AP European History chapter 26 study guide – Flashcards

U.S. determination to be more involved in European affairs

An inherently weak system of alliances between France and the Little Entente

A policy of passive resistance by the German government and German resort to printing money to pay war debts.

American investments following the Dawes Plan

Treaty of Locarno

The recall of American loans from European markets

The rise of many authoritarian movements in many areas of Europe

Give ordinary workers new rights benefits, including minimum wage

Brought about a partial economic recovery, but full employment did not return until WW2's rearmament.

The political and social foundations and the self-confidence of European imperialism was strengthened during the 1920s and 1930s.

Turkey

(No exact answer) but he was associated with civil disobedience, great soul of India, peaceful resistance, self-manuturactured clothing (dhoti), adopt spinning wheel as independence symbol.

Italy

Largely ignore cultural aspect of life

Popular, nationalistic resentment toward Italy's treatment following World War I

Armed bands of fascists who use violence to intimidate their enemies

Never created the degree of totalitarian control found in Russia and Germany in the 1930s

Largely forced through government legislation to become homemakers

Recognize Catholicism the sole religion of Italy

Never joined the League of Nations

was autobiographical, setting forth hitlers ideology of aryan supremacy and anti semitism

Making the Nazi program appeal to every segment of German society.

Nuremberg

through rearmament and public work

reached their most violent phase during Kristallnacht, with attacks on Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues

Claimed that through childbearing and service in the home, women could bring about triumph of the Aryan race.

Czechoslovakia

Authoritarianism

Francisco Franco, who established a conservative, authoritarian, and anti-democratic regime with the backing of the spanish Catholic Church

Emphasized the development of heavy industry and the production if modern weapons and space vehicles, modified version of capitalism

His position as general secretary of the Bolshevik party.

Millions of ordinary citizens arrested and sent into force labor camps

Widespread famine

More educational opportunity

The widespread use of television in most middle class homes

An attempt to monitor and homogenize the leisure activities of German workers

A disillusionment with western civilization provoked by the horrors of the World War One

An effort to put a clear sense of purpose and ambition back into art and life

Ideas of functionalism in architecture

Petty-bourgeois art, with sentimental and realistic scenes glorifying strong, heroic Aryans

Ernest Rutherford

Proposing that uncertainty was at the bottom of all physical laws

The uncertainty principle.

Guaranteed Germany's new borders with France and Belgium.

63 nations agreed to "renounce war as an instrument of national policy"; it however did not mention what would happen if a nation violates this

According to the book, quadrupling production of heavy machinery, doubling oil production, steel, coal production increased.

Age of anxiety, due to the fear invasions and wars. There were still hopes in progress.

Great Britain Failure with Liberal Lloyd George 1923, Ramsay MacDonald, first Labour prime minister, but rejected any extreme social or econ experimentation Under Stanley Baldwin, 1925-1929, period of recovery superficial brit exports never compensated for the overseas investments lost during the war unemployment 10% coal miners suffered 1929 second Labour gov, but failed to solve problems and failed by 1931 A National Government (Liberals and Conservatives) brought Brits out of worst stages of depression trade policies of balanced budgets and protective tariffs unemployment dropped John Maynard Keynes largely ignored need to get money circulating in a stagnant econ France needed to rebuild devastated areas of N and E France conservative National Bloc gov, led by Raymond Poincare wanted to use German reparations for above issue so a hard-line policy toward Ger and Ruhr invasion forced to raise taxes in 1924 to pay for Ruhr fiasco→party voted out Cartel of the Left 2 leftist French parties: Radicals and Socialists Radicals still a dem party Socialists still committed to Marxist soc failure to agree on soc and econ policies → efforts b/w 1924-1929 in vain Return of Raymond Poincare 1926-1929 stabilized French econ pd of relative prosperity 1932-1933: Political Chaos radical rightist parties demonstrated against leftist → drove the leftist parties together 1936, June: Popular Front gov formed socialists and radicals Leon Blume as prime minister French New Deal successful program for workers right of collective bargaining, 40 hr work wk, 2 wk paid vaca, minimum wages failed to solve problems of the depression 1938, decline in political system

Passive leader? Seized aristocratic property and land, workers went on strike, church and clergy attacked.

struggle for independence

a.called for the United States to lend money to Germany to meet its reparation payments. b. was designed to help England and France make their debt payments to the United States. C. called for Britain and France to reduce the amount of German reparation payments. D. called for both the United States to lend money to Germany to meet its reparation payments, and Britain and France to reduce the amount of German reparation payments. CORRECT: E. All these answers are correct.

Wrote General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Believed unemployment stemmed not from overproduction but from a decline in demand and that demand could be increased by public works financed, if needed through deficit spending to stimulate production.

Attempts by mine owners to lower coal miner's wages led to this national strike by miners and sympathetic trade unions. A compromise settled the strike, but many miners refused to accept the settlement and were eventually forces back to work at lower wages for longer hours.

French politician. Led the French Socialists and the popular front. Raised the salaries for civil servants. Instituted a public work program.

German foreign minister

Soviet Union

"Night of broken glass." Wave of violent, anti-Jewish pogroms. Young Jew killed French third secretary, excuse for killing Jews

American stock market collapsed

Separate Jews from Aryan race, outlaw their basic rights.

At first, Hitler's bodyguards. Later became the most feared organizations in all of Nazi Germany. Special police force in Nazi Germany founded as a personal bodyguard for Adolf Hitler in 1925.