Final Forensic Psychology Study Guide – Flashcards
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Ibn-Tamas Cases
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first battered woman syndrome case.
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Essay: 3 phases of BWS
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1. Tension building - arguments and minor incidents, emotion builds. 2. Acute battery - multiple incidents of much more violent beatings. 3. Contrition - lots of regret and remorse of batterer, apologizes and the batterer forgives.
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Essay: different characteristics of battered women
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high anxiety, denial, poor self image, shame, make excuses, hyper-vigilance, tend to walk on egg shells.
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different traits of batterers
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control issues, borderline personality, jealousy try to control, fear of abandonment, impulsive, abuse drugs.
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self-defense standards to be shown for battered women who kill batterers
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1. imminent danger 2. equal/ proportional force 3. no other way out
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How jurors view BWS
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it isn't viewed as a disorder, don't understand why they just don't leave.
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2 stages of RapeTraumaSyndrome
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1. Acute crisis - depression, insomnia, physical symptoms, loss appetite tremors, nightmares, shame, Stage 1 or RTS 2. Reorganization - not about getting over the rape, but coping with the rape and what happened, Stage 2 of RTS
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different characteristics of RTS women
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higher divorce, unemployment, loss of safety and control, anxiety.
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advantages of advocating PTSD rather than BWS or RTS
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PTSD is an acknowledged illness, and would be much more credible.
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What is automatism
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sleep walking, i didn't realize what i was doing with the murder took place.
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essay: what is Munchausen syndrome by proxy
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Where mother brings harm to children for attention, doctors can try to take child away from the family member to see if they get better to prove this.
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focus of juvenile courts
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rehabilitate juveniles
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sig of the re Gault case?
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same rights as that adult, they have right to attorney and to remian silent.
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Kent V US
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special crimes for those who are juveniles.
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steps in processing a juvenile in court
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1. law enforcement contact 2. intake 3. hearing, are juvenile or not, and treatment
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what are status offenses for juvenile
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curfew violations, truency in school
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risk factors for juvenile delinquency
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repeat offenders, association, family issues, school issues, personality factors (disorder)
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what are protective for juvenile delinquency
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keep busy and involved in school activities, parents involved in life, intellegence
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role of forensic psychologist in juvy court
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determine competency, involved in rehabilitation process, evaluate if they are amendable to treatment.
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What considerations do judges take into account when sentencing an offender
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seriousness of crime, history of crime, internal (mental) vs external (environment) causes.
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What are sentencing guidelines and when did they take effect
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determination of jail time on seriousness of offense, sentencing reform act in 1984
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Distinguish between jails, prisons, and supermax prisons.
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jail - short term prison - long term federal - breaking federal law supermax - serious violent
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What are the goals of imprisonment?
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retribution (pay for crime), rehabilitation, incapacitate, and deterrence (general - for population, specific, for that person)
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Essay: Describe evolution of prisons and prison rights.
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Began as public shaming in colonial America. Then graduated to thief a fine and second time a higher fine or lashes, incarceration during post rev war, in 1800s rehabilitated, 1900s therapeutic approach, 1970s anti prison movements, 1980s tough on crime more incarcerations, 2000s rape elimation
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Which country has the largest incarcerated population? Which state?
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US, Texas
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What is the 3 strikes law
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three times based on felony
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What are characteristics of many prisoners
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unstable environments, underprivileged, substance abuse issues
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Are there racial disparities in prisons? Gender?
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yes, AA highest incarceration rate, men are 93% higher than women.
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What is prisonization?
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have to learn to value the rules, values, norms, and language of prison.
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Describe the harshness of prison life
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seperation from outside world, nor decision making power, no privacy, violence, gangs, drugs, monotonous.
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Essay: Does prison work? Explain.
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67% of convicts will be re-arrested within three years. its very expensive, crime rates are not falling, individual is away from society. incapacitates but perhaps does not really rehabilitates.
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What are alternatives to prison?
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house arrest, restitution (pay volunteer), probation, halfway house
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How many states have the death penalty
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35
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What is the percentage of offenders that are executed
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less than 1%
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What is aggravated murder
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murder during a felony, of child, or group of people, murder for higher, treason
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What are the 2 phases of capital murder proceedings
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1. gulity phase - are or not 2. penalty phase - sentencing life, parole, or death.
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What was the significance of Gregg v. Georgia
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guided discretion where there are to phases to capital murder
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Atkins v Virginia
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prohibits mentally challenged to not be exectuded
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ring v Arizona
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only jury can make decision regarding capital punishment not judge
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roper v Simmons
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prohibits execution of juveniles
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What are aggravating factors
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financial gain, more likely to get death
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mitigation factor
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support life sentence, there was a reason, abused woman
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black codes
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laws against African americans, that made crimes of black worse than women even if it was the same as white
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What is the best predictor of death penalty
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race and victim
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Essay: Is the death penalty an effective deterrent to murder
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no, states effectively using lots of death pentalty have higher rates of murder rate. its does not suppress the murder rate. weakens inhibition, and sesitize individuals to killing. burtization effect inhibits and desintize to killing. criminal doesnt think of consequences of murder, especially if it is a crime of passion, anger, under influence, think they wont get caught. if you just commited sever crime woudl you rather life or death, many would rather death, so it may not be a detterance.
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What are causes of error in death penalty cases
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unclear instruction to jury, incompetent attorneys, problem with evidence.
