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Edward Titchener was concerned primarily with the study of

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Sensory experiences

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The early school of psychology that used introspection to discover elements of mind was known as

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Structuralism

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Who was the functionalist who authored a textbook for the emerging discipline of psychology?

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James

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Ivan Pavlov pioneered the study of

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learning

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Compared with the structuralists, early behaviorists were much less likely to focus on the study of

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thinking

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The scientific study of people's behavioral responses to different situations was of special interest to

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B.F Skinner

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Professor Schroeder argues that children have an innate concept of justice that enables them to distinguish between fair and unfair rules. This argument is most consistent with the views of

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Plato

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In the context of debates over the origins of ideas, nature is to nurture as ________ is to Locke.

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Descartes

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Debates as to whether alcohol abuse is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of

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Nature versus nurture

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An integrated explanation of human behavior provided by the neuroscience, cognitive, social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly provided by

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a biopsychosocial approach

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Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective.

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Evolutionary

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Which perspective would be most helpful for understanding the role of spaced practice on long-term memory of information?

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Cognitive

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Inherited traits are to learned habits as the ________ perspective is to the ________ perspective

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Evolutionary;behavioral

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Basic research on persistent human traits like optimism and pessimism is most characteristic of the specialty known as ________ psychology

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Personality

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Professor Thurstone investigates whether a teacher's negative perceptions of some students can affect the students' test scores. Professor Thurstone is most likely a ________ psychologist.

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Social

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To study inner sensations, images, and feelings, Edward Titchner used a research tool known as

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introspection

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Which school of psychology was most clearly concerned with the adaptive value of complex mental processes?

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functionalism (how mental and behavioral process function- how they enable us to survive, adapt, and flourish

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Wilhelm Wundt was both a

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physiologist and philosopher

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The growth potential of healthy people was emphasized by

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humanistic psychology

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A study of the relationship between reasoning capacities and brain functions would be of most direct interest to

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cognitive neuroscience

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The suggestion that psychology is less a set of facts than a method of evaluating ideas best highlights the ________ character of psychology.

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scientific

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In debating the origins of human traits, Plato and Aristotle disagreed about the relative importance of

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nature and nurture

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The importance of inherited behavioral traits was most clearly highlighted by

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Charles Darwin

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Professor Reed attempts to assess the relative contributions of heredity and home environment on children's susceptibility to depression. Her research best illustrates the concerns of the ________ perspective. How much our genes and our environment influence our individual differences

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behavior genetics

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Which perspective is most relevant to understanding the links between hormone levels and sexual motivation? How the body and brain enable emotions, memories and sensory experiences

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Neuroscience

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Focusing on the extent to which personality is influenced by motives outside our own awareness is most relevant to the ________ perspective.

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Psychodynamic

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The marriage rituals of different ethnic groups is of most relevance to the _______ perspective.

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Social-cultural

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Professor Helms conducts basic research on the progressive changes in infants' perceptual skills during the first year of life. Professor Helms is most likely a ________ psychologist

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Developmental

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Dr. Stevens provides psychotherapy to people who suffer from excessive anxiety. Dr. Stevens is most likely a ________ psychologist.

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Clinical

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SQ3R is an acronym for an effective

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Study method Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, and Review

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Sigmund Freud

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developed an influential theory of personality

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Jean Piaget

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the last century's most influential observer of children

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Behaviorism

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The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental process

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Humanistic Psychology

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Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individuals potential for personal growth

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Cognitive neuroscience (Cognitive psychologists)

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The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, money and language)

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psychology

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The science of behavior and mental process

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What are the enduring issues in Psych

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Nature-Nurture Stability change Diversity

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Nature-Nurture

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a behavior caused by factors inside the person outside genetics-enviornment

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Stability change

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people remain unchanged vs changed

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Diversity-universality

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how are we different vs the same

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Natural selection

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The principle that among the rage of inherited trait variations, those contributing the reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generationg

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Levels of analysis

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The differing complementary views from biological to psychological to social, culture for analyzing any given phenomenon

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Biopsychosocial approach

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An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social cultural levels of analysis

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Basic research

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Pure science that aims to increase scientific knowledge base

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Applied research

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Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

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Counseling Psychology

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A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to work or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

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Clinical psychology

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A branch of psychology that studies, and treats people with psychological disorders, mental and emotional

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Psychiatry

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A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physician's who sometimes provide medicine (drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy

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Personality psychologists

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study how people differ from one another

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Social Psychologist

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Study how people influence one another and group behavior

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Industrial and organizational psychologists

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study of psychological principle in industry and business

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Forensic Psychologist

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studies legal issues, animal mines, insanity

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Evolutionary psychologist

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identifies behavior that are a result of genetic ancestors

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Environmental psychologists

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studies relationships between people and their physical environment

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Cross culture psychologist

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investigates similarities and difference in psychological functioning among ethnicity

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Sports Psychologist

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applies psychology to sports and exercise, motivation and social aspects of sports

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