question

Which of the following is true a) The absolute threshold for any stimulus is a constant B) the absolute threshold for any stimulus varies somewhat c) The absolute threshold is defined as the minimum amount of stimulation necessary for a stimulus to be deducted 75% of the time d) the absolute threshold is defined as the minimum amount of stimulation necessary for a stimulus to be detected 60% of the time

answer

B) the absolute threshold for any stimulus varies somewhat

question

If you can just notice the difference between 10 and 11 pound weights which of the following weights could you differentiate from 100 pound weight? a) 101 pound weight b)105 pound weight c) 110 pound weight d) there is no basis for prediction

answer

C) 110 pound weight

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A decrease in sensory responsiveness accompanying an unchanging stimulus is called a) sensory fatigue b)accommodation c)sensory adaptation d)sensory interaction

answer

c)Sensory adaptation

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The size of the people is controlled by the a)lens b) retina c) cornea d) Iris

answer

D) iris

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The process by which the lens changes it's curvature is a) accommodation be) sensory adaptation C) feature detection d)transduction

answer

A) accommodation

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The receptor of the eye that functions best in dim light is the a)fovea B)cone c) bipolar cell D) rod

answer

D) rod

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The Young- hemholtz theory proposes that a) there are 3 different types of color sensitive cones b) retinal cells are excited by one color and inhibited by its complementary color c) there are 4 different types of cones d) rod, not cone, vision accounts for our ability to detect fine visual detail

answer

a) there are 3 different types of color sensitive cones

question

Frequency is to pitch as ___ is to ___ a) wavelength; loudness b) amplitude; loudness c) wavelength; intensity d) amplitude; intensity

answer

b) amplitude; loudness

question

Our experience of pain when we are injured depends on a) our biological makeup and the type of injury we have sustained b) how well medical personnel deal with our injury c) our physiology, experiences, and attention, and surrounding culture d) what our culture allows us to express in terms of feelings of pain

answer

c) our physiology, experiences, and attention, and surrounding culture

question

According to the gate-control theory, a way to alleviate chronic pain would be to stimulate the ______ nerve fibers that ________ the spinal gate. a) small;open b) small; close c) large; open d) large; close

answer

d) large; close

question

The transduction of light energy into nerve impulses takes place in the a) iris b) retina c) lens d) optic nerve

answer

b) retina

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The brain breaks vision into separate dimensions such as color, depth, movement, and form and works on each aspect simultaneously. This is called a) feature detection b) parallel processing c) accommodation d) opponent processing

answer

b) parallel processing

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Kinesthesis involves a) the bones of the middle ear b) info from the bones, ears, tendons, and joints c) membranes within the cochlea d) the body's sense of balance

answer

b) info from the bones, ears, tendons, and joints

question

One light may appear reddish and another greenish if they differ in a) wavelength b) amplitude c) opponent process d) brightness

answer

a) wavelength

question

Which of the following explains why a rose appears equally red in bright and dim light? a) the Young-Helmholtz Theory b) the opponent process theory c) feature detection d) color constancy

answer

d) color constancy

question

Which of the following is an example of sensory adaptation? a) finding the cold water of a swimming pool warmer after you have been in it for a while b) developing an increased sensitivity to salt the more you use it in foods c) becoming very irritated at the continuing sound of a dripping faucet d) becoming increasingly annoyed by your neighbor's dog barking

answer

a) finding the cold water of a swimming pool warmer after you have been in it for a while

question

Most color deficient people will probably a) lack functioning red or green sensitive cones b) see the world in only black and white c) also suffer from poor vision d) have above avg vision to compensate for the deficit

answer

a) lack functioning red or green sensitive cones

question

The historical movement associated with the statement "The whole may exceed the sum of its parts" is a) parapsychology b) behavioral psychology c) functional psychology d) Gestalt psychology

answer

d) Gestalt psychology

question

Figures tend to be perceived as whole, complete objects, even if spaces or gaps exist in the representation, thus demonstrating the principle of a) connectedness b) similarity c) continuity d) closure

answer

d) closure

question

The figure-ground relationship has demonstrated that a) perception is largely innate b) perception is simply a point for point representation of sensation c) the same stimulus can trigger more than one perception d) different people see different things when viewing a scene

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c) the same stimulus can trigger more than one perception

