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War of the Roses

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House of Lancaster-Red Rose Later vs. House of York-White Rose) (1455-1485

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Italian Wars

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1494-1559

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Russo-Turkish Wars

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Throughout 16th and 17th centuries

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Thirty Years War

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1618-1648 began when Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II of Bohemia attempted to curtail the religious activities of his subjects, sparking rebellion among Protestants. The war came to involve the major powers of Europe, with Sweden, France, Spain and Austria all waging campaigns primarily on German soil.

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English Civil Wars

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1642-1646 and 1648-1649 stemmed from conflict between Charles I and Parliament over an Irish insurrection. The first war was settled with Oliver Cromwell's victory for Parliamentary forces at the 1645 Battle of Naseby. The second phase ended with Charles' defeat at the Battle of Preston and his subsequent execution in 1649. Charles' son, Charles, then formed an army of English and Scottish Royalists, which prompted Cromwell to invade Scotland in 1650. The following year, Cromwell shattered the remaining Royalist forces and ended the "wars of the three kingdoms," though Charles II eventually ascended to the throne in 1660.

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War of Spanish Succession

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1701-1714 Last of the series of wars fought by European coalitions to contain the expansion of France under Louis XIV. It was precipitated by the death of the Spanish king, Charles II, without an heir. He willed his kingdom to Philip of Anjou, Louis' grandson.

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War of Austrian Succession

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1740-1748 The war broke out when, on the strength of the pragmatic sanction of 1713, the Austrian archduchess Maria Theresa succeeded her father, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, as ruler of the Hapsburg lands.

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King George's War

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1744-1748 American phase of the War of the Austrian Succession, third and inconclusive struggle between France and Great Britain for mastery of the North American continent.

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Seven Years War

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1756-1763 French and Indian War + Queen Anne's War + King William's War Unofficial first world war

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American Revolution

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1775-1783

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French Revolution

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1789-1792 and 1799

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French Revolutionary Wars

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1792-1797 Revolutionary France declares war on Austria

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Napoleonic Wars

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1799-1815 Most of Europe vs France

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War of 1812

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1812-1815 England vs US

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Spanish Revolution

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1820

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Greek War of Independence

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1821-1829

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Russo-Turkish War

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1828-1829

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Opium Wars

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1839-1842 and 1856-1858 two armed conflicts in China in the mid-19th century between the forces of Western countries and of the Qing dynasty, which ruled China from 1644 to 1911/12. The first Opium War (1839-42) was fought between China and Britain, and the second Opium War (1856-60), also known as the Arrow War or the Anglo-French War in China, was fought by Britain and France against China.

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Revolutions of 1848

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The revolutions of 1848 were the most widespread in the history of Europe. They directly affected France, Germany, Prussia, the Austrian Empire, various Italian states, Moldavia and Wallacia

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Crimean War

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1853-1856 war fought mainly on the Crimean Peninsula between the Russians and the British, French, and Ottoman Turkish, with support from January 1855 by the army of Sardinia-Piedmont. The war arose from the conflict of great powers in the Middle East and was more directly caused by Russian demands to exercise protection over the Orthodox subjects of the Ottoman sultan. Another major factor was the dispute between Russia and France over the privileges of the Russian Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches in the holy places in Palestine.

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Italian War of 1859-1860

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Italian independence

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Austro-Prussian War

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Seven Weeks war 1866

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Spanish-American War

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1898

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Boer War

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1899-1902 The Boer Wars was the name given to the South African Wars of 1880-1 and 1899-1902, that were fought between the British and the descendants of the Dutch settlers (Boers) in Africa. After the first Boer War William Gladstone granted the Boers self-government in the Transvaal.

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Russo-Japanese War

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1904-1905 Drew Russian troops to eastern front, which weakened Western Russia for revolution

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Balkan Wars

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1912-1913 two successive military conflicts that deprived the Ottoman Empire of almost all its remaining territory in Europe. The First Balkan War was fought between the members of the Balkan League—Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Montenegro—and the Ottoman Empire. ... The Balkan allies were soon victorious

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World War I

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1914-1918 World War One is a conflict between the Central Powers and the Allies. The Central Powers (red) consist of Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire. Important allied powers (yellow) are Serbia, Russia, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium and the United States

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Russian Revolution

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1917-1918 Ended with Lenin in power

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Irish civil War

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1936-1939 It was sparked by Michael Collins and Arthur Griffith signing the Anglo-Irish Treaty which gave Ireland independent status but as a dominion of the British Empire. Half the IRA rejected those terms and began a war with their former comrades.

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Spanish Civil War

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1921-1923 It was between the leftist Republicans, who were in government at the time, and the Nationalists. The right wing Nationalists were led by the army and had the support of the Catholic Church, monarchists and large landowners.

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Finnish-Russian War

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1939-1940 war waged by the Soviet Union against Finland at the beginning of World War II, following the conclusion of the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

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World War II

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1939-1945 The Axis Powers were the coalition led by Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II. They opposed the Allied Powers, consisting mainly of Great Britain, France, the United States, the Soviet Union, and China

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Arab-Isreali Wars

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1948-1949 October 1956 Six-day War of 1967 October 6, 1973 (Yom Kippur)

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Korean War

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On June 25, 1950, the Korean War began when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People's Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People's Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south.

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SALT

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(Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)-SALT I (Nov 1969-Jan 1972-SALT II (Sept 1972-Jan 1979)

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Soviet-Afghani War

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On December 24, 1979 the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. They had President Amin put to death and installed their own leader, President Babrak Karmal. Over the next several years the Soviet Army would battle with the Mujahideen. It was a very difficult battle.

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Falkland Islands Conflict

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(April-June 1982) Brits vs Argentinians over the Falkland Islands in the Atlantic

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Gulf War

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Hussein defied United Nations Security Council demands to withdraw from Kuwait by mid-January 1991, and the Persian Gulf War began with a massive U.S.-led air offensive known as Operation Desert Storm. After 42 days of relentless attacks by the allied coalition in the air and on the ground, U.S. President George H.W. Bush declared a cease-fire on February 28; by that time, most Iraqi forces in Kuwait had either surrendered or fled

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Iraq War

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The first of these was a brief, conventionally fought war in March-April 2003, in which a combined force of troops from the United States and Great Britain (with smaller contingents from several other countries) invaded Iraq and rapidly defeated Iraqi military and paramilitary forces

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War in Afghanistan

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President George W. Bush responded by launching military strikes and destroying the Taliban in Afghanistan. After the fall of the Taliban, terrorist forces launched an insurgent war against the United States and coalition troops, which has lasted for over ten years.

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