AMH 2020 final exam study guide – Flashcards

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1945-1953
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Harry Truman
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1953-1961
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Dwight Eisenhower
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1961-1963
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JFK
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1963-1969
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Lyndon Johnson
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1969-1974
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Richard Nixon
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1974-1977
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Gerald Ford
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1977-1981
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Jimmy Carter
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1981-1989
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Ronald Regan
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1989-1993
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George HW Bush
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1993-2001
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Bill Clinton
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2001-2009
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George Bush
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2009-2015
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Barack Obama
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Whitaker Chambers
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former communist and soviet spy then renounced communism. Testified at Hiss's trial
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Thomas E. Dewey
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Lost to Truman in 1948
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Douglas MacArthur
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Led the US army in Korea in the Battle of Inchon
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Alger Hiss
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American government official accused of being a Soviet spy and convicted of perjury
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Joseph R. McCarthy
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Announced a list on Communist party members, fed into fear of communist expansion
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Edgar Hoover
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Founded FBI
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Joseph Stalin
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Leader of soviet union from mid 1920's-1953
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Elvis Presley
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American singer and actor 1935-1977
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John Foster Dulles
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U.S. secretary of state under Eisenhower, advocated an aggressive stance against communism around the world
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Dean Acheson
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U.S. secretary of state under Truman, played a role refining foreign policy during cold war
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Ho Chi Minh
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Vietnamese communist revolutionary leader from 1945-1955
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Ngo Dinh Diem
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First rebuild leader of south vietnam
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Nikita Khrushchev
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Russian politician who led the soviet union during part of the cold war
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Martin Luther King Jr.
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Civil Rights activist, famous for I Have A Dream
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Rosa Parks
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wouldn't get up from her set on the bus
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Earl Warren
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Chief justice who made the decision to outlaw segregation
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Lee Harvey Oswald
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Assasinated JFK
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Malcolm X
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advocate of "Black Power"
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Hubert H. Humphrey
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LBJ's Vice president, lost to nixon in 1968 presidential election
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Dean Rusk
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Secretary of state under LBJ
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Bob Woodward
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reported on the watergate scandal for the Washington post, teamed up with Carl Bernstein
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Carl Bernstein
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reported on the watergate scandal for the Washington post, teamed up with Bob Woodward
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George C. Wallace
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Alabama Governor, believed in segregation, ran for president for four consecutive elections
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Robert Kennedy
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Attorney General for JFK, Senator from NY, Assassinated in 1968
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Bob Dylan
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singer songwriter
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Fidel Castro
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Dictator in cuba, responsible for cuban missile crisis, communist
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Henry Kissinger
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served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the administrations of Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.
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Mao Zedong (Mao Tse Tung)
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Chairman of the Communist Party of China
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Chiang Kai Shek
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was a Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975.
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Ayatollah Khomeini
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was an Iranian Shia Muslim religious leader, revolutionary, politician, the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the leader of the 1979
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Mikhail Gorbachev
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He was the eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991 when the party was dissolved
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Thurgood Marshall
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was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice.
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Jackie Robinson
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first african-american baseball player
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Barry Goldwater
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Republican Party's nominee for president in the 1964 election. is the politician most often credited for sparking the resurgence of the American conservative political movement in the 1960s. He also had a substantial impact on the libertarian movement
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John Paul II
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served as Pope from 1978 to 2005.
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Ross Perot
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is an American businessman best known for being an independent presidential candidate in 1992 and the Reform party presidential candidate in 1996.
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Camp David Accords
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were signed by Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David. A Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty between Egypt and Israel
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CIA
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Central Intelligence Agency founded in 1947
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Greek-Turkish Aid Bill (1947)
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when he pledged to contain Soviet threats to Greece and Turkey
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Truman Doctrine
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was an American foreign policy to stop Soviet imperialism during the Cold War. The U.S. will intervene against Communist expansion
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Marshall Plan
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was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave $13 billion in economic support to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War 2
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NATO
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization. founded in 1947
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Collective Security
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An attack on one is an attack on all
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Containment
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is a military strategy to stop the expansion of an enemy. It is best known as the Cold War policy of the United States and its allies to prevent the spread of communism abroad
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Battle of Inchon
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was an amphibious invasion and battle of the Korean War that resulted in a decisive victory and strategic reversal in favor of the United Nations.
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GI Bill of Rights
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also called Servicemen's Readjustment Act, U.S. legislation passed in 1944 that provided benefits to World War II veterans.
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Beatniks (Beats)
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Caen coined the term by adding the Russian suffix -nik to the Beat Generation.
