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Patterns of emotions, behaviors, or thoughts inappropriate to the situation and leading to personal distress or the inability to achieve goals

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Psychopathology

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False sensory experiences such as hearing voices

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Hallucinations

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Extreme thinking disorders involving persistent false beliefs -paranioa

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Delusions

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Emotion or mood

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Affect

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View that mental disorders are diseases of the mind that, like physical diseases, have objective causes and require treatment

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Medical Model

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Psychological alternative to the medical model that views psychological disorders through a combination of social, cognitive, and behavioral

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Social Cognitive Behavioral Approach

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4th edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders which is the classification system most widely used in the US

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DSM-IV

question

Before the DSM-IV, common pattern of subjective distress, or self defeating behavior that did not show signs of brain abnormalities or irrational thinking

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Neurosis

question

Disorder involving profound disturbances in perception, rational thinking, or affect

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Psychosis

question

abnormal disturbances in emotion or mood

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Mood Disorders

question

Form of depression that does not alternate with mania

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Major Depression

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DSM-IV specific mood disorder that is believed to be a form of depression caused by the deprivation of sunlight

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Seasonal Pattern Specifier

question

Mental abnormalities involving alternating periods of mania (excessive excitement) and depression

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Bipolar Disorder

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Mental problems characterized mainly by anxiety

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Anxiety Disorder

question

Psychological problems characterized by persistent and pervasive feelings of anxiety without any external causes

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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Disturbance marked by panic attacks that have no obvious connection with present events

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Panic Disorder

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Fear of public places and open spaces that commonly accompanying panic disorder

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Agoraphobia

question

Group of anxiety disorders involving persistent and irrational fears of specific objects, activities, or situations

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Phobias

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Notion that we have an innate tendency, acquired through natural selection, to respond quickly and automatically to stimuli that posed survival threats to our ancestors

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Preparedness Hypothesis

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Condition characterized by patterns of persistent unwanted thoughts and behaviors

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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

question

psychological problems appearing in the form of bodily symptoms or physical complaints such as weakness or excessive worry about disease

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Somatoform Disorder

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Marked by paralysis, weakness, or loss of sensation but without any discernible physical cause

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Conversion Disorder

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Excessive concern about health and disease

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Hypochondriasis

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Group of pathologies involving fragmentation of the personality in which some parts of the personality have become detached from other parts

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Dissociative Disorder

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Psychologically induced loss of memory for personal info such as identity or residence

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Dissociative Amnesia

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Essentially the same as dissociative amnesia-loss of identity with the addition of fugue(flight) from ones home, family, and or job

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Dissociative Fugue

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Abnormality involving the sensation that mind and body have separated - an out of body experience

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Depersonalization Disorder

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Condition in which someone displays multiple identities or personalities

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Dissociative Identity Disorder

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Eating disorder that involves persistent loss of appetite that endangers an individuals health

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Anorexia Nervosa

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Eating disorder characterized by eating binges followed by purging induced by vomiting or laxitives

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Bulimia Nervosa

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Psychotic disorder involving distortions in thoughts, perception, and or emotions

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Schizophrenia

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Conditions involving chronic history of poor judgement, disordered thinking, emotional disturbances, disrupted social relationships, or lack of impulse control

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Personality Disorder

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Exaggerated sense of self importance, need for constant attention or admiration, and a preoccupation with fantasies of success or power

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Narcissistic Personality Disorder

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Long standing pattern of irresponsible behavior, indicating a lack of conscious and a diminished sense of responsibility to others

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Antisocial Personality Disorder

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Unstable and impulsive personality type

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Borderline Personality Disorder

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Disabilities in language, social interaction, and the ability to understand another persons state of mind

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Autism

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Reading disability thought to involve a brain disorder

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Dyslexia

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Involves short attention span, distractability, and extreme difficulty in remaining inactive for any period

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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A legal term, not a psychological or psychiatric term, refers to a person who is unstable because of mental disorders or defects to conform their behavior to the law

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Insanity

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General term for any treatment process: in psychology and psychiatry, therapy refers to a variety of psychological and bio medical techniques aimed at dealing with mental disorders or coping with problems of living

