AP World: Chapter 4 Early Societies in South Asia – Flashcards
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Aryans
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European tribes who settled in India after 1500 B.C.E.; their union with indigenous Dravidians formed the basis of Hinduism.
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Brahmins
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Hindu caste of priests.
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Dravidians
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Peoples who produced the brilliant Harappan society in India, 3000-1500 B.C.E.
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Harappan
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Early brilliant Indian society centered around Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.
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Harappan
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Early brilliant Indian society centered around Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.
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Indra
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Early Indian god associated with the Aryans; Indra was the king of the gods and was associated with warfare and thunderbolts.
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Jati
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Indian word for a Hindu subcaste.
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Karma
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Hindu concept that the sum of good and bad in a person's life will determine his or her status in the next life.
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Kshatriyas
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Hindu caste of warriors and aristocrats.
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Lawbook of Manu
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A moral code prepared in the first century B.C.E. in India dictating the role of women in Indian society.
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Moksha
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Hindu concept of the salvation of the soul.
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Neolithic
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New Stone Age (10,000-4000 B.C.E.), which was marked by the discovery and mastery of agriculture.
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Prakit
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Daily-use language of the early Aryans.
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Samsara
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Hindu term for the concept of transmigration, that is, the soul passing into a new incarnation.
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Sanskrit
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Sacred language of the early Aryans
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Sati
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Also known as suttee, Indian practice of a widow throwing herself on the funeral pyre of her husband.
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Shudras
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Hindu caste of landless peasants and serfs.
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Upanishads
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Indian reflections and dialogues (800-400 B.C.E.) that reflected basic Hindu concepts.
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Vaishyas
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Hindu caste of cultivators, artisans, and merchants.
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Varna
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Hindu word for caste.
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Varuna
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Aryan god who watched over the behavior of mortals and preserved the cosmic order.
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Vedas
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"Wisdom," early collections of prayers and hymns that provide information about the Indo-European Aryans who migrated into India around 1500 B.C.E.; Rig Veda is most important collection.
