American History II Final Exam – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Winston Churchill
answer
British Prime Minister during WWII; coined the term "Iron Curtain"
question
Adolf Hitler
answer
Dictator of Nazi Germany during WWII
question
Japanese Americans
answer
Internment camps in the US; treated poorly during WWII
question
Douglas MacArthur
answer
US Commander in the Philippines WWII
question
Joseph Stalin
answer
Dictator of Soviet Union WWII
question
Harry S. Truman
answer
President who made the decision to drop the atomic bomb in WWII
question
Appeasement
answer
Policy used by the US and Great Britain that gave into Germany's demands to seize territory pre-WWII
question
D-Day
answer
June 6, 1944; Allied invasion led by Eisenhower at the beaches of Normandy, France.
question
Hiroshima
answer
First Japanese city to be bombed with an atomic bomb; "Little Boy"; August 6,1945
question
Holocaust
answer
1932-1945; mass killings of Jews, gypsies, Africans, handicapped people and more under the control of Hitler
question
Lend-Lease Act
answer
Law permitting the sell of weapons by the US to other Allied countries during WWII
question
Manhattan Project
answer
A secret project of developing an atomic bomb
question
Neutrality Acts
answer
Illegal for Americans to sell weapons to any country at war; banned the sale of arms to either side in a civil war
question
Pearl Harbor
answer
December 7,1941; "A day that who live in infamy"-FDR
question
United Nations
answer
International organization, 1945 to resolve conflicts between nations
question
Dwight D. Eisenhower
answer
1953; Allied commander in WWII, helped plan D-Day
question
Nikita Khrushchev
answer
Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis
question
Mao Zedong
answer
Leader of communist China
question
George C. Marshall
answer
Secretary of State; Marshall Plan- June 1947
question
Joseph McCarthy
answer
Senator; Accused innocent people of being communist; Salem Witch Trials -> communist version
question
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
answer
1950; Accused of running Soviet Spy Network; 1st civilians executed for espionage in 1953
question
Berlin Airlift
answer
US and British effort to keep West Berlin supplied during the Soviet blockade of the city
question
Blacklist
answer
A list of persons who are disapproved of or who are to be punished or boycotted
question
Containment
answer
US policy to stop the spread of communism
question
Iron Curtain
answer
The political and military barrier that isolated Soviet-controlled countries of Eastern Europe after WWII
question
Korean Way
answer
38th parallel; containment of communism to the North--who was supported by communists; democratic power to the South-- who was supported by UN forces; 1950-1953
question
Marshall Plan
answer
George C. Marshall's plan~ would give European nations American aide to rebuild their economies
question
NATO
answer
military alliance of the US and 11 other countries; set up to defend each other post WWII
question
Sputnik
answer
USSR's lead in the Space Race; first artificial satellite
question
Truman Doctrine
answer
US policy of economic support for countries fighting against communism
question
Yalta Conference
answer
Germany divided and reparations set; Poland's government; free elections
question
Elvis Presley
answer
"King of Rock and Roll"
question
Jonas Salk
answer
developer of the polio vaccine
question
Baby Boomers
answer
sharp rise in the number of births after WWII and 1960s
question
Fair Deal
answer
Increase minimum wage to 75¢ an hour; increase social security by 75% and extended them to 10 million people; provided construction of low-income housing
question
G.I. Bill of Rights
answer
Servicemen's Readjustment Act; provided general funds to veterans
question
Neil Armstrong
answer
First man on the moon; Apollo 11; 1969
question
Fidel Castro
answer
Cuban communist leader; Bay of Pigs; Cuban Missile Crisis
question
John Glenn
answer
First astronaut to orbit Earth
question
Lyndon B. Johnson
answer
JFK's VP; became President on Air Force One after JFK was assassinated
question
John F. Kennedy
answer
Involved in the Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis and forming the Peace Corps
question
22nd Amendment
answer
Two term limit on the presidency
question
Apollo 11
answer
First spaceship to land on the moon
question
Bay of Pigs
answer
Kennedy approved play to start an uprising in Cuba; FAIL!
question
Berlin Wall
answer
Divided East Germany from West Germany; stood as a visible symbol of Cold War divisions
question
Cuban Missile Crisis
answer
Kennedy ordered a blockade that forced the USSR to remove weapons from Cuba
question
Great Society
answer
LBJ's goal to build a better society "where leisure is a welcome chance to build and reflect..."
question
Medicare
answer
Federal health care program for people over the age of 65
question
New Frontier
answer
JFK's hope to increase aid to education, provide health insurance to the elderly and create a Department of Urban Affairs
question
Peace Corps
answer
An organization that sent Americans to provide humanitarian services in less developed nations
question
Warren Commission
answer
Stated that Lee Harvey Oswald was a lone assassin
question
Martin Luther King Jr.
