Abnormal Psych Final Answers – Flashcards
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The group of individuals that do not receive an active independent variable such as medication at two different levels is known as the ___ group. A. experimental B. control C. analyzed D. randomized
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b
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Critics of the Dodo Bird Effect would say that: A. There are no differences between different therapies (cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, and psychodynamic) B. All therapies work and about equally well C. No effect is found because treatments are compared across many different diagnoses rather than for a specific disorder D. None of the above
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c
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According to Dr. Jensen, why might sexual arousal in the various types of paraphilias, in part, come from? A. Learning from parents or other models around an individual B. The dangerousness of the behavior (the possibility of being caught or others not realizing what you are doing) C. There is a specific gene which makes one more sensitive to having these mental disorders D. None of the above
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b
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Because many people are conscientious, devoted to their work, organized, and perfectionistic, mental health professionals must be careful not to misdiagnose A. histrionic personality disorder. B. narcissistic personality disorder. C. obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. D. perfectionism disorder.
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c
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Process variables are therapeutic aspects that are A. common to all successful treatments. B. specific to each therapeutic relationship. C. less important during than after therapy. D. identified as goals and she moved to a client.
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a
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A client-centered therapist establishes a therapeutic environment in which a client is A. completely accepted. B. unjudged. C. both completely accepted and unjudged. D. Neither acceptance nor judgment are parts of the therapeutic environment.
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c
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Personality disorders occur in about ____ percent of the general population, the estimates are much higher among psychiatric patients. A. 5 to 10 B. 15 to 25 C. 9 to 15.7 D. 15.7 to 25
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c
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Jane has been experiencing symptoms that include extreme attempts to avoid real or imagined abandonment, impulsivity that is potentially self-damaging, anger control problems, lack of sense of self, suicidal behavior, dissociation, and chronic feelings of emptiness. She would be diagnosed with A. narcissistic personality disorder. B. histrionic personality disorder. C. borderline personality disorder. D. dependent personality disorder
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c
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In lecture, Dr. Jensen drew 3 lines on the board representing the past, present, and future. What was he trying to demonstrate? A. That his E's look like flying birds B. How the average person and an individual with ADHD are similar in terms of IQ. C. The differences in anticipation of future events for individuals with ADHD D. The pyramidic theory of ADHD.
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c
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About ____ percent of people treated for personality disorder no longer meet the criteria at follow-up. A. 42 B. 32 C. 52 D. 22
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c
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One's internal sleep-wake clock is referred to as A. circadian rhythms. B. ultradian rhythms. C. infradian rhythms. D. sleep-wake rhythms.
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a
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An episode that comprises the same symptoms as a manic episode but may not cause severe impairment in daily functioning is a A. hypermania episode. B. hypomaniac episode. C. hypermaniac episode. D. hypo-polar episode.
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b
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What did Kirsche find from his study? (The Emperor's New Drug) A. None of the participants in the no treatment group improved. B. None of the participants in the placebo group improved. C. the greater response to medication over placebo may be best explained by an enhanced placebo effect D. The antidepressant medications have no side effects.
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c
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Of the following statements about research methods, select one that is true: A. Surveys are very expensive and people do not always tell the truth. B. Causal statements can be made through surveys C. Correlations can be made through surveys. D. None of the above
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c
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Of the following, which is not part of the humanistic approach? A. Unconditional positive regard B. A directive approach C. Client-centered D. A non-directive approach
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b
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When test validity is measured it aims to determine A. if there is agreement about its purpose. B. how well it measures what it is supposed to measure. C. how consistent the scores are. D. whether it can be directly connected to treatment.
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b
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People with ____ often prefer to be around people of the opposite gender, to act like them, and insist others treat them as someone of the opposite gender, and they are uncomfortable with their own gender, believing they were born at the wrong gender. A. transsexual identity disorder B. perverted gender disorder C. mixed gender identity D. gender identity disorder
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d
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The cognitive behavioral model emphasizes that A. learning principles and conditions interact. B. cognitions always come first then behavior follows. C. each individual has a different cognitive behavioral balance. D. identifying thoughts always informs behavior.
