Anesthesia Drug Dosages – Flashcards
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Versed IVP
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1-2 mg IVP
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Versed Dose
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.025-.06 mg/kg
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Fentanyl concentration
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50 mcg/ml
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fentanyl dose
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.5-2 mcg/kg
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Lidocaine concentration
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20 mg/ml
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lidocaine dose
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.5-1 mg/kg
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Lidocaine max dose
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4.5 mg/kg, up to 300 mg lidocaine; or 7 mg/kg, up to 500 mg lidocaine with epinephrine
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Propofol concentration
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10 mg/ml
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propofol dose
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1.5-2.5 mg/kg
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rocuronium concentration
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10 mg/ml
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rocuronium dose
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.6-1.2 mg/kg
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neostigmine concentration
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1 mg/ml
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neostigmine dose
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.04-.08 mg/kg
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glycopyrrolate concentration
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.2 mg/ml
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glycopyrrolate dose
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.01-.02 mg/kg
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succinylcholine concentration
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20 mg/ml
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sux dose
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1-2 mg/kg
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vecuronium concentration
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1 mg/ml
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vecuronium dose
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.08-.12 mg/kg
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pancuronium concentration
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1-2 mg/ml
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pancuronium dose
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.1-.2 mg/kg
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labetalol (Trandate) concentration & action
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5 mg/ml. alpha 1, beta 1 & 2 antagonist, so decrease HR & decrease BP
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labetalol (Trandate) dose
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.1-.5 mg/kg. IVP= 5-10 mg or 1-2 cc's
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esmolol (Brevibloc) concentration & action
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10 mg/ml. Beta 1 direct, selective antagonist. Decrease HR
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esmolol (Breviblock) Dose
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.2-.5 mg/kg. IVP 10-20 mg or 1-2 cc's
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atropine concentration & action
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.4 mg/ml anticholinergic. Increase BP & increase HR
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atropine dose
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.01-.03 mg/kg, IVP= .2 or .4 mg. so, half or 1 cc
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ephedrine (ephedra) action
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increase BP & HR. Direct and indirect A & B agonist
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ephedrine (Ephedra) push
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5-10 mg IVP, 1-2 cc's, 5 mg/ml. Ephedrine must be diluted. 50 mg into 9 ml of normal saline = 5 mg/ml
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Phenylephrine (neosynephrine) action/ concentration
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100 mcg/ml. originally as 10 mg/ml. double diluted. direct alpha agonist. Increases blood pressure, but reflex bradycardia
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Phenylephrine (neosynephrine) IVP
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IVP 40-100 mcg or .5-1 cc's
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phenylephrine dose
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.5-1.5 mcg/kg
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ephedrine dose
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2-10 mcg/kg
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Etomidate (amidate) concentration & type of drug
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2 mg/ml. Carboxylated imidazole
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Etomidate dose
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.1-.4 mg/kg
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Etomidate induction dose
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20 mg or 10 cc's
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protamine MOA
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Specific antagonist to heparin. Positively charged base that inactivates and forms ionic bond with negatively charged acid, heparin
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Protamine Dose
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10 mg/ml. Give 1 mg of protamine for every 100 Units of heparin. DOA: 20-30 minutes. Must be given over 15-20 minutes to avoid: Hypotension Histamine release Pulmonary hypertension Pulmonary edema Allergic reaction CV collapse
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Nitroglycerin MOA
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NO mediated vasodilation of venous vessels and coronary vessels. Considerations: Methemoglobinemia at high doses Tolerance after sustained treatment Decreased platelet aggregation
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Nitroglycerin dose
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5 mg/ml. Dilute in 250 cc to 200 mcg/cc. IVP: 100 mcg or infusion: .3-10 mcg/kg/min.
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Heparin MOA
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Inhibits antithrombin which inhibits factors 10a and 2a.
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heparin Dose
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No specific dose. usually 1000 U/ ml.
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Scopolamine MOA
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...
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Lasix MOA
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inhibits reabsorbtion of Na and Cl in the ascending limb of the loop of henle. Also inhibits reabsorption of Mg and Ca.
