American History 101 – Flashcards
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Northwest Passage
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a waterway through or around North America
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Pilgrims
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English Puritans who founded Plymouth colony in 1620
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Columbian Exchange
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The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.
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Joint Stock Company
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a business in which investors pool their wealth in order to turn a profit- Such as the Virginia Company
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Jamestown
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First permanent English settlement in North America 1607
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Indentured Servant
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Laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America
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House of Burgesses
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created in 1619, the first representative assembly in the American colonies- Virginia
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Pilgrim
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one of the colonists from England who sailed to America on the Mayflower and founded the colony of Plymouth in New England in 1620
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Mayflower Compact
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1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.
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Puritans
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a group of Anglicans in England who wanted to purify their church of Catholic ways
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Great Migration
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when more than 15,000 Puritans journeyed to Massachusetts to escape religious persecution and economic hard times
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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
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This document was the first written constitution in the American colonies.
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Backcountry
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a colonial region that ran along the Appalachian Mountains.
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Subsistence Farming
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farming in which only enough food to feed one's family is produced- the type of farming in New England
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Triangular Trade
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A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Aferica sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa
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Navigation Acts
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Laws passed by the British to control colonial trade
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Great Awakening
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a religious movement that became widespread in the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s
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Enlightenment
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movement during the 1700's that spread the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society
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Magna Carta
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This document was signed by King John in 1215. It was the first document that limited the power of the government.
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English Bill of Rights
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document that gave England a government based on a system of laws and a freely elected parliament
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Proclamation of 1763
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law forbidding english colonists to settle west of the appalachian mountains
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Quartering Act
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an act passed by the British that allowed British troops to live in the homes of the colonists
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Sons of Liberty
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Groups of colonists who organized themselves to protest against the British government.
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Boycott
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Refusal to buy or sell certain products or services used by the colonists in protest
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Boston Massacre
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The first bloodshed of the Amercan Revolution, as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five americans
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Boston Tea Party
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demonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harbor
