AP Geography – Flashcards
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| High Tech Corridor |
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| Areas along or near major transportation arteries that are devoted to the research, development and sale of high-technology products. These areas develop because of the networking and synergistic advantages of concentrating high-tchnology enterprises in close proximity to one another. "Silicon Valley" is a prime example. |
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| Hinterland |
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Surrounding area served by an urban center. That center is the focus of goods and services produced for its hinterland and it is the dominant urban influence as well. |
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| hydraulic civilization |
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| a civilization based on large-scale irrigation systems as the prime mover behind urbanization and a class of technical specialists as the first urban dwellers. Cairo |
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| indigenous city |
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| a center of population, commerce, and culture that is native to a country |
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| infrastructure |
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| the basic structure or features of a system or organization |
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| invasion and succession |
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| Process by which new immigrants to a city move to and dominate or take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups. |
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| lateral commuting |
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| commuting that occurs between suburban areas rather than towards the central city. |
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| medieval cities |
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| Cities that developed in Europe during the Medieval Period and that contain such unique features as extreme density of development with narrow buildings and winding streets, an ornate church that prominently marks the city center, and high walls surrounding the city center that provided defense against attack. |
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| megacities |
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| Cities, mostly characteristic of the developing world, where high population growth and migration have caused them to explode in population since World War II. All megacities are plagued by chaotic and unplanned growth, terrible pollution, and widespread poverty. |
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| megalopolis/ conurbatin |
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| Several, metropolitan areas that were originally separate but that have joined together to form a large, sprawling urban complex. |
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metropolitan area
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| Within the United States, an urban area consisting of one or more whole county units, usually containing several urbanized areas, or suburbs, that all act together as a coherent economic whole. |
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| multiple nuclei model |
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| A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities. |
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| multiplier effect |
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| An effect in economics in which an increase in spending produces an increase in national income and consumption greater than the initial amount spent. |
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| planned communities |
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| cities in which all aspects of development are determined before construction begins. (May be referred to as "new towns" "garden cities" or "greenbelt towns." |
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| post industrial cities |
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| a stage of economic development in which service activities become relatively more important than goods production; professional and technical employment supersedes employment in agriculture and manufacturing; and level of living is defined by the quality of services and amenities rather than by the quantity of goods available. |
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| primate city |
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| The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement. |
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| racial steering |
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| the practice in which real estate brokers guide prospective home buyers towards or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race |
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rank size rule
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| A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement. |
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| redlining |
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| A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within the boundaries. |
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| Restrictive covenants |
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| A statement written into a property deed that restricts the use of the land in some way; often used to prohibit certain groups of people from buying property |
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| Postmodern urban landscape |
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| Attempts to reconnect people to place through its architecture, the preservation of historical buildings, the re-emergence of mixed land uses and connections among developments |
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| Peak land value intersection |
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| is the land within a settlement with the greatest land value and commerce |
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| Office Park |
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| is an area of land in which many office buildings are grouped together |
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| Neighborhood |
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| the area or region around or near some place or thing |
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| Inner city |
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| residental neighborhoods that surround the CBD |
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| Informal sector |
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| it is the economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government; and is not included in that governments GNP |
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In-filling
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| the use of vacant land and property within a built-up area for further construction or development |
