AP Euro Chapter 16 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
the scientific revolution of the 17th c. was
answer
k
question
all of the following are considered possible influences and causes of the scientific revolution EXCEPT
answer
the practical knowledge and techinal skills emphasized by 16th c. universities
question
which of these ancient authrorities was not relied on by medieval scholars
answer
Galileo
question
accoding to leonardo da vinci, what subject was key to understanding the nature of things
answer
mathematics
question
scholars devoted to hermeticism
answer
saw the world as a living embodiment of divinity where humans could use mathematics and magic to dominate nature
question
the general conception of the universe before copernicus was
answer
that the earth was the stationary center and heavenly spheres orbited it
question
the greatest achievements in science during the 16th and 17th c. came in what 3 ares?
answer
astronomy, medicine, and mathematics
question
the prolemaic concpetion of the universe was also known as
answer
the geocentric conception
question
copernicus's heliocentric theory was
answer
based on the observations of several earlier astronomers and his own computations
question
copernicus was a native of
answer
poland
question
the immediate reaction of the clerics to the theories of Copernicus was
answer
condemnation, initially by protestant leaders like luther who condemned the discovery as contrary to their literal interpretation of the bible
question
the ideas of copernicus were
answer
nearly as complicated as those of Ptolemy
question
following upon copernicus's heliocentric theories
answer
Johannes Kepler used data to derive laws of planetary motion that confirmed Copernicus's heliocentric theory but showed that the orbits were elliptical
question
Tycho Brahe
answer
recorded astronomical data from the observatory he built with at uraniborg castle
question
Kepler's Laws of planetary motion
answer
gained acceptance despite disproving aristotlles conviciton that the motion of the planets was steady and unchanging
question
one of the dramatic findings of galileo's observations was that
answer
planets were not made of some perfect substance but had natural properties similar to to earth
question
the first eurpean to make systematic observations of the heaveans by telescope was
answer
galileo
question
the catholic roman inquisition attacked galileo for his scientific ideas with the encouragement of
answer
jjjj
question
galileo's Dialogue on the Two World Systmes was really an attempt to
answer
suppport copericus through a publication in italian accessible to a wide audience
question
what actions did the catholic church pursue concerning galileo and his ideas
answer
foreced to recant them in a trial before the inquisition
question
galileo's ideas on motion included the
answer
principle of inertia
question
isaac newton's scientific discoveries
answer
although readily accepted in his own country , were resisted on the continent
question
in newton's principia, he demonstrated through his rules of reasoning that the universe was
answer
a regulated machine opearting according to universal laws
question
newton's universal law of gravitation proved that
answer
through its mathematical proof it could explain all motion in the universe
question
the greco-roman doctor who had the most influence on medieval medical thought was
answer
galen
question
paracelsus revolutionaized the world of medicine in the 16th by
answer
advocating the chemical philosphy of medicine
question
among the following who is NOT associated with major changes in the 16th and 17th
answer
Galen
question
On the Fabric of the Human Body
answer
was Andreas Vesalius' masterpiece on anatomical structure
question
William Harvey's On the Motion of the Heart and Blood refuted the ideas of
answer
the liver as the beginning point of circulation of blood
question
the scientist whose work led to the law that sates that the volume of a gas varies with the pressure exerted upon it and who argued that matter is composed of atoms, later known as the chemical elements was
answer
Robert boyle
question
Antoine Lavoisier
answer
is regarded as the father of modern chemistry
question
the role of women int eh scientific revolution is illustrated by
answer
margaret cavendish who participated in her era's scientific debates
question
The overall effect of the scientific revolution on the argument about women was to
answer
generate facts about differences between men and women that were used to prove male dominace
question
margaret cavendish attacked the belief
answer
that humans through science were masters of nature
question
maria winkelmann
answer
a german astronomer
question
benedict Spinonoza believed that women
answer
were "naturally" inferior to men
question
the philosophy of rene descartes
answer
stressed the seperation of mind and matter
question
what was the name of descartes book that expounded his theories about the universe?
answer
discourse on method
question
descartes believed that the world could be understood by
answer
the same principles inherent in mathematical thinking
question
Francis bacon was important to the scientific revolution for his emphasis on
answer
empirical, experimental, observation
question
organized religions in the 17th
answer
rejected scientific discoveries that confliced with the christian view of the world
question
benedict de spinoza
answer
claimed that god was not just the creator of the universe- God was the universe
question
for spinoza, the failure to understand god led to
answer
liuhhyy
question
in his work Pensees, pascal
answer
attempted to convince rationalists that Christianity was valid by appealing to their reason and emotions
question
For Blaise Pascal, humans
answer
laehngvcjyt
question
concerning the 1st important scientific societies, the french academy differed from the english royal society in the former's
answer
governemtn support and control
question
during the 17th, royal and princley patronage of science
answer
became an international phenomenon
question
the scientific societies of early modern Europe established the first
answer
scientific journals appearing regularly
question
science became an integral part of western culture in the 18th because
answer
it offered a new means to make profits and maintain social order
question
the key figure of the scientific revolution woul would inspire the search for natural laws in other fields, including society and economics was
answer
Newton
