AMS 10 FINAL – Flashcards

this is the idea that combines technology and nature to modernize america. Specifically, it is when we use technology to improve nature. For example, America developed DES before any other country to be the best and quickest inventors. DES is a form of synthetic estrogen which was thought to prevent miscarriages, but in reality harmed fesus by giving them cancer.

was the author of "Nickel and Dimed." Barbara was her full name as an author, but in the novel she played a low wage worker who when by the name Barb. Barb discovered how difficult it was to earn the living wage; and that when earning minimum wage-one job is not enough.

This is a song sang by Bruce Springsteen in the 80s. This song can be viewed in a patriotic and happy sense, which is what it was usually mistakenly taken for. In reality, it is a song about the trouble and hardships that America was going through during the time of the Vietnam war.

A novel written by Gish Jen about immigrant's experiencing the triumphs and trials of American life. Gish Jen tells the immigrant story through the Chang family who first come to the US with no intention of staying. The Chinese immigrant family begin to dream the American dream of self invention and move from ppl who disparage all that is "typical american" to ppl who might be seen as typically American themselves

The Chang-kees is a term that was named by the main character Ralph in Typical American. AFter going to a Yankee Baseball game and getting racial slurs thrown at them, the Chang family then decided to just stay at home and watch America's favorite pastime. Even though the Chang family was trying to assimilate with the American culture,they soon learned that no matter how hard they tried they could not be the typical american family. imperfect assimilation

A federal law that was signed in 1882 to restrict the immigration of Chinese laborers to the US. the significance of this act was to limit the numbers of chinese laborers in fear that they would take over American job opportunities.

the hotel that barb in nickel and dimed worked at. many mothers worked as maids just to get by, so they had mothers house to convient the workers

The drug prescribed to Judith Helfand's mother in the movie Blue Vinyl. Doctors claimed that taking DES would prevent miscarriage and ensure a healthy baby, which was not the case. Judith, whose mother took DES, has cervical cancer that was caused by the DES.

Developed by Henry Ford in 1914 to make the labor process more efficient. He created the assembly line which maxims profit and efficiency, deskilling labor through repetitive tasks. This mass production allows for mass consumption. There was a $5/8 hr work day establish middle class wastes and the laborer is able to be the commodity.

resturant that Barb worked at. first low wage job. proved that low scale jobs are just as hard, if not harder as corporate. The restaurant that Ehrenreich worked at the beginning of her experiment in Key West, Florida. In the book Nickel and Dimed. An example of a minimum wage job in America. While working there Ehrenreich is introduced to many of the problems of working class America. One of her coworkers is forced to live in her car, ect. The dishwashers are Haitian immigrants - are treated unfairly. Reflects the idea that we keep the undesirable parts of American culture hidden.

lived in the 1800s. He was a prolific 19th century American author. best known for his many juvenile novels about impoverished boys and their rise from their humble backgrounds to lives of middle class security and comfort. achieved through hard work, determination, courage and honesty. he wrote "Strive and Suceed"

combination of imagination and engineering.A phrase they use in Typical American to describe the type of thinking you need to become a "self made man". Ralph believes Imagineering in necessary. Believes he will take his creative thinking and make it into business success.

was a United States federal law that limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890. not only was this directed to chinese but also jews. this idea of ppl trying hard to america quickly so they would be allowed in is the beginning of this ideology that when you come to America and step off the boat, your life would change.this lead to racial ideology bc the gov't put a limit on the number of immigrants who came, causing racism and prejudice to new foreign faces coming into America

