Psych Study Guide Chapter 11, 14, 15 – Flashcards
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Refers to one's biological state of being male or female
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sex
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Refers to the psychological and sociocultural meanings added to the biological state of being male or female
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gender
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Eva Marie has learned that society expects girls to play with dolls rather than trucks. This means she understands her
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gender role
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The female gonads are the _____ the males gonads are ____
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ovaries ; testes
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Your self-identification as either a man or woman is called your
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gender identification
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The belief that children actively create internal rules about appropriate gender behavior is consistent with
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gender schema theory
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A person who is erotically attracted to members of the same sex is called
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homosexual
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An individual who engages in both heterosexual and homosexual relations is referred to as
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bisexual
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A combination of both "male" and "female" personality traits is called
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androgyny
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Masters and Johnson researched the ____ aspects of human sexuality
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physiological
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In early therapy of abnormal behavior, _____ was used to allow evil spirits to escape, while _____ was designed to make the body so uncomfortable it would be uninhabitable to the devil
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trephining; exorcism
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The ____ assumes that abnormal behavior is due to physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and possibly cured
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medical model
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The purpose of the DSM 5 is to provide
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descriptions of disorders
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This is the current term for serious mental disorders characterized by a loss of contact with reality and extreme mental disruptions
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Psychosis
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_____ is a legal term for people with a mental disorder that implies a lack of responsibility for their behavior and an inability to manage their affairs
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insanity
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The occurrence of two or more disorders in the same person at the same time is
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comorbidity
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anxiety disorders are
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characterized by unrealistic, irrational fear
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anxiety is experienced by nearly everyone and is not a mental disorder unless
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its chronic intensity disrupts your life
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a depressive disorder is BEST characterized by
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a set of distressing, disabling cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. (psychological disorder)
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a major difference between a depressive disorder and bipolar disorder is that only in bipolar disorder do people have
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manic episodes
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when a depression is lifting from a person who has been suicidal in the past
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the risk of suicide increases
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if you suspect a friend might be considering suicide, what should you do?
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talk to them about it, tell others
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a disorder that is characterized by severely disturbed perception, language, thought, emotion, and behavior is
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schizophrenia
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sensation and perception in schizophrenia is
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either blunted or excessive
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a _____ is a combination of words and phrases into incomprehensible sentences
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word salad
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egocentrism, lack of conscience, disregard for the rights of others, impulsive behavior, lack of remorse/guilt, and charisma are characteristic of someone ______
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antisocial personality disorder
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This disorder is characterized by impulsivity, hypersexuality, and instability of mood, relationships, and self-image
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borderline personality disorder
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which of the following is NOT a myth about psychotherapy identified in your text?
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All of the above are myths
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The system of psychotherapy developed by Freud that seeks to bring unconscious conflicts into conscious awareness is known as
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psychoanalysis
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in psychoanalysis, free association refers to
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reporting whatever comes to mind without monitoring its contents
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cognitive therapists assume that the problem behaviors and emotions are caused by _____
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faulty thought processes and beliefs
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cognitive therapy alters _____, the things people say to themselves when they interpret events
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self-talk
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______ is Ellis's approach to therapy
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Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
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In Ellis's REBT, the letters ABC represent
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A- activating event, B- persons belief system, C- consequences
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Ioana believes she has the ugliest face in the world because of a small mole on her nose. According to Beck, her frequent depression is related to the maladaptive thought pattern called _____
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magnification
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The belief that humans have personal freedom to make choices and that they are responsible for the choices they make characterizes the _____ approach to therapy
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humanistic
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an insightful awareness and ability to share another person's inner experience is called ______
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empathy
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____ treats the family as a unit, and members work together to solve problems
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family therapy
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____ therapy uses techniques based on learning principles to change maladaptive behavior
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behavior
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the main focus of behavior therapy is to increase _____ and decrease _____
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adaptive behaviors; maladaptive behaviors
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antabuse works to decrease alcohol consumption because the nausea it induces when alcohol is ingested becomes associated with the alcohol. This is an example of ______
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aversion therapy
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What would a behavior therapist tell a snake-phobic client using systematic desensitization to do if he/she were to begin experiencing anxiety while visualizing a snake through the window?
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Repeat his relaxation technique until his anxiety diminishes
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A token is a(n) _____ that is used to shape desirable behaviors to people in inpatient treatment facilities
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reinforce to be ashed in for sometype of reward
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the use of physiological interventions such as drugs, ECT, or psychosurgery to reduce the symptoms of psychological disorder is called
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biomedical therapy
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prozac and similar drugs work to reduce depression by
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blocking re-uptake of serotonin
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a biomedical treatment that is based on passing an electrical current through the brain is called
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Electroconvulsive therapy
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an operative procedure on the brain that is designed to relieve severe mental symptoms that have not responded to other forms of treatment is called ______
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psychosurgery
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this is an outdated brain operation in which nerve pathways between the frontal lobe and the thalamus and hypothalamus are cut, in hopes of treating psychological disorders
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lobotomy
