AP Human Geography 1.2 – Flashcards
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Place
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unique location of a feature, a point
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Location
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the position of anything on Earth's surface
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Four ways to identify location
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Toponym; site; situation; Mathematical location
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Toponym
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a name given to a place (places are named for various reasons)
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Site
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the physical character of a place
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Situation
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location of a place relative to other places (relative location; importance of location)
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Mathematical location
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Longitude and latitude
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Formal (uniform) region
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area with well defined boundaries that have a large degree of homogeneity
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Can regions still be diverse?
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Yes
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Functional (nodal) regions
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economic regions (e.g. the circulation of a newspaper; sports teams)
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Venacular (perceptual) regions
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people believe these regions exist (not defined; cannot be "wrong"); example = American South
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Culture
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group of belief systems, norms and values practiced by a people
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Origin of the word "culture"
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Latin = cullus, meaning "to care for"
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Two aspects of culture
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What people care about (language, region and ethnicity) and what people take care of, production (earning a living; obtaining food, clothing, and shelter) - MDCs and LDCs
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Carl Sauer
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the forms superimposed on the physical environment by the activities of humans (his theory)
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Cultural Ecology
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the geographic study of human-environment relationships
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Perspectives on (culture)?
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1) Environmental determinism - the physical environment caused social development (Alexander von Humboldt and Carl Ritter); 2) Possibilism - physical environment may limit development, but people can adjust
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Physical processes important for understanding human activities
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1) Other human activities; 2) Vegetation; 3) Soil; 4) Landforms
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Land reclamation
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creating new land
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Modifying the environment
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"God made the earth, but the Dutch made the Netherlands" - dikes; levies; New York City (examples)