Hendrix's performance featured a rendition of the US national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner", during which he used copious amounts of amplifier feedback, distortion, and sustain to replicate the sounds made by rockets and bombs.[197] Although contemporary political pundits described his interpretation as a statement against the Vietnam War, three weeks later Hendrix explained its meaning: "We're all Americans ... it was like 'Go America!'... We play it the way the air is in America today. The air is slightly static, see".[198] Immortalized in the 1970 documentary film, Woodstock, his guitar-driven version would become part of the sixties Zeitgeist.[199] Pop critic Al Aronowitz of The New York Post wrote: "It was the most electrifying moment of Woodstock, and it was probably the single greatest moment of the sixties."[198] Images of the performance showing Hendrix wearing a blue-beaded white leather jacket with fringe, a red head-scarf, and blue jeans are widely regarded as iconic pictures that capture a defining moment of the era.[200][nb 31] He played "Hey Joe" during the encore, concluding the 3½-day festival. Upon leaving the stage, he collapsed from exhaustion.[199][nb 32] In 2011, the editors of Guitar World placed his rendition of "The Star Spangled Banner" at Woodstock at number one in their list of his 100 greatest performances.[203]

amount of money someone would need to pay for all the necessities to live. what you need to survive, such as basic food, housing and cloths. in america, the minimum wage would not be enough to survive for a poverty stricken family. we learn that if you work hard enough in america, that you can be successful but many ppl work countless low wage work and can never even get to a living wage

the idea that america should extend from west to east, sea to sea. manifest destiny helps construct the image of the nation as a pioneering spirit instead of slavery and conquest. used to explain why the US had a special mission to expand westward across the north american content. used to justify things like the indian removal. it represents the idea that America spreading and taking over to create opportunities for more ppl

translated into spanish is "nuevo himino". this was the spanish version of the star spangled banner from a collection of different artists. this spanish song was controversial in the sense that the national anthem for america was being sung by a different language other than English. it brings up the idea that america is composed by many immigrants into one melting pot.Bush banned it bc it wasn't English "you ought to speak english if you wanna live in our country"

productive= waged labor that produces commodities, goods based reproductive= labor of caring for others like maid, waitressing. gendered toward females

was a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized workflows. Its main objective was improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management.

ralphs sister, goes against gender identity, lives with bro and his wife

not working while being paid such talking to coworkers, sitting down or taking a break while being clocked in. the concept was introduced in nickel and dimed when barb worked at walmart

or vinyl chloride; versatile product used for basically everything. when inhaled, hazardous to your lungs and can cause cancer. brought up in Blue Vinyl

walmart is currently the biggest private owned company in the nation. it employs people for low wages, in order to sell items that are the cheapest in its market. in nickel and domed, barb is an employee of walmart and experiences how the higher position employees make the most money and rely on the endless work of the people that work below them

whitman was born in 1819. he intensely debated the question if there was american culture. tried to establish american mind that was hopeful, idealistic, and invidualistic. he wrote "i hear america singing" that depicts the common man. it emphasizes individual ppl and shows democracy of the workforce

working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line. the wages that the working poor receive are insufficient to provide the basic necessities. poverty is often associated with joblessness but a significant portion of the poor in the US are employed they receive wages so low they cannot provide necessities

the theory that the US is different and better than other countries. it refers to the special character of the US as a uniquely free nation based on democratic ideas and personal liberty.It does not imply american excellence

refers to the non financial social assets that promote social mobility beyond economic means. social cultural and economic advantages that people have that are often not assessed in job findings

idea of domination without coercion and force over parties who consent. the less coercion there is the more hegemonic the ideas become. a great example of hegemony would be in the novel nickel and domed when barb worked for clear view in the male manager Ted clearly made more money than maids who worked their and had power over them but never in a forceful way because the maids could quit and easily be replaced. the maids looked up to ted because they wanted to be up to his financial status. hegemonic ideas could be ideologies also.

the way society explains itself to itself. a certain way of presenting the world that passes itself off as the truth of the world. ideologies are not just ideas, they are embedded into society and are institionalized.

the role of labor is to produce commodities. two types of labor, productive and reproductive

as seen in croons article, nature is socially constructed. humans make nature whatever they want it to be. croon believes all people are inevitably tied to nature even in the cities. the problem is that we haven't learned how to live responsibility in nature

refers to the post war restructing of the global economy that accelerated in the 1980s. Under neoliberalism there was much more reliance on financial capital then industry and material practices of consumption and production. its a political philosophy whose advocates support free trade, open markets, privatization, deregulation and enhancing the role of the private sector

fixed belief on a certain race. racial hierarchy . it is easier to see racial ideologies from the past bc the one we live today is naturalized. contradicts American dream. whites view their culture as the best, colorblind racism.

