Ap US History ch 3 vocabulary part 2

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John Winthrop
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As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a \"city upon a hill\" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world.
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Massachusetts Bay Company
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joint-stock company chartered by Charles I in 1629. It was controlled by Non-Separatists who took the charter with them to New England and, in effect, converted it into a written constitution for the colony.
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Great Migration
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movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920
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Oliver Cromwell
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English military, political, and religious figure who led the Parliamentarian victory in the English Civil War (1642-1649) and called for the execution of Charles I. As lord protector of England (1653-1658) he ruled as a virtual dictator.
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\"grammar\" schools
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elementary schools that emphasized reading and writing, early elementary schools; older students learned to read Greek and Latin as well as math, rhetoric, and natural philosophy
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Harvard College
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the first American college, established in 1636 by Puritan theologians who wanted to create a training center for ministers. The school was named for John Harvard, a Charleston minister, who had left it his library and half his estate
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Salem Witch Trial
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Several accusations of witchcraft led to sensational trials in Salem, Massachusetts at which Cotton Mather presided as the chief judge. 18 people were hanged as witches. Afterwards, most of the people involved admitted that the trials and executions had been a terrible mistake.
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Thomas Hooker
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A Puritan minister who led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay to Connecticut because he believed that the governor and other officials had too much power. He wanted to set up a colony in Connecticut with strict limits on government.
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Fundamental orders
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The constitution of the Connecticut River colony drawn up in 1639, it established a government controlled in democratic style by the \"substantial\" citizens.
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Roger Williams
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He founded Rhode Island for separation of Church and State. He believed that the Puritans were too powerful and was ordered to leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious beliefs.
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Anne Hutchinson
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She preached the idea that God communicated directly to individuals instead of through the church elders. She was forced to leave Massachusetts in 1637. Her followers (the Antinomianists) founded the colony of New Hampshire in 1639.
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dissenter
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Protestants who differed with the church of England
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Art of Trade and Navigation
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Traveling and navigating between the old world and the new world.
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Charles II
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King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration, a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as strong opposition to Catholicism
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Restoration Colonies
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was one of a number of land grants in North America given by King Charles II of England in the latter half of the 17th century, ostensibly as a reward to his supporters in the Stuart Restoration. The grants marked the resumption of English colonization of the Americas after a 30-year hiatus. The two major restoration colonies were the Province of Pennsylvania and the Province of Carolina.
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Barbados
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imported as slaves to work the plantations, made up a majority of the population. Hundreds of Barbadians, both masters and their African slaves, relocated to South Carolina, lending a distinctly West Indian character to the colony.
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Edict of Nantes
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1598 - Granted the Huguenots liberty of conscience and worship.
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New Netherlands
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the dutch called this land claimed by Henry Hudson in New York this name
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James Duke of York
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brother of Charles II; took possession of the conquered Dutch province of New Netherland, renaming it NY, and conveyed ownership of the adjacent province of New Jersey to two of the Carolina proprietors.
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William Penn
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Penn, an English Quaker, founded Pennsylvania in 1682, after receiving a charter from King Charles II the year before. He launched the colony as a \"holy experiment\" based on religious tolerance.
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New Amsterdam
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a settlement established by the Dutch near the mouth of Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island
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New York
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one of the British colonies that formed the United States
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Society of Friends
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also known as Quakers, founded by Margaret Fell and George Fox, name came from shaking at the name of the Lord, rejected predestination and orginal sin, believed that all could achieve salvation, women held positions in the church
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Philadelphia
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the largest city in Pennsylvania
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King Philips War
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1675 - A series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wompanowogs, led by a chief known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The colonists won with the help of the Mohawks, and this victory opened up additional Indian lands for expansion.
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Metacomet
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1639-1676 Wamponoag sachem known to the English as King Philip. He led one of the last Native Americans battles against the colonist in New England in 1676.
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Bacon's Rebellion
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an uprising in 1676 in the Virginia Colony, led by Nathaniel Bacon. It was the first rebellion in the American colonies in which discontented frontiersmen took part; a similar uprising in Maryland occurred later that year. The uprising was a protest against the governor of Virginia, William Berkeley.
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James II
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This was the Catholic king of England after Charles II that granted everyone religious freedom and even appointed Roman Catholics to positions in the army and government
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Culpeper's Rebellion
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Rebellion against the colonial government in Carolina in 1677. The rebellion was lead by John Culpeper and was directed against the government's acceptance of English trade laws. The rebellion succeeded in disposing the governor and placing Culpeper in his position, but he was removed in 1679.
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Dominion of New England
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1686-The British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Andros). Ended in 1692, when the colonists revolted and drove out Governor Andros
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Edmund Andros
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He was the royal governor of the Dominion of New England. Colonists resented his enforcement of the Navigation Acts and the attempt to abolish the colonial assembly.
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Navigation Acts
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Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
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Glorious Revolution
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A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne and was replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband, Prince William of Orange.
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War of the League of Augsburg
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an aggressive war waged by Louis XIV against Spain and the Empire and England and Holland and other states (1689-1697)
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King William's War
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Also known as the War of the league of Augsburg, it lasted from 1689-1697. It was the third time the major European powers crushed the expansionist plans of King Louis XIV of France.
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English Board of Trade
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1701, they recommended making all charter and propriety governments into royal colonies.
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