Algae – Microbiology – Flashcards
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| Is algae euk or prok |
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| euk |
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| how does algae make energy? |
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| oxygenic photosynthesis (contains chlorophyll) |
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| what type of microorganisms are algae? |
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| unicellular or colonial |
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| TF algae are phylogenetically homogenous |
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| F: phylogenetically heterogeneous |
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| What do chlorophyll produce? |
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| oxygen |
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| What algae is related to green plats? |
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| green and red |
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| What are distoms? |
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| brown algae |
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| What are euglenoids related to? |
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| flagellated protozoa |
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| what are dinoflagellates? |
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| related to ciliated protozoa |
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| what is cyanobacteria |
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| not euk, they used to think they were algae because they were so large, but realized that they were proks |
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| How did Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta get a chloroplast? |
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| - ate the cyano - made a food vesicle, but they cyanobacteria maintained itself - over time, the relationship became so integrated - the new one has two membranes, one from the cyanobacteria and one from the - Chloroplast has two membranes *** |
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| how did diatoms acquire a chloroplast? |
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| phagocytosis - it went into the rough ER and formed a super close relationship |
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| How did protozoa acquire chloroplasts? |
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| eaten but survives -- but done independently from the other two examples |
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| Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta: what type of cell are they? |
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| eukaryotic, unicellular, or thallophytes |
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| Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta: how do they produce energy? |
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| photosynthesis |
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| Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta: What is the primary photosynthetic pigment? |
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| chlorophyll |
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| Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta: What type of producer do they function as? |
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| primary producers - they depend on light because they capture the energy from the sun and turn it into carbohydrates |
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| Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta: which have flagella? |
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| chlorophytes |
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| Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta: what two things do they have? (protects the cell and the brain-age) |
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| cell walls and nuclei |
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| Chlorophyta & Rhodophyta: what is the structure and location of the chloroplasts? |
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| double membrane and free in the cytoplasm |
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| Chlorophyta storage products |
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| -starch inside chloroplast |
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| Rhodophyta storage product |
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| Floridean starch outside chloroplast |
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| What do you find within chloroplasts |
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| starch |
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| Where do you find chlorophyta |
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| 90% in freshwater and 10% in marine |
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| What is the major polysaccharide of the cell wall? |
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| cellulose |
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| Chlorophyta: warm climate |
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| cosmopolitan |
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| Chlorophyta: Movement is by ___ and ____ |
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| flagella and mucilage secretion |
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| Where do you find the eyespot in Chlorophyta? |
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| chloroplast (it is usually orange and undergoes phototaxis) it tells the flagella to move toward the light |
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| phototaxis |
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| movement toward the light |
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| What is one of the oldest groups of euk algae? |
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| thodophyta |
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| What cells lack flaggelation? |
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| rhodophyta |
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| Does rhodophyta have many univellular forms? |
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| no |
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| What % of rhodophyta is marine? |
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| 97 |
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| What type of rhodophyta do you find in cool-temperate places? |
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| large macroforms |
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| What type of rhodophyta do you find in tropical places? |
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| small filamentous forms |
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| what are the cell walls of rhodophyta |
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| amorphous mucilage between cellulose fibers? |
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| What are the chloroplasts of rhodophyta? |
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| usually star-shaped, some discoid |
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| What are the complimentary chromatic adaptation of rhodophyta for orange and green light? |
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| orange/red: long wavelength green light: short-wavelength pigments |
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| What allows growth at low-light levels in rhodophyta? |
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| complimentary chromatic adaptation |
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| What are diatoms? |
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| stramenopiles |
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| Are diatoms multicellular or unicellular? |
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| unicellular, sometimes colonial |
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| What are free-living photosynthetic autotrophs? ( some colorless heterotrophs) |
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| diatoms |
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| Where is the nucleus in the diatom? |
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| central in the cytoplasm |
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| Where are chloroplasts in the diatoms |
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| inside the rough ER, NOT free in the cytoplasm |
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| What is the outer cell structure of the diatoms |
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| Two -part frustule (the hard and porous cell wall or external layer of diatoms) it is like a petri dish, the girdle holds valves together |
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| What is the major component of open-water marine flora? |
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| diatoms |
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| How is the population of marine (colder water) affecting diatoms populations? |
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| higher |
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| What is a significant part of freshwater flora? |
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| diatoms |
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| What are protozoa? |
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| dinoflagellates |
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| What are an important component of plankton in marine, freshwater areas? |
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| dinoflaggelates |
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| Where are dinoflagellates more abundant? |
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| warmer waters |
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| How many species of dinoflagellates are photosynthetic? |
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| ~ 1000 of 2000 |
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| What are dinoflagellates chloroplasts like? |
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| enclosed by one membrane |
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| What is the two part shell of dinoflaggelates? |
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| epicone and hypocone |
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| What are the two flagella in dinoflagellates? |
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| transverse and longitudinal |
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| What cause death of fish and shellfish? |
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| dinoflags |
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| What are in the gills of shellfish? |
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| dinos |
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| Whate toxins accumulate in fish? |
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| dinos |
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| What cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning? |
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| dinos |
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| What causes red tides? |
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| dinos |
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| get notes for slide 26 |
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