

question

Five Pillars of Islam

answer

true Muslims were expected to follow (principle of Salvation): belief in Allah, pray 5 times a day, giving of alms, fasting during Ramadan, pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime

question

hijra

answer

The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam

question

sharia

answer

the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed, was not followed to some extent in early sudanitic socities as anscestors were traced from the matrilineal line

question

jizya

answer

Head tax paid by all non-Muslims (Christians/Jews) in Islamic lands.

question

ulama

answer

the body of mullahs (Muslim scholars trained in Islam and Islamic law) who are the interpreters of Islam's sciences and doctrines and laws and the chief guarantors of continuity in the spiritual and intellectual history of the Islamic community

question

Umayyad caliphate

answer

(661-750 CE) The Islamic caliphate that established a capital at Damascus, conquered North Africa, the Iberian Pennisula, Southwest Asia, and Persia, and had a bureaucracy with only Arab Muslims able to be a part of it.

question

Abbasid caliphate

answer

(750-1258 CE) The caliphate, after the Umayyads, who focused more on administration than conquering. Had a bureaucracy that any Mulim could be a part of.

question

Sufism

answer

A movement within Islam towards mysticism, spiritualism, and meditative philosophy. Extremely influenced by Plato

question

al-Ghazali

answer

Brilliant Islamic theologian; struggled to fuse Greek and Qur'anic traditions; not entirely accepted by ulama

question

Sikhism

answer

A belief system which blends Hindu traditions with Islamic monotheistic traditions. Based in India and Pakistan.

question

Ibn Battuta

answer

Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records, providing historians with much information about the Saharan trade

question

Timbuktu

answer

Mali trading city that became a center of wealth and learning

question

Mansa Musa

answer

1312 CE-1337 CE The tenth ruler of Mali, and devout Muslim, whose extravagant pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world

question

al-Andalus

answer

A Muslim-ruled region in what is now Spain, established by the Berbers in the eighth century A.D.

question

madrassas

answer

Formal colleges for higher institutions in the teaching of Islam as well as in secular subjects founded throughout the Islamic world in beginning in the 11th century

question

House of Wisdom

answer

Combination library, academy, and translation center in Baghdad established in the 800s.

question

Ibn Sina

answer

A Persian doctor that showed how diseases spread from one person to another.

question

Nubian Christianity

answer

Emerging in the fifth and sixth centuries in the several kingdoms of Nubia to the south of Egypt, this Christian church thrived for six hundred years but had largelydisappeared by 1500 C.E. by which time most ofthe region's population practiced Islam.

question

Jesus sutras

answer

early Chinese language manuscripts of Christian teachings. They are connected with the 7th century mission of Alopen

question

Ethiopian Christianity

answer

retained basic Christian theology and rituals, reflected the interests of its African devotees. Believed a large host of evil spirits populate the world

question

Byzantine Empire

answer

(330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.

question

Constantinople

answer

A place previously known as Byzantium which became the capitol of the Roman Empire or "new Rome"

question

Justinian

answer

6th century Byzantine emperor; failed to reconquer the western portions of the empire; rebuilt Constatinople; codified Roman law

question

caesaropapism

answer

-the idea of combining the power of secular government with the religious power, or making it superior to, the spiritual authority of the church // Ceaso - "king" & pap - "pope"

question

Eastern Orthodox Christianity

answer

Eastern branch of Christianity that evolved following the division of the Roman Empire and the subsequent development of the Byzantine Empire in the east and the medieval European society in the west. The church recognized the primacy of the patriarch of Constantinople

question

icons

answer

A painting of Christ or another holy figure, used as an aid to devotion in the Byzantine and other Eastern Churches. Disputes occurred over claims that icons were worshiped more than the people themselves.

question

Prince Vladimir of Kiev

answer

He was the Russian prince who selected Greek Orthodoxy as the national religion. This added cultural bonds to the Byzantine Empire to the already existing commercial ties

question

Kievan Rus

answer

A monarchy established in present day Russia in the 6th and 7th centuries. It was ruled through loosely organized alliances with regional aristocrats from. The Scandinavians coined the term "Russia". It was greatly influenced by Byzantine

question

Charlemagne

answer

800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. His palace was at Aachen in central Europe

question

Holy Roman Empire

answer

An empire established in Europe in the 10th century A.D., originally consisting mainly of lands in what is now Germany and Italy

question

Roman Catholic Church

answer

Church established in western Europe during the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages with its head being the bishop of Rome or pope.

question

Western Christendom

answer

Western European branch of Christianity that gradually defined itself as separate from Eastern Orthodoxy, with a major break in 1054 C.E. that has still not been healed.

question

Cecilia Penifader

answer

...

question

the Crusades

answer

(1095- 1270) Eight crusades done by Western Christians to attempt to win back lands conquered by Muslims, specifically Jerusalem. In 1270, Crusaders believing the Eastern Orthodox religion was heresy, they conquered the Byzantine Empire.

question

Ghana

answer

First known kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa between the sixth and thirteenth centuries C.E. Also the modern West African country once known as the Gold Coast. Islam was mainly used to reinforce the concept of kingship(A Royal Cult), and much of the population never converted.

question

Mali

answer

Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade. Timbuktu, Sundiata, Griots, juula, Mansu Musa, (GOLD and lots of it) might also come to mind. Was after Ghana Empire but before Songhay Empire.

question

Songhay

answer

Successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Niger valley; formed as independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali

AP World History Unit Three Vocab – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards