AP GOV (unit 6) LHHS – Flashcards
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Civil Rights
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rights belonging to a person by reason of citizenship including especially the fundamental freedoms and privileges guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments and subsequent acts of Congress including the right to legal and social and economic equal
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Civil Liberties
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freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair legal treatment
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Freedom Rides
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a series of political protests against segregation by Blacks and Whites who rode buses together through the American South in 1961
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Civil Disobedience
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a group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination)
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De Facto Segregation
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Segregation resulting from economic or social conditions or personal choice.
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De Jure Segregation
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segregation that is imposed by law
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Affirmative Action
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a policy designed to redress past discrimination against women and minority groups through measures to improve their economic and educational opportunities
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Fourteenth Amendment
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an amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1868
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Incorporation Doctrine
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the legal concept under which the Supreme Court has nationalized the Bill of Rights by making most of its provisions applicable to the states through the fourteenth amendment
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Miranda Rights
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Rights possessed by persons who are arrested by the police. (Remain silent, Attorney, etc.)
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Prior Restraint Doctrine
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Legal doctrine that gives individuals the right to publish without prior restraint- that is, without first submitting material to a government censor
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Symbolic Speech
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nonverbal communication, such as burning a flag or wearing an armband. The Supreme Court has accorded some symbolic speech protection under the first amendment.
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Establishment Clause
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the First Amendment guarantee that the government will not create and support an official state church
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Free Exercise Clause
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the First Amendment guarantee that citizens may freely engage in the religious activities of their choice
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Exclusionary Rule
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a rule that provides that otherwise admissible evidence cannot be used in a criminal trial if it was the result of illegal police conduct
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Due Process
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(law) the administration of justice according to established rules and principles
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Eminent Domain
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the right of the state to take private property for public use
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Symbolic Speech
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nonverbal communication, such as burning a flag or wearing an armband. The Supreme Court has accorded some symbolic speech protection under the first amendment.
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Strict Scrutiny Test
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a test applied by the court when a classification is based on race; the government must show that there is a compelling reason for the law and no other less restrictive way to meet the interest