(1889-1979) leader in the African American civil rights movement, the American labor movement and socialist political parities.organized the brotherhood of sleeping car porters which was the first predominately black labor union. In early civil rights he led the march on Washington movement which convinced Roosevelt to ban discrimination in the defense industries during WWII. he was head of the march on Washington protesting discrimination in the defense industry, which laid the ground work for MLK march on Washington where he delivered the I have a dream speech. he was involved in the double V campaign and said "winning democracy for the negro is winning the ward for democracy". he was familiar with socialism and the ideologies promoted by the industrial worker of the world. he opposed African Americans having to compete with people willing to work for low wages and reached the notions of racial heiarchy that became popular in the 1920s president of the nation brotherhood of workers in America. he had a significant impact on civil rights and many of this tactics like encouraging AA to vote as a block and training activists for non violent continued to be used

a style of jazz characterized by fast tempo, intrusemental, improvisation. It was developed in the 1940s and it first surfaced in the first two years of American involvement in WW2. it formed out of swing and big band. it was never meant for the popular market but its was the first modern jazz style, even though it started out unpopular and not viewed positively. Bebop differed drastically from the straightforward compositions of the swing era, and was instead characterized by fast tempos, asymmetrical phrasing, intricate melodies, and rhythm sections that expanded on their role as tempo-keepers.The classic bebop combo consisted of saxophone, trumpet, bass, drums, and piano. shifted the focus of white swing to black bebop.

bracero in spanish means manual labor. a series of laws and diplomatic agreements through an exchange of diplomatic notes between the US and mexico for the importation of temporary contract laborers from Mexico. the program sponsored about 4.5 million guess workers from mexico. the program was initially prompted by demand for manual labor during WW2 and began with the US movement bringing in a few hundred mexican agriculture laborers to harvest. the program was eventually voted out of existence in 1964 under criticism for exploiting mexican workers and depriving jobs for american workers. many braceros were able to stay in the us after the program ended. 1947-1964

William F. Cody was Buffalo Bill, who became an international celebrity. He was one of the best known figures of the American old west and became famous for the shows her organized. buffalo bills wild west show was one of the largest, most popular businesses in the field of commercial entertainment. the wild west was not only a major influence on amerian ideas about the frontier, but it was a highly influential overseas advertisement for the US. the wild west displayed the struggle between red men and white ones, and the worldwide struggle between "progressive" and "savage" reaches that shaped the modern world.

African America faced continued segregation during World War two and the gap between the promise and performance of American freedom when it came to race relations, many blacks felt alienated from the war effort and faced segregation in combat. They called their fight for equality the double V campaign, which was suggested by James Thompson.Even though they were unable to achieve their goals during the war, they made the issues known. A victory over our enemies on the battlefields abroad and a victory in the fight for freedom against enslavers at home discriminating. The double V campaign ran weekly in the Courier which was the most widely read black newspaper during the war. the campaign helped provide a voice to Americans who wanted to protest racial discrimination and contributed to the war effort, it kept the demands of AA for equal rights at the forefront. Double V helped inspire the modern civil rights movement

Was an American soul and jazz poet, musician and author known best for his work as a spoken word performer. his work influenced writers, academics, and musicians and influenced other genres like hip hop and rap. His best known composition was "revolution will not be televised" a poem and song record in 1970 for his album small talk where he recited the lyrics accompanied by congas and bongo drums. called himself a american bluesologist, a science whose concered about the origin of blues

