Pathophysiology Ch 3 – Flashcards
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When the immune system reacts appropriately to an antigen and homeostasis is maintained, this is termed
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immunocompetence.
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The acquired immunity that results when a person has a disease is
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active.
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Immunoglobulins that provide the ability to recognize foreign organisms stimulating the antigen-antibody reaction are called
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B-cells.
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The group of diseases that occur when antibodies develop and begin to destroy the body's own cells is
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autoimmune diseases.
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Decreased gastric production of hydrochloric acid and the resulting shortage of the intrinsic factor cause
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pernicious anemia.
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A patient with a platelet deficiency and the inability of blood to clot has
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idiopathic thrombocytopenic anemia.
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An autoimmune condition in which erythrocytes (RBCs) are destroyed by antibodies, causing the patient to experience fatigue, chills, fever, dyspnea, and jaundice, is
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autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
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Symptoms of fever, joint pain, malaise, weight loss, and the characteristic butterfly rash are indications of
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systemic lupus erythematosus.
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The systemic disease that usually begins with joint inflammation and edema of the synovial membranes surrounding the joint is
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rheumatoid arthritis.
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The primary treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is
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reduction of inflammation and pain, preservation of joint function and prevention of joint deformity.
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The inflammatory disease of the CNS that attacks the myelin sheath is
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multiple sclerosis.
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A chronic, progressive neuromuscular disease that is characterized by extreme muscular weakness (generally appearing first in the face) and progressive fatigue is
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myasthenia gravis.
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T-cell lymphocytes are produced in the
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thymus gland.
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A history of repeated chronic infections due to an acquired B-cell deficiency and decreased antibody production and/or function is usually indicative of
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common variable immunodeficiency disease (CVID).
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The most common form of immunodeficiency is
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selective immunoglobulin A deficiency disease.
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A chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease of the skin that is characterized by hardening and shrinking of the skin is
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systemic scleroderma.
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Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) is the drug of choice for treatment of
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myasthenia gravis.
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_____ is a systemic, usually progressive inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spinal column.
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Ankylosing spondylitis
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A child in the emergency room with multiple bruising of unknown cause and thrombocytopenia may be exhibiting signs of
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idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
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With proper therapy the prognosis for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is
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generally good.
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Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) refers to a group of disorders characterized by persistent and recurrent candidal (fungal) infection of
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skin, nails and mucous membrane.
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Immunodeficiency diseases that affect only males include
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X-linked agammaglobulinemia and Wiskott-Aldrich's syndrome.
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When an individual reports a known HIV exposure through unprotected sexual contact or an accidental puncture with a contaminated needle,
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immediate medical care should be arranged.
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Some types and functions of T-cells in the body's immune system include
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cytotoxic T cells that destroy virus and tumor cells and helper T cells that stimulate B cells to produce antibodies. In addition suppressor T cells that moderate the immune response
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Is the following statement about the chronic illness called polymyositis true or false?
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The muscles affected are mostly those closest to the trunk or torso.
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Is the following statement about the chronic illness called polymyositis true or false?
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The disease mostly affects the spinal column.
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Is the following statement about the chronic illness called polymyositis true or false?
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It is an inflammatory disease of the CNS.
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Is the following statement about the chronic illness called polymyositis true or false?
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The disease is also called lupus.
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Prevention measures for HIV infection relate directly to avoiding risk factors such as hugging, touching, and handshaking.
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True or False
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HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact and through contaminated blood and blood products.
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True or False
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Autoimmune diseases occur only in the blood and lymphatic systems.
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True or False
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Side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) include GI ulceration and bleeding, blood dyscrasias, tinnitus, rash, hypersensitivity reactions, and liver toxicity.
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True or False
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All patients with HIV will develop full-blown AIDS.
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True or False
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Injections of vitamin B12, which must be continued for life, are the primary treatment for pernicious anemia.
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True or False
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There are no cures for connective tissue diseases, and treatment is only palliative.
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True or False
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Autoimmune diseases occur when autoantibodies develop and begin to destroy the body's own cells.
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True or False
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Tolerance to self-antigens is believed to commence during fetal life.
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True or False
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Opportunistic infections can emerge as a result of deficiencies of the immune system.
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True or False
