Acids And Bases Terms – Flashcards
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| Alkaline |
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| Term used to describe when a base completely dissociates in water to yield aqueous OH ions |
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| Arrhenius acid |
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| A chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solution |
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| Arrhenius base |
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| A substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution |
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| Binary acid |
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| An acid that contains only two different elements: hydrogen and one of the more-electronegative elements |
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| Oxyacid |
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| An acid that is a compound of hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element, usually a nonmetal |
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| Strong acid |
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| Acid that ionizes completely in aqueous solution |
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| Weak acids |
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| Acids that are weak electrolytes |
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| Amphoteric |
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| Any species that can react as either an acid or a base |
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| Bronsted-Lowry acid |
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| A molecule or ion that is a proton donor |
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| Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction |
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| Protons are transferred from one reactant (the acid) to another (the base) |
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| Bronsted-Lowry base |
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| A molecule or ion that is a proton acceptor |
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| Conjugate acid |
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| The species that is formed when a Bronsted-Lowry base gains a proton |
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| Conjugate base |
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| The species that remains after a Bronsted-Lowry acid has given up a proton |
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| Diprotic acid |
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| Can donate two protons per molecule |
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| Monoprotic acid |
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| An acid that can donate only one proton (hydrogen ion) per molecule |
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| Polyprotic acid |
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| An acid that can donate more than one proton per molecule |
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| Triprotic acid |
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| An acid able to donate three protons per molecule |
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| Lewis acid |
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| An atom, ion, or molecule that accepts an electron pair to form a covalent bond |
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| Lewis acid-base reaction |
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| The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron-pair donor and an electron-pair acceptor |
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| Lewis base |
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| An atom, ion, or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond |
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| Neutralization |
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| The reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules |
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| Salt |
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| An ionic compound composed of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid |