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When we stare at an object, each eye receives a slightly different image, providing the depth cue known as a) interposition b) linear perspective c) relative motion d) retinal disparity

answer

d) retinal disparity

question

As we move, viewed objects cast changing shapes on our retinas, although we do not perceive the objects as changing. This is part of the phenomenon of a) perceptual constancy b) relative motion c) linear perspective d) continuity

answer

a) perceptual constancy

question

A person claiming to be able to read another's mind is claiming to have the ESP ability of a) psychokinesis b) precognition c) clairvoyance d) telepathy

answer

d) telepathy

question

Which philosopher maintained that knowledge comes from inborn ways of organizing our sensory experiences? a) John Locke b) Immanuel Kant c) Eleanor Gibson d) Richard Walk

answer

b) Immanuel Kant

question

Kittens and monkeys reared seeing only diffuse, unpatterned light a) later had difficulty distinguishing color and brightness b) later had difficulty perceiving color and brightness, but eventually regained normal sensitivity c) later had difficulty perceiving the shape of objects d) showed no impairment in perception, indicating that neural feature detectors develop even in the absence of normal sensory experiences

answer

c) later had difficulty perceiving the shape of objects

question

Adults who are born blind but later have their vision restored a) are almost immediately able to recognize familiar objects b) typically fail to recognize familiar objects c) are unable to follow moving objects with their eyes d) have excellent eye-hand coordination

answer

b) typically fail to recognize familiar objects

question

__________ processing refers to how the physical characteristics of stimuli influence their interpretation a) top down b) bottom up c) parapsychological d) psychophysical

answer

b) bottom up

question

WHich of the following is not a monocular depth cue? a) light and shadow b) relative height c) retinal disparity d) interposition

answer

c) retinal disparity

question

The Moon illusion occurs in part because distance cues at the horizon make the moon seem a) farther away and therefore larger b) closer and therefore larger c) farther away and therefore smaller d) closer and therefore smaller

answer

a) farther away and therefore larger

question

Figure is to ground as ____ is to ____ a) night;day b) top;bottom c) cloud; sky d) sensation; perception

answer

c) cloud; sky

question

The study of perception is primarily concerned with how we a) detect sights, sounds, and other stimuli b) sense environmental stimuli c) develop sensitivity to illusions d) interpret sensory stimuli

answer

d) interpret sensory stimuli

question

Jack claims that he often has dreams that predict future events. He claims to have the power of a) telepathy b) clairvoyance c) precognition d) psychokinesis

answer

c) precognition

question

Researchers who investigated telepathy found that a) when external distractions are reduced, both the "sender" and the "receiver" become much more accurate in demonstrating ESP b) only "senders" become much more accurate c) only "receivers" become much more accurate d) over many studies, neither "senders" nor "receivers" become more accurate

answer

d) over many studies, neither "senders" nor "receivers" become more accurate

question

The frequency theory of hearing is better than place theory at explaining our sensation of a) the lowest pitches b) pitches of intermediate range c) the highest pitches d) both high and low pitches

answer

a) the lowest pitches

question

The perceptual error in which we fail to see an object when our attention is directed elsewhere is a) sensory adaptation b) inattentional blindness c) perceptual adaptation d) transduction

answer

b) inattentional blindness

question

which of the following is NOT one of the basic tastes? a) sweet b) salty c) umami d) bland

answer

d) bland

question

Of the 4 distinct skin senses, the only one that has definable receptors is a) warmth b) cold c) pressure d) pain

answer

c) pressure

question

The process by which sensory info is converted into neural energy is

answer

d) trandsuction

question

The receptors for taste are located in the

answer

a) taste buds

question

The inner ear contains receptors for

answer

c) audition and the vestibular sense

question

According to the opponent process theory

answer

c) neurons involved in color vision are stimulated by one color's wavelength and inhibited by another's

question

What enables you to feel yourself wiggling your toes even with your eyes closed?

answer

b) kinesthesis

question

Hubel and Wiesel discovered feature detectors in the visual

answer

d) cortex

question

Weber's law states that

answer

d) the jnd for any stimulus is a constant proportion

question

The principle that one sense may influence another is

answer

d) sensory interaction

question

The correct order of the structures through which light passes after entering the eye is

answer

d) cornea, pupil, lens, retina

question

In the opponent process theory, the 3 pairs of processes are

answer

a) red-green, blue-yellow, black-white

question

Wavelength is to ____ as ____ is to brightness

answer

a) hue; intensity

question

Concerning the evidence for subliminal stimulation, which of the following is the best answer? a) The brain processes some info without our awareness b) stimuli too weak to cross our thresholds for awareness may trigger a response in our sense receptors c) because the "absolute" threshold is a statistical avg, we are able to detect weaker stimuli some of the time d) all of these statements are true

answer

d) all of these statements are true

question

Which of the following is the most accurate description of how we process color?

answer

c) color processing occurs in 2 stages: (1) a 3 color system in the retina and (2) opponent-process cells en route to the visual cortex

question

One reason that your ability to detect fine visual details is greatest when scenes are focused on the fovea of your retina is that

answer

d) many cones, which are clustered in the fovea, have individual bipolar cells to relay their info to the cortex

question

Given normal sensory ability, a person standing atop a mountain on a dark, clear night can see a candle flame atop a mountain 30 miles away. This is a description of vision's

answer

c) absolute threshold

question

The tendency to organize stimuli into smooth, uninterrupted patterns is called

answer

b) continuity

question

Which of the following statements is consistent with the gestalt theory of perception?

answer

The mind organizes sensations into meaningful perceptions

question

Experiments with distorted visual environments demonstrate that

answer

c) humans adapt readily, while lower animals typically do not

question

The phenomenon that refers to the ways in which an individual's expectations influence perception is called

answer

a) perceptual set

question

According to the philosopher ____, we learn to perceive the world.

answer

a) John Locke

question

The phenomenon of size constancy is based on the close connection between an object's perceived _____ and its perceived ____.

answer

b) size; distance

question

Which of the following statements best describes the effects of sensory restriction?

answer

c) It has more damaging effects when experienced during infancy

question

Selective attention is most accurately defined as

answer

a) the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

question

Psychologists who study ESP are called

answer

c) parapsychologists

question

The depth cue that occurs when we watch stable objects at different distances as we are moving is

answer

d) relative motion

question

Which of the following statements concerning ESP is true?

answer

c) most research psychologists are skeptical of the claims of defenders of ESP

question

Each time you see your car, it projects a different image on the retinas of your eyes, yet you do not perceive it as changing. This is because of

answer

perceptual constancy

question

The term gestalt means

answer

d) whole

question

Studies of the visual cliff have provided evidence that much of depth perception is

answer

a) innate

question

All of the following are laws of perceptual organization except

answer

d) retinal disparity

question

You probably perceive the diagram above as 3 separate objects due to the principle of

answer

d) connectedness

question

________ processing refers to how our knowledge and expectations influence perception

answer

a) top down

question

The place theory of pitch perception cannot account for how we hear

answer

a) low pitched sounds

question

Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by

answer

d) damage to the cochlea

question

In shopping for a new stereo, you discover that you cannot differentiate between the sounds of models X and Y. The difference between X and Y is below your

answer

d) difference threshold

question

To maximize your sensitivity to fine visual detail you should

answer

d) stare directly at the object

question

The phantom limb sensation indicates that

answer

c) pain involves the brain's interpretation of neural activity

question

While competing in the Olympic trials, marathoner Kirsten OBrien suffered a stress fracture in her left leg. That she did not experience significant pain until the race was over is probably attributable to the fact that during the race

answer

a) the pain gate in her spinal cord was closed by info coming from her brain

question

Which of the following is an example of sensory interaction? a) finding that despite its delicious aroma, a weird looking meal tastes awful b) finding that food tastes bland when you have a bad cold c) finding it difficult to maintain your balance when you have an ear infection d) all of these are examples

answer

d) all of these are examples

question

In comparing the human eye to a camera, the film would be located in the eye's

answer

d) retina

question

Sensation is to ____ as perception is to _______

answer

b) detecting a stimulus; recognizing a stimulus

question

I am a cell in the thalamus that is excited by red and inhibited by green. I am an

answer

d) opponent process cell

question

The correct order of structures thru which sound travels after entering the ear is

answer

a) auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea

question

Dr Frankenstein has forgotten to give his monster an important part; as a result the monster cannot transduce sound Dr Frankenstein omitted the

answer

d) basiliar membrane

question

Assuming that the visual systems of humans and other mammals function similarly, you'd expect that the retina of a nocturnal mammal would contain

answer

b) mostly rods

question

As the football game continued into the night, LeVar noticed that he was having difficulty distinguishing the colors of the players' uniforms. This is because the ____, which enable color vision have a _____ absolute threshold for brightness than the available light intensity.

answer

b) cones; higher

question

After staring at a very intense red stimulus for a few mins, Carrie shifted her gaze to a beige wall and "saw" the color ____. carrie's experience provides support for the _________ theory.

answer

c) green; opponent process

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