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a
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A categorical approach to mental disorder commonly used in the United States and much of the world is the fourth edition, text revision of the A. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. B. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Symptoms. C. Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. D. Statistical Manual of Mental Symptoms.
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a
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The asylums created during the Renaissance were generally A. highly therapeutic with first rate treatment. B. lacking in treatment with poor living conditions. C. about the same as the community center punishment corridors. D. nonexistent.
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b
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When Charlie's mood does not match the context of a given situation he is in, he is considered to have A. insufficient affect. B. inappropriate affect. C. delusions. D. hallucinations.
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b
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Two people with the same level of impulsivity may show different outcomes based on levels of A. stress. B. genetic vulnerability. C. neurotransmitters. D. anxiety.
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a
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Prevention occurs before a disorder develops while ____ occurs long after a disorder has developed. A. treatment B. universality C. maintenance D. resilience
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c
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When a person is at serious risk of harming themselves or others, or cannot care for themselves, involuntary hospitalization, known as ____, may take place. A. general commitment B. civil commitment C. unstable commitment D. protective commitment
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b
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Lack of emotion, even in situations that call for great joy or sadness, is referred to as A. emotional lackness. B. flat affect. C. emotional affect. D. psychotic affect.
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b
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Psychologists should not act as psychologist and friend, lover, significant other, or business partner, meaning they should avoid A. all relationships. B. primary relationships. C. secondary relationships. D. dual relationships.
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d
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Multiple personality disorder is now called A. reassociative complexity. B. dissociative personality disorder. C. dissociative identity disorder. D. split personality disorder.
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c
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Because biological approaches still have a general ineffectiveness for treating cognitive disorders, _____ to improve a person's quality of life remains extremely important. A. interpersonal treatment B. psychological treatment C. psychosomatic treatment D. psychobiological treatment
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b
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Statistics indicate that ____ percent of college campus rapes occur when victims are too intoxicated to consent or refuse sex. A. 50 B. 72 C. 85 D. 92
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b
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The gain that many clients make due primarily to the expectation of improvement is called the A. psychosomatic effect. B. expectation rebound. C. placebo effect. D. subjective improvement effect
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c
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Psychologists who apply psychological principles to legal issues are referred to as A. developmental psychologists. B. legal psychologists. C. forensic psychologists. D. experimental/legal psychologists
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c
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Adolescent and adult females are depressed at ____ the rate of males. A. one half B. one fourth C. three times D. twice
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d
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The cerebral cortex of the brain has A. alternating areas of smooth wrinkled surfaces. B. four distinct lobe areas in each hemisphere. C. ability to perform only emotional processing. D. inner surfaces of the cerebrum.
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b
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Mental health professionals use perspectives, called models or theories, to A. discredit other professionalÆs ideas. B. understand why someone has problems. C. separate symptoms from syndromes. D. apply their own feelings to a diagnosis.
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b
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People who show features of schizophrenia for one to six months, and whose daily life functioning is not yet greatly impaired, may have A. mild schizophrenia. B. moderate schizophrenia. C. schizophreniform disorder. D. affective disorder.
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c
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People who show features of schizophrenia for one to six months, and whose daily life functioning is not yet greatly impaired, may have A. mild schizophrenia. B. moderate schizophrenia. C. schizophreniform disorder. D. affective disorder.
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c
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Andrea prefers extreme isolation and doesn't pursue any meaningful relationships. Additionally, she expresses little, if any, emotion and is not necessarily suspicious of others. This behavior indicates A. schizoid personality disorder. B. paranoid personality disorder. C. withdrawn personality disorder. D. normal, non-deviant behavior.
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a
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The man, from the video we watched in lecture, had been to jail twice and kicked down his wife's door scaring her and their kids. Which disorder did he present with? A. Schizoid Personality Disorder B. Schizotypal Personality Disorder C. Antisocial Personality Disorder D. None of the above
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c
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The father of modern medicine who believed the brain was the central organ of the body and a cause of abnormal behavior is: A. Plato. B. Hippocrates. C. Socrates. D. Bhutto.