One of the most deadliest most destructive hurricane's in America in 2005. It was the costliest natural disaster in US history, 1833 people died and total property damage was 81 billion. It hit august of 2005 in Louisana and cost the levi system to fail flooding 80% of new Orleans, levee can be seen as a form of American technonature. this hurricane was not only seen as a natural disaster but a man made and government one as well. The economic effects of the hurricane we're huge, total economic impact to be over 150 million. the hurricane stranded thousands without help for days, aid was very slow, and people who remained in the city had to find ways to survive, the term "looting" was used a lot to describe the aftermath. gov't response to katrina was heavily criticized for mismanagement and lack of leadership in relief efforts, which is why it can be seen as a gov't disaster. the role of mass media was huge in coverage of the event. institutionalized racism and colorblind racism are prevalent and this suggest Katrina as a man made disaster. many people left homeless. FEMA was nationally critized, bc they ddidnt give ppl the money they promised they would

represents the model postwar American suburb, American cultural icon. built by William Levitt and his fan in 1947. Levittown capitalized on the housing crunch of the immediate families in the form of a small, detached single family houses. he knew to make this community a success he needed to present it as a new form of ideal American life, one that combined middle class life of prewar suburban communities with democratized life of younger urban raised GIs. Suburbs of Leviitown consisted of white picket pence, green lawn, kitchen appliances. Made concrete that women's place was in the home and men would leave and go to the city to work. allowed people their american dream home, racial and class segregation

Malcom X was a courageous advocate for the rights of blacks, he accused white America in the harshest terms for their crimes against black americans and people often accused him of preaching racist and violence. One of the greatest and most influential African americans in history, was known for his militancy. Converted to Islam in prision. promoted black supremacy and advocated the separation of black and white americans. many felt that he articulated their concerns of inequality better than mainstream civil rights movement.

worlds largest chain of fast food restaurants serving 68 million customers daily in 119 countries. It is a transnational corporation and its globalization is often referred to as "mcdonalization". the company has learned to manipulate personal tastes by adapting to the food to the region which has allowed them to thrive called the localization strategy ex. France

one of the greatest basketball players of all time. he was the most effectively marketed professional sports players and he is often credited for making the NBA popular, by his athletic skills, marketing instincts and new type of corporation exemplified by nike. being sponsored by nike was one of their biggest success, he played well and sales soared. had his own shoes-air jordans. MJ is regulated bc he has to follow the rules and has increased responsibility with increased attention. marketing is a form of surveillance and radicalization. "self made white man" instead of self made black man

a transnational corporation that engages in design, development, manufacturing and marketing, selling footwear and apparel. it was founded by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, Nike has become one of the largest suppliers of sports wear and equipment. the swoosh has become the most recognizable commercial logo in global sports. an image and no words was needed to produce a profit, even in other cultures. Nike believed that an athlete could actively enter the marketplace, drive sales upwards then profit from those sales and MJ was initially that person for Nike.

In the 1950s and 60s, area where all the houses looked the same. sitcom suburbs centered around middle class families with a focus on home life, a breadwinning father and homemaker mother and growing children within the domestic space of the suburban home.represented post war suburbs, and the deliberate intervention of the federal govt into the financing into single family housing across the nation. nationally publicized on tv

On August 1, 1942 the body of Jose Garllardo Diaz was found in Sleepy Lagoon in Los Angeles.It was a reservoir used as a recreational facility used mostly by Mexican American kids. the cause of death was never found but 7 mexican americans suspects were quickly arrested and charged with murder despite insufficient evidence. These convictions were a precursor to the zoot suit riots. Leyvas was 20 when he was arrested, he was a zoot suited.

A functional analysis of the body as a machine to be fixed in order to be conformed for normal values. It identifies systematic barriers, negative attitudes, and exclusion by society that mean society is the main contributing factor in disabled people. the social model is that impairment + soceity= disability. it has been used to justify racism, sexism disability was a big factor in three debates around African American freedom and civil rights, women's suffrage and immigration restriction. disabled bodies are not that different, it is the social condition that is crippling. institutions such as education and medicine get to define the characteristic of disability

a narrative and an overcoming story about the fact that despite disability one can do things able body person can do. Eli Clare's the mountain is all about the supercrip store. Focuses on disabled people "overcoming" their disability which reinforces the superiority of the able body and mind. They turn individual disabled people who are just living their lives into symbols of inspiration. Signs of disability are often read as signs of inability and achievement by people with disability is often seen to contradict the disability itself.

