AP Psych Therapy Chapter 16 – Flashcards
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biological therapies
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Also called biomedical therapies, treatments that reduce or eliminate the symptoms of psychological disorders by altering aspects of body functioning.
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antianxiety drugs
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Commonly known as tranquilizers, drugs that reduce anxiety by making individuals calmer and less excitable.
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antidepressant drugs
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Drugs that regulate mood.
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lithium
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The lightest of the solid elements in the periodic table of elements, widely used to treat bipolar disorder.
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antipsychotic drugs
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Powerful drugs that diminish agitated behavior, reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, improve social behavior, and produce better sleep patterns in individuals with a severe psychological disorder, especially schizophrenia.
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electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
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Also called shock therapy a treatment, commonly used for depression, that sets off a seizure in the brain.
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deep brain stimulation
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A procedure for treatment-resistant depression that involves the implantation of electrodes in the brain that emit signals to alter the brain's electrical circuitry.
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psychosurgery
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A biological therapy, with irreversible effects, that involves removal or destruction of brain tissue to improve the individual's adjustment.
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psychotherapy
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A nonmedical process that helps individuals with psychological disorders recognize and overcome their problems.
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psychoanalysis
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Freud's therapeutic technique for analyzing an individual's unconscious thoughts.
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free association
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A psychoanalytic technique that involves encouraging individuals to say aloud whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.
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interpretation
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A psychoanalyst's search for symbolic, hidden meanings in what the client says and does during therapy.
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dream analysis
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A psychoanalytic technique for interpreting a person's dreams
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transference
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A client's relating to the psychoanalyst in ways that reproduce or relive important relationships in the individual's life.
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resistance
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A client's unconscious defense strategies that interfere with the psychoanalyst's understanding of the individual's problems.
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humanistic therapies
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Treatments, unique in their emphasis on people's self-healing capacities, that encourage clients to understand themselves and to grow personally.
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client-centered therapy
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Also called Rogerian therapy or nondirective therapy, a form of humanistic therapy, developed by Rogers, in which the therapist provides a warm, supportive atmosphere to improve the client's self-concept and to encourage the client to gain insight into problems.
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reflective speech
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A technique in which the therapist mirrors the client's own feelings back to the client.
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behavior therapies
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Treatments, based on the behavioral and social cognitive theories of learning, that use principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior.
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systematic desensitization
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A method of behavior therapy that treats anxiety by teaching the client to associate deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety-producing situations.
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cognitive therapies
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Treatments that point to cognitions (thoughts) as the main source of psychological problems and that attempt to change the individual's feelings and behaviors by changing cognitions.
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rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
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A therapy based on Ellis's assertion that individuals develop a psychological disorder because of irrational and self-defeating beliefs and whose goal is to get clients to eliminate these beliefs by rationally examining them.
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cognitive-behavior therapy
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A therapy that combines cognitive therapy and behavior therapy with the goal of developing self-efficacy.
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integrative therapy
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A combination of techniques from different therapies based on the therapist's judgment of which particular methods will provide the greatest benefit for the client.
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group therapy
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A sociocultural approach to the treatment of psychological disorders that brings together individuals who share a particular psychological disorder in sessions that are typically led by a mental health professional.
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family therapy
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Group therapy with family members.
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couples therapy
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Group therapy with married or unmarried couples whose major problem lies within their relationship.
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therapeutic alliance
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The relationship between the therapist and client—an important element of successful psychotherapy.
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well-being therapy (WBT)
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A short-term, problem-focused, directive therapy that encourages clients to accentuate the positive.
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Applied Behavior Analysis (Operant)
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Establishes positive reinforcement connections between behaviors and rewards so individuals engage in appropriate behavior and extinguish inappropriate behaviors
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Beck's Cognitive Therapy
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the goal of therapy should be to help people recognize and eliminate illogical and self-defeating thinking