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b
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Asperger's disorder is sometimes referred to as A. "low functioning autism." B. "moderate functioning autism." C. "high functioning autism." D. "functionally adaptive autism."
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c
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People with specific pain symptoms that cannot be explained medically may be diagnosed with A. conversion disorder. B. some meditation disorder. C. body dysmorphic disorder. D. pain disorder.
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d
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People who regularly experience uncued panic attacks have A. panic disorder. B. panic attack disorder. C. anxiety attacks. D. anxiety attack disorder.
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a
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This intervention is a period of time in which the therapist will give direction that the couple should not have sexual intercourse for a period of time and spend more time getting to know each other. So, the couple will begin at simple things and work more at sexual activity. This type of intervention in the treatment of sexual dysfunction is called: A. Communication training B. Stop and squeeze method C. Sensate focus D. None of the above
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c
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Of the following, choose a statement that is NOT TRUE about empirically-supported treatments: A. Probably efficacious treatments show promise, but have not met criteria for a well-established treatment B. Well-established treatment criteria includes randomized control trials C. At least two of the studies have to be done by completely different research groups. D. A single empirically-supported treatment aims to treat multiple disorders
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d
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A key aspect of the psychodynamic perspective is unconscious motivation, which refers to: A. use of defense mechanisms to control anxiety or stress. B. hidden realms of emotion, thought, and behavior may drive us to act in a certain way. C. the idea that everything we do has meaning and purpose and is goal-directed. D. the concept that the id propels us to meet basic demands such as hunger.
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b
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The wife, from the video in lecture, has an opinion about cancer and Alzheimer's. Select the statement that is true: A. There is no hope with cancer and there is hope with Alzheimer's B. There is hope with cancer, but with Alzheimer's a person deteriorates day-by-day. C. There is hope with cancer and Alzheimer's D. None of the above
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b
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Anxiety about being in places where panic attack may occur, especially places where escape might be difficult, is known as A. situational anxiety. B. agoraphobia. C. panic disorder. D. social phobia.
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b
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Statistically, an alarming ____ percent of Americans age 12 and older currently use alcohol. A. 28.4 B. 50.3 C. 39.5 D. 25.5
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b
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Psychologists are expected to end treatment when the client is clearly A. unable to pay or becomes disinterested. B. not benefiting or being harmed by the treatment. C. a better candidate for medication. D. not anticipating any change.
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b
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What diagnosis has symptoms that include: insidious onset, often progressive course that is not usually reversible, clear consciousness until late stages, poor memory, possible visual or auditory hallucinations, and often fixed paranoid delusions? A. delirium B. dementia C. depression D. schizophrenia
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b
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Dr. Jensen's example on admittance to a University based on having a shoe size of 12, is: A. Not a reliable measure, but is a valid measure. B. Not a valid measure, but is a reliable measure. C. Neither a reliable nor a valid measure. D. Both a reliable and a valid measure.
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b
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An unusual need to use objects to enhance or begin sexual arousal is called A. fetishism. b. pedophilia. B. frotteurism. C. fanaticism.
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a
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According to the "bucket theory" presented by Dr. Jensen; select a statement that is true: A. The water in this demonstration represents stress. B. Having a smaller "bucket" (cup) may mean having a greater disposition to the problem. C. When the cup overflows with water, the stress was too great which, in turn, may lead to symptoms particular to a disorder. D. All of the Above
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d
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Acting professionally toward others is referred to as A. fidelity and responsibility. B. beneficence and nonmaleficence. C. integrity. D. justice
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a
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All of the following are true about treatments, except: A. Benzodiazephines reduces GAD in the short-term; if medications are discontinued, symptoms often return. B. Exposure outplaces any other treatment for anxiety disorders. C. If GAD is treated with CBT, symptoms also often return when therapy ends. D. OCD is often treated by exposure with response prevention.
