Unit 13 Pest Control – Flashcards
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Six legged animal
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Insect
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A living organism that carries or transmits a disease organism
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Vector
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A single farmer in 1850 could feed how many people?
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4
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A single farmer can now provide food and fiber for how many people?
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144-155
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Name two pest that have significantly affected history?
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Mosquitos - Malaria Boll Weevil - Potato Blight
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What is a plant called when it is growing out of place?
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Weed
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How long do annuals, biennials, and perennials live?
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1, 2, and more than two years
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Name two ways that perennials reproduce vegetatively
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Rhizomes & stolons
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What is a plant that causes great harm to other organisms by weakening those around it
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Noxious weed
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Name 4 reasons why weeds are undesirable
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1. Compete for water, nutrients, light, and space 2. Decrease crop quality 3. Reduce the Aesthetic value 4. Harbor disease and insects
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What is the stage of growth between molts in gradual metamorphosis?
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Instars
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Name two types of mouth parts on insects
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Sucking and chewing
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Name three ways that insects can cause economic loss
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Feeding on crops, vectoring diseases, painful stings or bites, and nuisance pests
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Crop losses plus cost of control of non-native insects totals how much?
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$137 billion
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Explain the two types of metamorphosis?
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Complete: Egg, larva, pupa, adult Gradual: Egg, nymph, adult
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What is the visible change to a host caused by a disease?
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Symptom
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Name two examples of abiotic diseases?
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Nutrient deficiencies, salt damage, air pollution, chemical damage, moisture and temperature extremes
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Name the three parts of the disease triangle
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Pathogen, host, environment
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Name the four living organisms that cause biotic diseases
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Fungi, bacteria, virus, nematodes
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What biotic organism can change the DNA of a host?
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Virus
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What is the principle cause of plant diseases?
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Fungus
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What cause of plant diseases is a one-celled microscopic plant.
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Bacteria
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What are tiny roundworms that are a cause of diseases
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Nematodes
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The point where pest damage is great enough to justify the cost of additional pest-control measures
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Economic threshold level
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What was the name of the book published in 1962 that made the public aware of the environmental pollution cause by pesticide overuse?
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Silent Spring
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What does IPM stand for?
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Integrated pest management
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In the early days of chemical control why was it so popular?
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Excellent results with low costs
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A person who monitors the presence or absence of a pest, the amount of damage, and stage of development
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Crop Scout
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A pest that occurs on a regular basis for a given crop
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Key Pest
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What is it called when a pest bounces back after developing a resistance?
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Resurgence
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The isolation of pest infested material
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Quarantine
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The total removal or destruction of a pest
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Eradication
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A chemical secreted by an organism to cause a specific reaction by another organism
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Pheromone
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A plant developed by humans that is distinguished from a natural variety
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Cultivar
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Ability of a pest to tolerate a lethal level of a pesticide
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Pesticide resistance
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Laws created to prevent the spread of known pests
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Regulatory control
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Developing a cultivar that wards off certain pests
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Host resistance
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Introducing a predator organism feeds on a weaker pest to reduce pest populations
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Biologoical control
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Changing the environment by using agricultural practices such as soil tillage, crop rotation, adjustment of planting and harvest dates
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cultural control
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Examples of this type of control include steam sterilization, light traps, cold storage, and hand removal
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Physical and mechanical control
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What pesticide kills army worms?
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Insecticides
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What pesticide kills foot rot?
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Fungicides
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What pesticide kills giant foxtail?
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Herbicides
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What pesticide kills Norway rats?
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Rodenticides
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What pesticide kills mites?
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Acaricide
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How many growing degree days would there be if the high was 80 and the low was 60?
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(80+60)/2 -50 = 20 growing degree days.