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NAACP
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, a civil rights organization for ethnic minorities in the united States.
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
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Martin Luther King Jr. organized which began a chain reaction of similar boycotts throughout the South
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Watergate
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was a major political scandal that occurred in the United States in the 1970s as a result of the June 17, 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee. the variety of illegal activities engaged in by the Nixon administration
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Missile Gap
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was the Cold War term used in the US for the perceived superiority of the number and power of the USSR's missiles in comparison with its own.
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Space Race
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as a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union and the United States , for supremacy in spaceflight capability.
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Reaganomics
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which called for widespread tax cuts, decreased social spending, increased military spending, and the deregulation of domestic markets.
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Iran-Contra Scandal
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in U.S. history, secret arrangement in the 1980s to provide funds to the Nicaraguan contra rebels from profits gained by selling arms to Iran.
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Domino Theory
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was a theory prominent from the 1950s to the 1980s, that speculated that if one country in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow
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Great Society
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was a set of domestic programs in the United States launched by Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964-65. The main goal was the elimination of poverty and racial injustice.
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Economic Opportunity Act
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1964, authorized the formation of local Community Action Agencies as part of the War on Poverty. These agencies are directly regulated by the federal government.
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Vietnamization
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The gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops, accompanied by war-like rhetoric and increased bombing
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OPEC
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represented a collective act of sovereignty by petroleum-exporting nations, and marked a turning point in state control over natural resources
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Warsaw Pact
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was a collective defense treaty among eight communist states of Central and Eastern Europe in existence during the Cold War, led by the USSR.
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Federal Highway Act of 1956
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The law authorized the construction of a 41,000-mile network of interstate highways that would span the nation.
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Roe v. Wade
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is a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of abortion.
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff in October 1962 over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba
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U-2 Incident
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happened during the Cold War on 1 May 1960, during the presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower and the premiership of Nikita Khrushchev, when a United States spy plane was shot down from Soviet airspace.
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Black Power Movement
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It was prominent in the late 1960s and early 1970s, emphasizing racial pride and the creation of black political and cultural institutions to nurture and promote black collective interests and advance black values.
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Counterculture
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a way of life and set of attitudes opposed to or at variance with the prevailing social norm.
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Détente
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is the easing of strained relations, especially in a political situation. to the general easing of the geo-political tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States
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Stagflation
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is a situation in which the inflation rate is high, the economic growth rate slows, and unemployment remains steadily high.
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War on Poverty
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legislation first introduced by United States President Lyndon B. Johnson during his State of the Union address. to a national poverty rate of around nineteen percent
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
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it gave U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by Congress, for the use of "conventional'' military force in Southeast Asia
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Bay of Pigs
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was a failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the CIA-sponsored paramilitary
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Brown v. Board of Education
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was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional
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Equal Rights Amendment
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was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal rights for women.
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Strategic Defense Initiative
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also known as Star Wars, was a program first initiated on March 23, 1983 under President Ronald Reagan. The intent of this program was to develop a sophisticated anti-ballistic missile system in order to prevent missile attacks from other countries, specifically the Soviet Union. SDI.
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Cold War
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was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Western Bloc
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Southern Strategy
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a strategy by some Republican Party candidates of gaining political support in the Southern United States by appealing to racism against African Americans.
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Black Panthers
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practiced militant self-defense of minority communities against the U.S. government, and fought to establish revolutionary socialism through mass organizing and community based programs.
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Tet Offensive
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a coordinated series of fierce attacks on more than 100 cities and towns in South Vietnam.
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Viet Cong
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was the name given by Western sources to the National Liberation Front during the Vietnam War
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National Liberation Front (NLF)
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Vietnamese political organization formed on Dec. 20, 1960, to effect the overthrow of the South Vietnamese government and the reunification of North and South Vietnam
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Berlin Wall
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a wall to separate eastern and western germany during the cold war
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Warren Commission Report
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nvestigate the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy
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Operation Desert Storm
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operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia. in its combat phase, was a war - in the Persian Gulf region - waged by coalition forces from 34 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
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Lewinsky Scandal
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was an American political sex scandal emerging in 1998, from a sexual relationship between 49-year-old President Bill Clinton and a 22-year-old White House employee
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John Ehrlichman
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white house counsel (domestic affairs) under nixon
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H.R. Haldeman
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white house chief of staff under nixon
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SALT
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Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
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Perestroika
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Restructuring of Communist leadership
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Glasnost
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Liberalization of Communist party
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