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c
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A lack of fantasies or desire to have sexual relations would be diagnosed as A. sexual perversion disorder. B. hypoactive sexual desire disorder. C. hyperactive desire disorder. D. sexual arousal disorder.
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b
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To be diagnosed with mental retardation a person must have A. significantly subaverage intelligence. B. deficits in impairment are present in adaptive functioning. C. onset of the disorder before age 18. D. all of the above must be present for a mental retardation diagnosis.
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d
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Educating a person about the three components of anxiety and how these components relate to them is A. psychoanalysis. B. psychobiology. C. psychoeducation. D. psychosomatic.
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c
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The lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder is ____ percent. A. 6.16 B. 1.66 C. 16.6 D. 61.6
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c
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A person with a somatoform disorder experiences A. physical symptoms with a physical cause. B. psychological symptoms with a physical cause. C. psychological symptoms without a physical cause. D. physical symptoms without a physical cause.
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d
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Which of the following involves cutting a hole in a person's skull to help release a harmful spirit? A. exorcism. B. excision. C. trephination. D. tumorization.
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c
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There are three distinct subtypes of schizophrenia and one subtype that can be considered a ?catch-all? or un-patterns collection of symptoms. This fourth subtype is known as A. unorganized schizophrenia. B. none specific schizophrenia. C. non-patterned schizophrenia. D. undifferentiated schizophrenia.
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d
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The father of psychiatric classification and a major contributor to the biological model was A. Emile Durkheim. B. Emil Kraepelin. C. Philippe Pinel. D. Clifford Beers.
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b
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One form of cognitive behavioral treatment that is quite useful for people with borderline personality disorder is A. short-term psychodynamic therapy. B. cognitive behavioral therapy. C. psychoanalysis. D. dialectical behavior therapy.
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d
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Diatheses are often A. genetic. B. psychological. C. biological. D. all of the above are forms of diatheses
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d
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The three main criteria for PTSD are: A. difficulty controlling worry, numbing, avoidance B. reexperience, avoidance, numbing C. reexperience, increased arousal, difficulty controlling worry D. reexperience, avoidance, increased arousal
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d
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A disorder similar to autism in which people do not generally have major deficits in language, cognitive development, adaptive functioning, or curiosity about the environment is A. Asburger's disorder. B. Asperger's disorder. C. autism. D. RettÆs disorder.
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b
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Clark avoids jobs in situations that require significant interpersonal contact with others. Coworkers and acquaintances see him as being shy. He is afraid of being embarrassed or rejected by others. If he were to be diagnosed, what would his diagnosis be? A. dependent personality disorder B. narcissistic personality disorder C. avoidant personality disorder D. histrionic personality disorder
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c
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Select a statement that is false about antipsychotic medication. A. May decrease disorganized speech, flat affect, and delusions B. May decrease hallucinations, sexual drive, and catatonia C. Tend to not see an overall effect on negative symptoms. D. none of the above
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a
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Individuals without advanced degrees who conduct assessment and intervention with people with mental disorders under the supervision of a mental health professional are referred to as A. quasi-professionals. B. sub-professionals. C. paraprofessionals. D. mental health assistants.
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c
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Of the following, select the statement that is false about Parkinson's Disease: A. It is characterized by tremors or rigid movements B. It is the second most common neurodegenerative disorders C. A series of circumscribed cerebral infarcts destroy neurons over expanding brain regions. D. The primary cause of Parkinson's is the loss of dopamine
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c
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Which of the following is NOT one of the key categories of symptoms for diagnosing autism? A. qualitative impairment in social interaction. B. qualitative impairment in communication. C. qualitative impairment in adaptive skills. D. restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interest, and activities.
