Ap world history ch1 – Flashcards
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someone who crafts an object with raw materials
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artisan
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a self-governing urban center and the agricultural territories it controlled.
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city state
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when human society has advanced to share elements of government, architecture, ideas, etc.
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civilization
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wedge shaped writing / the "first" writing done with a stylus on a damp clay tablet and preserved through drying in the sun
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Cuneiform
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when rule of a country or empire passes down through the family from one generation to the next
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dynasty
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the epic story of the king, Gilgamesh, who searched for immortality. This is a Sumerian legend and is believed to be the first story
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Gilgamesh
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supplying water to agricultural land by artificial means
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irrigation
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the worship of many gods
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polytheism
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someone who writes / usually a revered position in ancient society
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scribe
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refers to a family of languages spoken in parts of western Asia and northern Africa
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Semitic
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multistory, mud-brick pyramid shaped tower approached my ramps and stairs. administrative building.
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ziggurat
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tools used to make and grow food
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farming technology
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first domestication of plants and animals occurs here
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Fertile Crescent
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To tame animals and wild plants so that they would have a steady supply of food
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Domesticate
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Greek meaning of the land between 2 rivers. Name for the Large Plain that stretches between the Tigris River and the east of the Euphrates River on the west
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Mesopotamia
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A marshy area where a river splits into smaller streams
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Delta
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To bring water to their fields
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Irrigate
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A low earthen wall
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Dikes
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goods were exchanged for other goods
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Barter economy
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are people who sell their writing skills for a living, kept records and accounts on clay table
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Scribe
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the art of designing buildings
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Architecture
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language written with a reed to make strokes and wedges.
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Cuneiform
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the series of laws made by Hammurabi, a king of the group of people called Babylonians. It is very detailed and it is recorded on a Stela.
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Hammurabi's Code of Laws
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a warming period in the neolithic age
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holocene
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to follow herds of animals
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pastoralism
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formed a uniform system of weights and measures and standardized formats for documents and unified Mesopotamia
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Sargon
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"big man," or early form of king
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lugal
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a trinket or piece of jewelry thought to be a protection against evil
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amulet
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inheritance passed through the father
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patrilineal
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inheritance passed through the mother
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matrilineal
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important religious city, an early city-state in Mesopotamia
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Nippur
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big stone rocks
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megaliths
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people who move with herds of animals
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pasturalists
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transformation, development,transmission
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history
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first pharaoh to build pyramids
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Djoser
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sun god
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Ra
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god of underworld
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osiris
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Egyptian writing system consisting of pictures
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hieroglyphics
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unified Egypt and became their leader
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Menes
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king & high-ranking officials
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highest social class of Egypt
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local leaders, officials, priests, artisans, farmers
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second highest social class of Egypt
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peasants
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third highest social class of Egypt
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royalty, high-ranking officials, warriors, priests, merchants, artisans
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highest class of Mesopotamia
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farmers
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Second highest class of Mesopotamia
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slaves
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Third highest class of Mesopotamia
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give human qualities to non-living things
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Anthropomorphic (gods in mesopotamia)
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stable and not anthropomorphic
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gods in egypt
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two main gods of mesopotamia. tiamot (female sea god) was killed by marduk (male god)
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Marduk and Tiamot
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hunters and food gatherers
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forager
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agriculture revolution where farming and agriculture took over. more complex stone tools for farming.
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Neolithic Age (common era)
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foragers gather food. primitive stone tools are used.
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Paleolithic B.C.E (before common era)
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8000 b.c.e - 2000 b.c.e
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Neolithic time period
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2 million- 8000 b.c.e
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Paleolithic time period
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era where most tools were made of stone
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Stone Age
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most important city in southern Mesopotamia in the second and first millennia b.c.e
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Babylon
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means "land between the rivers"
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Mesopotamia
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clay.
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Mesopotamia's abundant resource
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the divinely authorized order of the universe
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ma'at
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series of stone platforms laid one on top of the other
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pyramid
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capitals of ruling dynasties in Egypt
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Memphis and Thebes
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writing material in Egypt
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papyrus
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corpse filled with packing materials and is immersed with cadaver.
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mummy
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early cities in the Indus Valley founded on irrigation, central planning. had sewage lines.
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Mohenjo-Daro, Harappa
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equal. everyone has rights.
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egalitarian
