AP Human Geography Mid-Term Study Packet – Flashcards
94 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 94question
Places ________ overtime.
answer
Change
Unlock the answer
question
Places developed to _______ ________ or becoming less fit for _______
answer
Human needs; Humans
Unlock the answer
question
Places ________ to develop in into something _________.
answer
Change; Different
Unlock the answer
question
Places are classified into _______, ___________, and ___________ regions.
answer
Formal, Functional, Perceptual
Unlock the answer
question
Place are classified based on how they are _______, how they work ________, and how others _______ them.
answer
Similar; Together; Perceive
Unlock the answer
question
The position or place of certain item on the surface of the Earth.
answer
Absolute Location
Unlock the answer
question
Absolute location is expressed in _______, ________, and ________ of latitude and longitude.
answer
Degrees; Minutes; Seconds
Unlock the answer
question
The regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places.
answer
Relative Location
Unlock the answer
question
Distance, Accessibility, and Connection affect this.
answer
Relative Location
Unlock the answer
question
Map scale ratio in which the ratio of units on the Earth is quite small.
answer
Small Scale
Unlock the answer
question
Usually depict large areas.
answer
Small scale
Unlock the answer
question
A relatively small ratio between map units and ground units.
answer
Large Scale
Unlock the answer
question
Usually have higher resolution and cover much small regions.
answer
Large Scale
Unlock the answer
question
Economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government; and is not included in that government's GNP; as opposed a formal economy.
answer
Economic Industries
Unlock the answer
question
Population was growing more rapidly than the earth's food supply because population increases geometrically while food increases arithmetically.
answer
Malthus' Theory
Unlock the answer
question
Human migration flows in which movers have no choice but to migrate.
answer
Forced Migration
Unlock the answer
question
Chinese Expulsion act in 1882, Literacy Test in 1917, Immigration act in 1924.
answer
Quota Laws
Unlock the answer
question
People who enter a country without proper documents
answer
Undocumented Immigrants
Unlock the answer
question
The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminished the attractiveness of sites farther away.
answer
Intervening Opportunity
Unlock the answer
question
Habitable areas on the earth's surface.
answer
Ecumene
Unlock the answer
question
Inhabitable areas on the earth's surface; few people live here.
answer
Nonecumene
Unlock the answer
question
Theoretical amount of people a given area can support.
answer
Carrying Capacity
Unlock the answer
question
When a population has exceeded it's land's carrying capacity.
answer
Overpopulation
Unlock the answer
question
Number of people per unit of land mass.
answer
Density
Unlock the answer
question
Total number of people divided by total land mass.
answer
Arithmetic
Unlock the answer
question
Ratio of number of farmers to the amount of land suitable for agriculture.
answer
Agricultural
Unlock the answer
question
The number of people per unit of area of arable land.
answer
Physiological Population Density
Unlock the answer
question
Pattern of migration that develops when migrants move along and through kinship links.
answer
Chain Migration
Unlock the answer
question
Movement of people and employment away from urban areas to smaller towns.
answer
Counterurbanization
Unlock the answer
question
The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development.
answer
Environmental Determinism
Unlock the answer
question
A geographic viewpoint that holds human decision making not the environment is the crucial factor in cultural development.
answer
Possibilism
Unlock the answer
question
Number of births plus incoming immigrants minus the number of deaths and departing emigrants from a place per 1000.
answer
Population Growth
Unlock the answer
question
2.1 Rate of Natural Increase, the necessary amount for a population to sustain but not grow or decline.
answer
Replacement Level
Unlock the answer
question
Number of live births per 1000 fertility.
answer
Birth Rate
Unlock the answer
question
Number of deaths per 1000.
answer
Death Rate
Unlock the answer
question
Crude BR- Crude DR= ?
answer
Rate of Natural Increase
Unlock the answer
question
The time required for a population to double in size.
answer
Doubling Time
Unlock the answer
question
The number of people under the age of 15 and over the age of 64 compares to the number of people active in the labor force.
answer
Dependency Ratio
Unlock the answer
question
A change in residence intended to be permanent.
answer
Migration
Unlock the answer
question
Migration into a place--- Increases population
answer
Immigration
Unlock the answer
question
Migration out of a place--- Decreases population
answer
Emigration
Unlock the answer
question
Belief in the superiority of ones own ethnic group.
answer
Ethnocentrism
Unlock the answer
question
Rule by an autonomous power over a subordinate and alien place. Although often established and maintained through political structure. Crease cultural economic hearths.
answer
Colonialism
Unlock the answer
question
The sum of total knowledge, attitude, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by members of a society.
answer
Culture
Unlock the answer
question
Heartland, source area, innovation center, place of origin of a major culture.
answer
Cultural Hearth
Unlock the answer
question
A single element of normal practice in a culture
answer
Culture Trait
Unlock the answer
question
A related set of cultural traits
answer
Culture Complex
Unlock the answer
question
An area in which people have many shared culture traits.
answer
Culture Region
Unlock the answer
question
A cluster of regions in which culture systems prevail.
answer
Culture Realm
Unlock the answer
question
The fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others- disrupting a cultural system.
answer
Cultural Lag
Unlock the answer
question
The spread of innovation or an idea through population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination.
answer
Expansion Diffusion
Unlock the answer
question
The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from one person.
answer
Contagious Diffusion
Unlock the answer
question
A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples.
answer
Hierarchical Diffusion
Unlock the answer
question
Sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as the evacuate the old areas and relocate the new ones. The most common form involves the spreading of innovations by a migrating population.
answer
Relocation Diffusion
Unlock the answer
question
Something that slows, stops, or transforms a diffusion event.
answer
Diffusion Barrier
Unlock the answer
question
Cultural modification or change that results when one culture group or individual adopts traits of a dominant or host society; cultural development or change through "borrowing"
answer
Acculturation
Unlock the answer
question
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs.
answer
Isogloss
Unlock the answer
question
Group of language with a shared but fairly distant origin.
answer
Language Family
Unlock the answer
question
A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display of relatively few differences in vocabulary and grammar.
answer
Language Group
Unlock the answer
question
Divisions within a language family; where the commonalities are more definite and the origin is more recent;
answer
Language Subfamily
Unlock the answer
question
Local or regional characteristics of a language.
answer
Dialect
Unlock the answer
question
People who speak their language but cannot write it.
answer
Preliterate Society
Unlock the answer
question
When parts of two or more language are combined in a simplified structure and vocabulary.
answer
Pidgin
Unlock the answer
question
A language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as a other language by a people in place of the mother tongue.
answer
Creole
Unlock the answer
question
"common language"-- a language used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerce.
answer
Lingua Franca
Unlock the answer
question
Agriculture Theory, Dispersal Theory, Renfrew Hypothesis.
answer
Diffusion of Languages
Unlock the answer
question
Countries in which only on language is spoken.
answer
Monolingual States
Unlock the answer
question
Countries in which more than one language is spoken.
answer
Multilingual States
Unlock the answer
question
Place Name
answer
Toponym
Unlock the answer
question
A belief system that espouses the idea that there is one true religion that is universal in scope. Adherents often believe that their religion represents truths, and in some cases great effort is undertaken in evangelism and missionary work.
answer
Universalizing Religion
Unlock the answer
question
A religion that is particular to one, culturally distinct group of people. Adherents do not actively seek converts through evangelism or missionary work.
answer
Ethnic Religion
Unlock the answer
question
A tightly knit group of people processing bonds on language, ethnicity, religion, and other shared cultural attributes.
answer
Nation
Unlock the answer
question
Politically organized territory that is administrated by a sovereign government and is recognized by a significant portion of the international community.
answer
State
Unlock the answer
question
A recognized member of the modern state system possessing formal sovereignty and occupied by people who see themselves as a single united nation.
answer
Nation-State
Unlock the answer
question
Forces that unite
answer
Centripetal Forces
Unlock the answer
question
Love of a country and willingness to sacrifice for it.
answer
Nationalism
Unlock the answer
question
Forces that divide the country
answer
Centrifugal Forces
Unlock the answer
question
Loyalty to a particular region.
answer
Regionalism
Unlock the answer
question
The breaking apart of a country through violence into smaller hostile regions.
answer
Balkanization
Unlock the answer
question
The effects of of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction.
answer
Distance Decay
Unlock the answer
question
North America Free Trade Agreement-- Remove tariffs and smoothed difficulties, promotes trends with US, Mexico, and Canada.
answer
NAFTA
Unlock the answer
question
Supranational Organization--- Pursue environment, creates jobs, protects citizen rights.
answer
European Union
Unlock the answer
question
Expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the part that became global in scale and impact, the processes transcend state boundaries and have outcomes that vary across places and scales.
answer
Globalization
Unlock the answer
question
Capitalist
answer
First World
Unlock the answer
question
Communist
answer
Second World
Unlock the answer
question
Fear of foreigners/strangers.
answer
Xenophobia
Unlock the answer
question
Nation in Iraq, Iran, Turkey--- Promised land but never got it.
answer
Kurds
Unlock the answer
question
Negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their abode and move to a new locale.
answer
Push Factors
Unlock the answer
question
Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas.
answer
Pull Factors
Unlock the answer
question
Large scale emigration of talented people.
answer
Brain Drain
Unlock the answer