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Lasix Dose
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IV: 0.1 - 1 mg/kg IVP: 10 - 20 mg
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Methylene Blue MOA
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...
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Magnesium Sulfate MOA
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Acts like a CCB in that it doesn't let calcium into the cell It stimulates production of VD prostacyclins and NO. May cause increase duration of NDMR because it decreases AcH at the neuromuscular junction
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Magnesium Sulfate Dose
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4 - 6 g IV over 20 min then infuse 1 - 2 g/hr
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Calcium Chloride MOA
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Increases the intracellular calcium. Treats hypocalcemia, hypermagnesium, hyperkalemia.
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Calcium Chloride Dose
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100 mg/ml.
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Calcium gluconate MOA
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...
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Marcaine (bupivacaine) MOA
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amide Local anesthestic. inhibits passage of Na ions through nerve fibers
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Marcaine (bupivacaine) Dose
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2.5 mg/kg with or without epi
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Narcan (naloxone) MOA
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Pure opioid receptor antagonist at μ receptors Displaces agonist and binds to receptors. N/V after rapid push Onset: <60 seconds Duration: 30-45 minutes
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narcan Dose
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.4 mg/ml. 1-4 mcg/kg (40 mcg every 60 sec.) Infusion: 5 mcg/kg/hour
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Famotadine (pepsid) MOA
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Competitive antagonist at H2 receptors in parietal cells
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Famotadine Dose
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.2 mg/ml. IVP: 20 mg every 12 hours.
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Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
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inverse agonist to H1 receptors
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Benadryl dose
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...
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ventolin (proventil)
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albuterol. Direct B2 agonist. Short DOA ~ 4 - 6 hrs Peak ~ 2 - 4 hrs Onset of improved respiratory function ~ 6 - 15 min with MAX about 60 - 90 min
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Ketorolac (Toradol) MOA
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NSAID that provides analgesia by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. 6-8 hours duration of action. Inhibits platelet aggregation and can increase bleeding time, effect GI ulcers & bleeding.
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ketorolac Dose
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30 mg IV loading dose. Contraindicated in renal patients & people with history of asthma triggered by aspirin
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zofran (ondansetron)
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block serotonin 5-HT3 receptors
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zofran dose
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2 mg/ml. 4 mg dose about 30 minutes before surgery ends
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hydralazine MOA
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relaxes arterial smooth muscle via cGMP. Potent cerebral vasodilator
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Hydralazine Dose
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5-20 mg IVP. onset within 15-20 minutes
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epinephrine MOA
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endogenous catecholamine. A1, B1, B2 stimulation. Increases heart rate, blood pressure, contractility, relaxes bronchial smooth muscles,
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Epi dose
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.05-1 mg.
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Levophed (norepinephrine) MOA
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Direct A1 stimulation. Vasoconstriction, increased myocardial contractility (B1 effects),
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Levophed dose
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.1 mcg/kg. 2-20 mcg/min. comes as 1 mg/ml
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oxytocin (Pitocin)
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Stimulates uterine contractions. Natural hormone and neurotransmitter
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Oxytocin Dose
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10 U/ml. Usually give 30-40 unites in a bag of fluid post cord-clamp. Total dose, 60-80 Units
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Adenosine (adenocard)
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Class 5 antiarrhythmic - Works by unknown mechanisms. Treats SVT's. Potent coronary artery dialator.
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Adenosine Dose
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6 mg fast IVP. Short half life .6-1.5 seconds
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Amiodarone (cordarone)
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K channel blocker (class 3). Slows intracardiac conduction, beta blocker like effects. Used for VF and VTach
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Amiodarone (cordarone) Dose
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Dosing: Loading 150-300mg First 6 hours: 360 mg Next 18 hours: 540 mg
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Methylene Blue (isosulfan blue)
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Treatment for methemoglobinemia from LA overdose.
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Methlene Blue dose
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1-2 mg/kg over 5 min, But its short lived & maybe cleared before all MetHgb is converted to Hgb
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Solumedrol (methylprednisone)
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anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid