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c
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The most common perceptual distortion or unreal experience of perception for schizophrenia, is in the ____ area. A. gustatory B. olfactory C. tactile D. auditory
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d
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From the case studies we read in lecture last Thursday, we can conclude from them that, Peter should be diagnosed with_________, & Janet should be diagnosed with_________. A. Specific Phobia; Social Phobia & Panic Disorder without Agoraphobia B. OCD; Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia C. Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia & Social Phobia; OCD D. Social Phobia; Agoraphobia
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c
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The model of mental health and mental disorders that is consistent with a continuum approach is the A. diathesis-biological model. B. psychosocial model. C. medical model. D. diathesis-stress model.
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d
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A cognitive therapist would help a client with hypochondriasis A. discuss evidence for and against the disease belief. B. assess realistic probabilities for certain physical symptom. C. understand that a 100% certainty of knowing one is not ill is never possible. D. all of these would be used by a cognitive therapist
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d
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Delirium is a disorder that can affect anyone because the problem can result from various medical conditions, substances, and other variables. With age, the prevalence of delirium A. remains the same. B. decreases. C. increases. D. is unknown.
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c
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Someone suffering from and diagnosed with both schizophrenia and depression qualifies for a diagnosis of A. schizoaffective disorder B. manic-depression C. bipolar disorder D. severe mood disorder
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a
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Persons who have little interest in establishing or maintaining relationships with others and show little emotional expression may have A. dependent personality disorder. B. borderline personality disorder. C. antisocial personality disorder. D. schizoid personality disorder.
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d
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Terrance refuses to leave home due to the belief that there are too many free radicals which are specifically aiming to harm him and his complexion. He works from home, has all of his food and other needs delivered to him, and communicates on a regular basis with friends and family. The above illustrates the problem with the difficulties-adapting -to-life-demands criteria because people A. engage in behaviors that harm others from birth. B. engage in behaviors to become self-actualizing. C. engage in behaviors that are normal in other cultures than their own. D. engage in odd behaviors that do not interfere with their daily functioning.
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d
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In the 1970s, the quick-fix treatment for ADHD involving dietary sugar and limitations on additives was found to be A. quite effective. B. moderately effective. C. somewhat effective. D. ineffective.
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d
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_______ cause feelings of energy, happiness, a decreased desire for sleep, and diminished appetite. An example of this type of substance is ___________. A. Opiates; amphetamine B. Stimulants; heroin C. Opiates; morphine D. Stimulants; Ritalin
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d
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Beyond academic credentials, a clinical psychologist must have ____ to practice independently. A. a 2 year internship B. a 3 mentor endorsement C. a state licensing board certification D. a federal board certification
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c
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Sally begins to yell at her therapist in the same manner that she did to her father when she was a child. Psychodynamic therapy would explain this behavior as A. projection. B. transference. C. analysis. D. manifestation.
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b
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Otto displays a pervasive and extreme need to be taken care of, which leads to a clinging to submissiveness and separation anxiety. Otto seems to have a(n) ____ personality disorder. A. dependent B. avoidant C. overconfident D. anxious-high need
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a
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In one of the videos from lecture, there was a schizophrenic man who kept twirling his hair. What was another symptom he presented with? A. disorganized speech, paranoia, delusions B. auditory hallucinations, waxy flexibility C. echolalia, prominent grimaces, flat affect D. none of the above
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a
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A form of dementia caused by problems with blood vessels that supply the brain with oxygen and other nutrients is A. blood vessel dementia. B. anoxia dementia. C. hypoxia dementia. D. vascular dementia.
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d
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Jan has episodes of hypomania that alternate with episodes of major depression. She is most likely experiencing A. bipolar I disorder. B. bipolar II disorder. C. bipolar III disorder. D. manic depressive disorder type I.
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b
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When people have a glass of wine to relax, smoke a cigarette to unwind, or snort a line of cocaine to enhance mood, it clearly indicates how ____ can trigger substance use. A. alcohol B. stress C. nicotine D. caffeine
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b
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Which of the following is most associated with depression: A. difficulty sleeping B. Loss of appetite C. Loss of hope D. Suicidal thoughts
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c
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Axis I indicates A. major psychological disorders. B. personality disorders and mental retardation. C. current medical conditions. D. psychosocial and environmental problems.
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a