A transnational corporation is one that has its headquarters in one country and operates in other. Nike is a prime example of transnational corporation. They are an American corporation but most of its laborers and its sales were abroad. nike is a company unlike others, there were a transnational corporation, one that made nearly all its products abroad and sold half or more in foreign markets. nike's advertising was revolutionary and that is a big factor in making them transnational; they were selling not just a product but a lifestyle, "just do it".- A massive corporation that is anchored in an anchor state but its modes of production have a non national model. Employs foreign labor and key to their success is new technology. Makes it very difficult to monitor or enforce laws. Outside a single countries jurisdiction because company is so global. They are dependent on a global market in which to sell their products so their advertising campaigns are massive and worldwide

termed used by susan douglass in her book Enlightened Sexism. it is a response, deliberate or not to the perceived threat of a new regime. it insists that women have made pently of progress bc of feminism and fully equally has been allegedly achieved so now it is ok to resurrect sexist stereotypes of girls and women. enlightened sexisms says that women can gain and enjoy true power through their faces, bodies, attire and sexuality. ppl think that feminisms goals are cheap and over, it is okay to objectify women bc we are equal now. while it supports women's equality, it is dedicated in undoing feminism. enlightened sexism is a manufactured process that is constantly produced by the media. ppl are enlightened when they learn about sexism bc they dnt think it exists.

written by Fedrick Jackson Turner in 1893 that argued that American democracy was formed by the American frontier. The frontier was the outer edge, the meeting point between savagery and civilization and domesticating the land of the frontier helped one become American.the American frontier established liberty by releasing Americans from European midgets and customs, frontier land was up for the taking. In the thesis he stressed the process that the moving frontier line and the impact it had on pioneers moving west. he emphasized the importance of the frontier in shaping American character and this influenced thousands of other scholars. It was the structuring theory of American history, it explained why the American people were different than Europeans, free for anyone that wanted it. it was believed that the end of frontier represented a new stage in American life that the US must expand oversees. established liberty by releasing americans by euproeans mindsets

it was in the 1890s that America was seen as an empire. The ideas of a US empire was partly driven by fears of other empires. It was said that territorial expansion was enlarging the space of freedom and enabling an empire of liberty. Americans used the concept of manifest destiny instead of empire to justify their expansion and said it was their natural and a nonviolent process. an example of America as an empire would be the Monroe doctrine which was a policy of the US intro cued in 1823 that stated further efforts by European Nations to colonize land or internee with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring us intervention

Osama Bin Laden and his followers that attacked on September 11 had blamed american capitalism and globalization for corrupting their homelands and Saudi Arabia the center of Islamic region. In having this reasoning, it demonstrates the potential evil power that American capitalism had. Such examples of this would be the exploitation of workers in sweat shops in Asia to build the nike products and air jordans. Furthermore, the bloody terms of capitalism could also point to the soft power that the US used to create a cultural imperialism of its products. By selling ideas and ways of living like "just do it" and the ways of eating McDonalds, the US inflicted its culture onto others.