answer
Non-violent civil rights leader, March on Washington, Montgomery Bus Boycott
question
Thurgood Marshall
answer
First African-American Supreme Court Justice
question
Rosa Parks
answer
Her actions and arrest set off a historic bus boycott
question
Brown v. Board of Education
answer
1945 Supreme Court ruling "separate but equal" in schools was NOT constitutional
question
Civil Disobedience
answer
Refusal to obey certain laws, demands and commands of a government
question
Civil Rights Act of 1964
answer
Made segregation illegal
question
Freedom Rides
answer
African Americans and white volunteers that traveled into the South on buses to draw attention to bus terminals
question
Integration
answer
Incorporating a racial and religious group into a community
question
Montgomery Bus Boycott
answer
Action taken to protest discrimination (segregation) on public transportation
question
Plessy v. Ferguson
answer
"Separate but equal" 1896
question
Cesar Chavez
answer
Latino American farmer that went on strike and demanded union recognition, increased wages, and better benefits
question
Betty Friedan
answer
Created NOW
question
NOW
answer
Nation Organization for Women; organization to promot feminist goals
question
Ho Chi Minh
answer
Communist leader of North Vietman
question
25th Amendment
answer
This provides for the filling of the office of VP if a vacancy occurs
question
26th Amendment
answer
Lowering the voting age from 21 to 18
question
Domino Theory
answer
The theory if one country falls to communism those around it will also fall
question
Tet Offensive
answer
Massive surprise attack; Guerrilla fighters attacked most American airbases in South Vietnam and most of the South's major cities
question
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
answer
1964 "Blank Check"; Congress authorizes President Johnson to use all necessary measures to repel armed attacks against US force in Vietnam
question
War Powers Act
answer
Way to reestablish some limits on executive power; required the president to inform Congress of any commitment of troops abroad within 48 hours and to withdraw them within 60-90 days, unless Congress approved of sending troops
question
Richard Nixon
answer
Watergate; Vietnam; Kent State
question
Henry Kissinger
answer
Nixon's Security Advisor
question
Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein
answer
Journalists who broke the Watergate story
question
Camp David Accords
answer
An agreement between Israel and Egypt to end 30 years of war in the Middle East; Cater
question
Détente
answer
A thawing of Cold War tensions during the 1970s
question
EPA
answer
Environment Protection Agency; set and enforce pollution standards, promoted research and directed antipollution activities with state and local governments
question
Inflation
answer
A sharp, widespread rise in prices
question
Iran Hostage Crisis
answer
1979; The Ayatollah Khomeini led revolution in Iran; Took 60+ Americans for 444 days
question
OPEC
answer
Founded by all exporting countries to set oil prices
question
SALT
answer
Talks between US and USSR that led to a treaty limiting the numbers and types of long range missiles each country could have; Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
question
Silent Spring
answer
1962; Book- concluded that DDT(an insecticide) was harmful; Rachel Carson
question
Three Mile Island
answer
1979;Accident; raised new questions about the safety of nuclear power
question
Watergate
answer
Scandal in which President Nixon authorized the cover up of a break in at the Democratic National (DNC) Headquarters which later led to his resignation
question
Mikhail Gorbachev
answer
Opened a new era of US-Soviet relations; dismantled the Soviet "Empire" in Eastern Europe
question
Saddam Hussein
answer
1990- Iraq dictator invaded Kuwait (for oil)
question
Sandra Day O'Conner
answer
First female Supreme Court Justice
question
Ronald Reagan
answer
Conservative Republican; won election of 1990 (beat President Carter); Best known as an actor
question
AIDS
answer
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
question
Iran-Conta Affair
answer
Secretly sold weapons to Iran in exchange for American hostages; profits were sent to the contras
question
Glasnost
answer
"Openess"; Allowed more freedom of religion and speech enabling people to discuss politics openly (USSR)
question
Perestroika
answer
"Reconstructing" of Soviet economy; Allowed some private enterprise and profit making
question
Persian Gulf War
answer
Operation Desert Storm's UN invasion led by US to force Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait
question
Reaganomics
answer
Belief that the federal budget could be balanced by cutting taxes
question
Tianamen Square
answer
1989, Chinese students and workers held demonstrations for democracy
question
Madeleine Albright
answer
First woman who served as Secretary of State
question
George H. W. Bush
answer
Republican nominated president in 1988
question
Bill Clinton
answer
Elected in 1992(reelected in 1996)-Democrat; 2nd President to be impeached~but he still fulfilled all 8 years!; Whitewater (Clinton name attached to real-estate company that committed fraud, not found guilty)
question
Hillary Clinton
answer
New York Senator; Secretary of State; Democratic presidential candidate (2008)
question
Bill Gates
answer
Founder of Microsoft
question
Brady Bill
answer
Created a 5 day waiting period for handgun purchases and background checks
question
Global Warming
answer
An increase in average world temperatures overtime
question
NAFTA
answer
Trade agreement between US, Mexico and Canada
question
World Wide Web
answer
Allows users to post information in the form of webpages and click on links to jump from website to website; internet
question
Osama Bin Laden
answer
Leader of the al-Qaeda terrorist group
question
George W. Bush
answer
Elected President in 2000; Republican; 8 months into presidency, America was attacked
question
Barrack Obama
answer
Elected President in 2008; First African American to win presidency
question
September 11,2001
answer
Terrorist attacks in New York, Washington D.C., and Pennsylvania (4 airplane hijacked)
question
War on Terror
answer
US military action to avenge acts of terrorism
question
Kim Il Sung
answer
Previous leader of North Korea
question
Kim Jong Un
answer
Death of Kim Jong-Il and took over; CURRENT LEADER OF NORTH KOREA
