Question 1

psychotherapy:

Accepted Answer

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

Question 2

biomedical therapy:

Accepted Answer

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person\'s physiology.

Question 3

eclectic approach:

Accepted Answer

an approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

Question 4

psychoanalysis:

Accepted Answer

(1) Freud\'s theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. (2) Freud\'s therapeutic technique used in treating psychological disorders. Freud believed the patient\'s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferencesâand the therapist\'s interpretations of themâreleased previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

Question 5

resistance:

Accepted Answer

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

Question 6

interpretation:

Accepted Answer

in psychoanalysis, the analyst\'s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

Question 7

transference:

Accepted Answer

in psychoanalysis, the patient\'s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

Question 8

psychodynamic therapy:

Accepted Answer

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight.

Question 9

insight therapies:

Accepted Answer

a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person\'s awareness of underlying motives and defenses

Question 10

client-centered therapy: (Also called person-centered therapy.)

Accepted Answer

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients\' growth.

Question 11

active listening:

Accepted Answer

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers\' client-centered therapy.

Question 12

unconditional positive regard:

Accepted Answer

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

Question 13

behavior therapy:

Accepted Answer

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

Question 14

counterconditioning:

Accepted Answer

behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

Question 15

exposure therapies:

Accepted Answer

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.

Question 16

systematic desensitization:

Accepted Answer

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

Question 17

virtual reality exposure therapy:

Accepted Answer

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

Question 18

aversive conditioning:

Accepted Answer

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

Question 19

token economy:

Accepted Answer

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange their tokens for various privileges or treats.

Question 20

cognitive therapy:

Accepted Answer

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

Question 21

cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT):

Accepted Answer

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

Question 22

group therapy:

Accepted Answer

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction

Question 23

family therapy:

Accepted Answer

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual\'s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.

Question 24

evidence-based practice:

Accepted Answer

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences

Question 25

therapeutic alliance:

Accepted Answer

a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client\'s problem.

Question 26

_____ is the process of prescribing medication or procedures that act directly on the person\'s physiology.

Accepted Answer

Biomedical therapy

Question 27

Humanistic therapies differ from psychodynamic therapies in many ways, including that they:

Accepted Answer

help clients to grow in self-awareness.

Question 28

Which cognitive therapist sought to reverse clients\' negativity about themselves through gentle questioning?

Accepted Answer

Aaron Beck

Question 29

_____ are therapists who specialize in problems arising from family relations.

Accepted Answer

counselors

Question 30

In psychoanalysis, _____ is the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

Accepted Answer

resistance

Question 31

_____is a behavior therapy commonly used to treat phobias.

Accepted Answer

systematic desensitization

Question 32

More than 100 million Americans belong to small _____ groups that meet regularly.

Accepted Answer

religious, interest, and self-help

Question 33

Because she mistakenly believes the lucky charm she bought will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This BEST illustrates:

Accepted Answer

the placebo effect.

Question 34

At her weekly therapy session, Nia became agitated at her therapist, saying that he was controlling and domineering, just like her father. Nia\'s behavior illustrates _____.

Accepted Answer

transference

Question 35

If you want to improve communication in your own relationships, these three Rogers-inspired hints may help.

Accepted Answer

paraphrase, invite clarification, and reflect feelings

Question 36

While _____ focused on revealing the absurdity of people\'s self-defeating ideas through a more confrontational approach, _____ sought to reverse people\'s catastrophizing beliefs about themselves through the use of gentle questioning.

Accepted Answer

Albert Ellis; Aaron Beck

Question 37

The CEO of a large corporation is considering the benefits her firm will offer employees. If she offers employees effective treatment for psychological problems, chances are good that medical costs will:

Accepted Answer

decrease.

Question 38

Stefanie meets with her therapist once a week to talk about her marriage and her relationship with her parents. In addition to helping Stefanie gain insight into these relationships, Stefanie\'s therapist prescribes medication. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

an eclectic approach.

Question 39

Chelsea\'s therapist uses active listening within an empathic environment. Her therapist is MOST likely practicing:

Accepted Answer

client-centered therapy.

Question 40

Family therapists view the family as a:

Accepted Answer

system.

Question 41

\"I think my problem is an overactive superego!\" This kind of proclamation is likely to come from someone who has received:

Accepted Answer

psychoanalysis.

Question 42

Jolie tells her friend, \"I think my problem is an overactive superego!\" Jolie\'s proclamation indicates that she has received _____ therapy.

Accepted Answer

psychoanalytic

Question 43

This therapy assumes that no person is an island, and that people live and grow in relation to others, especially their families.

Accepted Answer

family therapy

Question 44

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family\'s backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist\'s approach to helping Rebecca BEST illustrates:

Accepted Answer

exposure therapy.

Question 45

For a person recovering from alcohol use disorder, Alcoholics Anonymous may be beneficial because the group meetings:

Accepted Answer

reduce isolation.

Question 46

Marjorie is experiencing frequent and intense conflict with her teenage daughter. Marjorie should arrange for them to participate in _____ therapy.

Accepted Answer

family

Question 47

When patients in psychoanalysis begin to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred, and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have had or have, they are experiencing:

Accepted Answer

transference.

Question 48

Marya\'s therapist is nondirective and refers to her as a client. Marya\'s therapist is operating from a _____ perspective.

Accepted Answer

humanistic

Question 49

_____ therapy is based on the premise that people unconsciously avoid issues that are painful.

Accepted Answer

psychodynamic

Question 50

Shania sees a cognitive therapist for depression. Shania\'s therapist has explained to her that cognitive therapy is very effective for depression because it addresses:

Accepted Answer

the relationship between thoughts and feelings.

Question 51

During a psychoanalytic therapy session, Max focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering him. The therapist tells Max to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Max\'s therapist is using a technique known as _____.

Accepted Answer

free association

Question 52

To help Tom reduce his fear of flying, a therapist first encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist\'s technique BEST illustrates:

Accepted Answer

systematic desensitization.

Question 53

Patrick suffers from depression. To address Patrick\'s depression, his therapist is attempting to teach him more adaptive ways of thinking. The therapist\'s approach is most representative of

Accepted Answer

cognitive

15.1 Introduction to Therapy and the Psychological Therapies – Flashcards

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