Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Frontalis (Frontal Belly)
answer
Description: Part of the Epicranius, above each eyebrow, starts at the top of the nose Action: Raises eyebrows, wrinkles brow
question
Occipitalis (Occipital Belly)
answer
Description: Part of the epicranius, back of the skull. Action: Pull scalp posteriously
question
Platysma
answer
Description: From bottom of chin, down neck to top of the chest Action: Tenses skin of neck, depresses mandible, pulls lower lip back and down
question
Orbicularis Oculi
answer
Description: Round muscle which surrounds each eye Action: Blinking, squinting, draws eyebrows down
question
Risorius
answer
Description: Inferior to zygomaticus, parallel to edge of mouth Action: Draws corner of lip laterally, tenses lip
question
Orbicularis Oris
answer
Description: Circular muscle around lips, fibers run in different directions Actions: Closes lips, whistles, kiss
question
Zygomaticus Major/Minor
answer
Description: Major/Minor (large/small), diagonally form corner of the mouth to the zygomatic bone Action: Smiling, pulls the corners of the mouth
question
Levator Labii Superioris
answer
Description: Above lips and below eyes, connects to zygomatic bone and upper lip Action: Raises and furrows upper lip, opens lip
question
Depressor Labii Inferioris
answer
Description: Small muscle, lower lip to jaw Action: Draws lower lip inferiorly
question
Masseter
answer
Description: jaw, chewing, corner of jaw to zygomatic arch Action: Prime mover of jaw closure, elevates mandible
question
Temporalis
answer
Description: Fan shaped, side of the skull Action: Closes jaw, elevates and retracts mandible
question
Sternocleidomastoid
answer
Description: Deep to Platysma, manubrium of sternum and clavicle to mastoid process of temporal bone Action: Flexion of neck forward, rotate of head toward shoulder on opposite side
question
Rectus Abdominis
answer
Description: Six pack, Linea Alba (middle line), tendinous intersections (sideways lines), from pubic crest and symphysis to ribs Action: Flexes and rotates vertebral column
question
External Oblique
answer
Description: most superficial, fibers at angle, from last 5 ribs to linea alba and pubic crest and iliac crest Action: Flexes and rotates vertebral column, trunk rotation, lateral flexion
question
Internal Oblique
answer
Description: Fibers at angle, under external oblique Action: Trunk rotation, lateral flexion
question
Transverse Abdominis
answer
Description: Deepest muscle of abdominal wall Action: Compresses abdominal contents
question
Trapezius
answer
Description: Triangular, superior muscle of back, goes from upper neck to thoracic vertebrae Action: Extends head, raises, rotates, and retracts (abducts) scapula
question
Rhomboideus Major
answer
Description: Underneath Trapezius, from thoracic vertebrae to scapula Action: Retraction of scapula medially, rotate glenoid cavity downward
question
Serratus Anterior
answer
Description: Fan shaped, deep to Scapula, under arm, above obliques Action: Rotates scapula, prime mover to protract and hold scapula
question
Teres Major
answer
Description: Inferior to Teres Minor, posterior surface at inferior angle of scapula to humerus Action: Extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerus
question
Supraspinatus
answer
Description: Under Trapezius, on top of scapula, connects to humerus, part of Rotator Cuff Action: Initiates abduction of humerus
question
Infraspinatus
answer
Description: Partially covered by Deltoid and Trapezius, below supraspinatus on scapula, connects to humerus, Rotator Cuff Action: Lateral rotation of humerus
question
Teres Minor
answer
Description: Inferior to Infraspinatus, above Teres Major, scapula to humerus Action:
question
Pectoralis Major
answer
Description: Fan shaped, covering upper chest Action: Prime mover of arm flexion, adducts and medially rotates arm
question
Latissimus Dorsi
answer
Description: Broad, flat muscle of the lower back, vertebrae to humerus Action: Extension, adducts, medially rotates arm
question
Deltoid
answer
Description: Flesy, triangular muscle that forms shoulder, from clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula to humerus Action: Arm Abduction
question
Biceps Brachii
answer
Description: Biceps, double headed, from humerus to ulna Action: Flexion of forearm
question
Brachialis
answer
Description: Deep to biceps, humerus to ulna Action: Flexion of forearm
question
Brachioradialis
answer
Description: Outside of forearm, humerus to radius Action: Flexion of forearm
question
Triceps Brachii
answer
Description: Sole, large fleshy muscle of posterior of arm, top humerus to olecranon process of ulna Action: Extension of forearm
question
Flexor Carpi Radialis
answer
Description: Runs diagonally across forearm, next to brachioradialis, humerus to metacarpals Action: Flexion of wrist, abducts hand
question
Palmaris Longus
answer
Description: Between flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris, humerus to skin and fascia of palm Action: Flexes wrist, tenses skin and fascia of palm
question
Extensor Digitorum
answer
Description: Middle forearm, splits into 4 tendons that go to fingers Action: Finger extension, extends wrist, abduct fingers
question
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
answer
Description: Parallels brachioradialis, along thumb side Action: Extends and adducts wrist
question
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
answer
Description: Next to Extensor Digitorum, extends to before pinky Action: Extends and adducts wrist
question
Gluteus Maximus
answer
Description: Butt muscle Action: Thigh extension
question
Gluteus Medius
answer
Description: Above and partially under Gluteus Maximus Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
question
Adductor Longus
answer
Description: From pelvis to femur, inside of the leg, above Adductor Magnus and Brevis Action: Adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh
question
Adductor Magnus
answer
Description: Below Adductor Longus Action: Adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh
question
Tensor Fasciae Latae
answer
Description: Outside of leg Action: Flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh
question
Iliopsoas
answer
Description: Made up of Illacus and Psoas Major, next to and on ilium Action: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh
question
Pectineus
answer
Description: Higher above Adductor Longus Action: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
question
Gracilis
answer
Description: Inside of leg, superficial Action: Adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
question
Sartorius
answer
Description: Superficial muscle running diagonally across thigh from outside at ilium to inside at knee Action: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh
question
Rectus Femoris
answer
Description: Superficial, runs straight down, large Action: Extends knee and flexes thigh
question
Vastus Lateralis
answer
Description: Outside of thigh, under Tensor Fasciae Latae Action: Extends knee
question
Vastus Intermedius
answer
Description: Underneath Rectus Femoris, between Vastus Lateralis and Vastus Medialis Action: Extends Knee
question
Vastus Medialis
answer
Description: Inside of thigh, under Sartorius Action: Extends Knee
question
Biceps Femoris
answer
Description: Outside of leg, under Gluteus Maximus Action: Extends thigh
question
Semitendinosus
answer
Description: Inside of leg, next to Biceps Femoris Action: Extends thigh, flexes knee
question
Semimembranosus
answer
Description: Deep to Semitendinosus Action: Extends thigh, flexes knee
question
Tibialis Anterior
answer
Description: Outside of bone, superficial Action: Dorsiflexion
question
Peroneus Longus
answer
...