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Therapy

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Collectively called psychotherapy-focuses on changing disordered thoughts, feelings, and behavior using psychological techniques that comes in two main forms, insight therapy: helping people understand their problems and change their thoughts, and behavior therapy: behavior change

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Psychological Therapy

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Focuses on treating mental problems by changing underlying biology of the brain

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Biomedical Therapy

question

Psychotherapy in which the therapist helps patients/clients understand their problems and change the way they think and feel

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Insight Therapy

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Freudian therapy that probes the unconscious in an attempt to release conflicts and memories from the unconscious

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Psychoanalysis

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Analyzing and interpreting the patients relationship with the therapist based on the assumption that this relationship mirrors unresolved conflicts in patients past

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Analysis of Transference

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Therapies for mental disorders that were developed by psychodynamic theorists who embraced some of Freud's ideas but disagreed with others

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Neo-Freudian Therapy

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Treatment techniques based on the assumption that people have a tendency fro positive growth and self actualization

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Humanistic Therapy

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Humanistic approach developed by Carl Rogers emphasizing an individuals need to self actualize

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Client Centered Therapy

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Roger's technique of paraphrasing the clients words attempting to capture the emotional tone expressed

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Reflection of Feeling

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Emphasizes rational thinking as the key to treating mental disorders

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Cognitive Therapy

question

Any form of psychotherapy done with more than one client at a time

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Group Therapy

question

Groups that provide social support and an opportunity fro sharing ideas about dealing with common problems

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Self Help Support Groups

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Another term for behavior therapy

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Behavior Modification

question

Psychotherapy based on the principles of behavioral learning, especially operant and classical conditioning

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Behavior Therapy

question

Anxiety is extinguished by exposing the patient to an anxiety provoking stimulus

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Systematic Desensitization

question

Form of desensitization therapy where patients confront their fear/anxiety provoking stimulus directly as opposed to imaging the stimulus

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Exposure Therapy

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Aversive counter conditioning therapy where an attractive or tempting stimuli is paired with an unpleasant stimuli to make the tempting stimuli less provockative

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Aversion Therapy

question

Changing behavior by altering the consequences, especially rewards and punishments of behavior

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Contingency Management

question

Behavioral version of group therapy involving the distribution of tokens or other indicators of reinforcement that is contingent on desirable behaviors

answer

Token Economy

question

Social learning technique involving the client to observe and imitate another person who is modeling the desirable behavior

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Participant Modeling

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Combines cognitive emphasis on thoughts and attitudes with behavioral strategies

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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

question

Albert Ellis's cognitive therapy based on the idea that irrational thoughts and behaviors are the causes of mental disorders

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Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

question

Person who gives speaker feedback such as nodding, paraphrasing, asking questions

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Active Listener

question

Prescribed use of drugs to help treat symptoms of mental illness ostensibly to ensure that individuals are more receptive to talk therapies

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Psychopharmacology

question

Used to treat symptoms of psychosis including delusions, hallucinations, social withdrawal, and agitation

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Anti psychotic Drugs

question

Simple chemical compound that is highly effective in stabilizing the extreme mood swings of bipolar disorder

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Lithium Carbonate

question

Reduce stress and diminish feelings of anxiety, includes barbiturates and benzodiazepines

answer

Anti Anxiety Drugs

question

Drugs that normally increase activity level by encouraging communication among neurons in the brain

answer

Stimulants

question

Stimulants suppress this

answer

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

question

General term for surgical intervention in the brain to treat psychological disorders

answer

Psychosurgery

question

Treatment used primarily fro depression, involving the application of an electrical current to the temple producing a generalized seizure

answer

Electroconvulsive Therapy

question

Treatment involving magnetic stimulation of specific regions of the brain and does not produce a seizure

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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Program of treating mental disorders by making the institutional environment supportive and humane for patients

answer

Therapeutic Community

question

Policy of removing patients whenever possible from mental hospitals

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Deinstitutionalization

question

Effort to deinstitutionalize mental patients and provide therapy for outpatient clinics

answer

Community Mental Health Movement

AP Psychology: Chapters 12, 13 – Flashcards

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