This quote is from Susan Douglas's "Where the girls are." Media critic Douglas deconstructs the ambiguous messages sent to American women via TV programs, popular music, advertising, and nightly news reporting over the last 40 years, and fathoms their influence on her own life and the lives of her She constructs her argument around the history of the love-hate relationship of women to the mass media. considers the paradox of a generation of women raised to see themselves as bimbos becoming the very group that found its voice in feminism. Modern American women, she suggests, have been fed so many conflicting images of their desires, aspirations and relationships with men, families and one another that they are veritable cultural schizophrenics, uncertain of what they want and what society expects of them. A single image--Diana Ross of the Supremes, for example, or Gidget from the popular sitcom--can send mixed signals, Douglas shows, at once affirming a woman's right to a voice and cautioning her not to go too far. Thus the media is often both a liberating and an oppressive force. Douglas is particularly attentive to the ways pop culture's messages have responded to shifting social and economic imperatives, including the feminist movement itself. While she asserts that pop culture can have a profound impact on one's self-perceptions, she also stresses that women, by the example of their own lives, have changed--mostly for the better--the way the media represents them.Susan Douglas also has a novel called Enlightened Sexism that insist that women have made plenty of progress because of feminism and fully equality has been allegedly achieved so now it is ok to resurrect sexist stereotypes of girls and women

This quote is from Eric Lott's double v double time. Bebop was important in that it is a form of resistance and emphasized being known as a culture of African Americans that was their own by asserting their culture's visibility. Bebop (or, simply, Bop) is a musical form rooted in African-American jazz traditions. It grew out of the experimentation with new musical vocabularies by a small number of black jazz musicians in New York's Harlem in the early 1940's and by the end of that decade had superseded swing (against which it was a reaction) and become the dominant form of progressive jazz. Although jazz music has gone through a number of further transmogrifications since that time, bop has remained the "mainstream" of jazz, and most practitioners of this art form are still plying the same waters that were originally discovered by Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, and their colleagues more than a half-century ago. Bebop was a soloists music, despite the democratic ethos of jazz.

This quote is from Bayton's novel, Chapter 1, titled "Disability and the Justification of Inequailty in American History." Disability has functioned historically to justify inequality for disabled peo-ple themselves, but it has also done so for women and minority groups.That is,not only has it been considered justifiable to treat disabled people unequally, but the concept of disability has been used to justify discrimination against other groups by attributing disability to them. Disability was a significant far- tor in the three great citizenship debates of the nineteenth and early twenr~rth centuries: women's suffrage, African American freedom and civil rights, and the restriction of immigration.

This quote is from Patricia Limericks Something in the soil. This was a response to Turner's Frontier thesis.Limerick doesn't just want to offer a more realistic version of history; she wants to construct a new mythology, a new master narrative of the American West. And the fact that she has not, despite more than a decade of trying, managed to disabuse Americans of the old mythology of the frontier, in which the good guys and bad guys were well-defined and open to limited interpretation, haunts her, it seems.As a historian, Limerick has long asserted the need for a more complex and more honest understanding of the borderlands. She argues that, for much of the twentieth century, Anglo-America has been "fixed on the definition of the frontier drawn from the imaginative reconstruction of the story of the United States and its westward expansion" (Limerick, Something 87). Like many scholars writing under the collective banner of the New Western History, Limerick seeks to deconstruct the "interpretive straightjacket" of Frederick Jackson Turner's "Frontier Thesis" (Etulain 108). Interestingly, she points out that, despite the "spectre" presented by Turner, "North America has, in fact, had two strong traditions in the use of the term" (Limerick, Something 87). On the one hand, of course, there is the "idea of the frontier" which, as an "extremely well established ... cultural common property," pertains to a Turnerian ideal, a space "where white settlers entered a zone of 'free' land and opportunity" (Limerick, Something 87). On the other, she describes a much less familiar, though "much more realistic usage of la frontera," which describes the cultural complexities and personal experiences along "the borderlands between Mexico and the United States" (Limerick, Something 87-88).

this quote is from Priscilla Wald's " American Studies and the Politics of Life." This demonstrates how unequal practices and institutions in history became structural or how they created stratifications among populations. Wald calls these structures (ex. Medical instutions) violent or racist to draw attention to the acts of these agencies that perpetuate the injustices and to the responsibility of the agents to change them. bc of unequal distribituiton of resources, they become the minority groups bc they are disadvantaged. the shitty areas lead to violence. leads to social unrest. hurricane katrina, poverty ppl live near levees which are a undesirable place to live.