Quiz 5/6/7 – Flashcards
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Performance management consists of all of the following distinct components except
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low involvement of subordinates in developing the system
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A technique that allows researchers to code various characteristics and determine which weighed most heavily in decision making is called ______.
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policy capturing
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Psychometric training involves
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making the raters aware of common rating distortions
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Research indicates that the relationships among the different types of performance measures are
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weak
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Which of the following types of performance ratings is least likely to provide useful information when measuring performance?
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trait
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When a rater avoids choosing an extreme score, _____ error may occur
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central tendency
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An employee is asked to create a spreadsheet to compile revenue projections for the up-coming year. A manager then reviews the quality of the spreadsheet. This is an example of a(n) ______ performance measure.
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hands-on
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One solution for the problem of conflicting stakeholder goals is to
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use multiple performance evaluation systems, each for a different purpose
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Which of the following frame-of-reference training steps is incorrect
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Asking raters to practice making different types of rating errors
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Collectivist cultures such as China tend to be higher in _____ than individualistic cultures like the U.S.
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modesty bias
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Sales volume, customer complaints, and output data are examples of
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objective measures
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To implement 360 degree feedback effectively, all of the following guidelines are useful except
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make sure to provide names of sources for further feedback.
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Negative feedback that is directed toward personal characteristics rather than job-related behaviors is called ______.
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destructive criticism
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An employee who recently received a performance evaluation feels that the respectfulness and personal tone of the communications surrounding his evaluation were improper. Which type of justice is this worker referring to?
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interpersonal
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All of the following are examples of performance rating formats except
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observation scales.
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An admissions office examines the correlation between students' entrance exam scores and their grades after completing one year of college. In this scenario, students' grades would be an example of
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criterion data
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Which of the following scales requires the rater to consider how frequently an employee has been seen to act in a particular way?
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behavioral observation scale
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Which of the following errors occurs if a rater is unusually easy?
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leniency
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Culture affects performance evaluations in all of the following ways except
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Collectivist cultures have lower reliability on performance evaluations.
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If a rater assigns the same rating to an employee on multiple dimensions, _____ error may occur.
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Halo
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Company X is looking to hire individuals to fill 8 positions. So far, 18 people have applied for the job. The selection ratio in this case would be
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.44
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2. A researcher correlates a test score with a performance measure in order to make an inference that people with higher test scores perform better. This is an example of _____ validity.
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criterion-related
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3. When using multiple regression techniques, it is common to try out the resulting equation on a second sample to see if it still fits well. This process is known as
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cross-validation
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4. Which of the following models gathers information about candidates to predict the likelihood of their success on job demands?
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comprehensive staffing
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5. A manager evaluates the test scores of 10 applicants for a customer service position and decides who to hire based only on the test data. This is an example of __________ decision making
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statistical
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6. The percentage of the current workforce that is performing successfully is called the _____.
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base rate
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7. A group of applicants have test scores ranging from 63% to 92%. Based on the range, anyone who scored below 77% did not qualify. The 77% score is called the _____.
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cute score
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8. _______________ referenced cut-scores are established by considering the desired level of performance for a new hire and finding the test score that corresponds to that level.
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Criterion
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9. If an employer is accused of unknowingly discriminating against a group of employees, the accusation would be considered as a case of adverse ___________.
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impact
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10. The relationship between the number of individuals assessed and the number actually hired is called _____.
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selection ratio
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11. All of the following are common validity designs except
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correlation related
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12. _______________ is being used when individuals with similar test scores are grouped together in a category from which selection decisions are made.
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score banding
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13. An individual does poorly on a written section of a test but later performs extremely well on a performance section. If the performance score can supplement for the written test score, it is a _____ system.
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compensatory
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14. If there are ten applicants for one position, the selection ratio would be
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.10
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15. Collectivist cultures prefer staffing techniques and strategies characterized by
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objective measures
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16. _______ referenced cut-scores are based on the average score of the test takers, rather than job performance.
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norm
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17. If an individual was hired into an organization based on his test scores, but did not perform well on the job, this would be an example of a
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false positive
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18. An individual does poorly on a written section of a test but later performs extremely well on a performance section. If the performance score cannot supplement for the written score, it is called a _____ system.
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hurdle
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19. Expert witnesses are
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witnesses who are allowed to voice opinions in a lawsuit.
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20. Which of the following is true concerning the concept of utility as it relates to staffing?
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It addresses the cost/benefit ratio of one staffing strategy over another
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In Kirkpatrick's four-level model, which level measures impressions of the program?
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level 1 (reaction)
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Behavior modification is based on
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reinforcement theory.
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A college student who crams for a test the night before is using
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massed practice.
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Declarative knowledge is an example of a __________ learning outcome.
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cognitive
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_______________________ is concerned with the link between individual training outcomes and the outcomes at higher levels of the organization.
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Vertical Transfer
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A graphic designer for an Internet web design company goes through a six-week training program. Various technical skills for using software applications are acquired. This type of learning outcome is
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skill based
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Objectives are important for training programs because
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they clarify what is to be learned in the training program.
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Which type of orientation emphasizes doing well in training and being evaluated positively?
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performance orientation
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The belief in one's capability to perform a specific task or reach a specific goal is called
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self-efficacy
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Which type of orientation views mistakes as a part of the learning process?
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mastery orientation
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When a task is over-learned and can be performed with limited attention, the result is
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automatically
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Police recruits who participate in target practice in order to refine their shooting skills are performing
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active practice
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Training needs analysis includes all of the following except
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motivational analysis
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According to Skinner, ________ increases the probability that a behavior will be repeated.
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positive reinforcement
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The systematic acquisition of skills, concepts, or attitudes that result in improved performance is called
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training
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Coaching is
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a practical, goal-focused form of personal, one-on-one learning.
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A modification in attitudes or beliefs is an example of a(n) __________ learning outcome.
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learning outcome
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Brandi just started a new training program at work. Two days a week she receives live instruction, and the other three days she receives video instruction. Which term best describes the instructional approach Brandi's work is using?
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blended learning approach
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When training transfers across different levels of an organization, it is referred to as
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Vertical Transfer
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All of the following are features of learning organizations except
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they encourage structure
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The type of training method that allows learners to practice material that they previously had difficulty with is called
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branching programming
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A college student who prepares for a test by studying for 2 hours over the last 4 nights before an exam is using
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Distributed Practice
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A trainee in a financial firm is assigned to follow a manager for a day in order to observe how to handle various situations. This example is based on principles of
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social learning theory
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When sexual compliance is stated as necessary for a person to receive a raise or a promotion, there is evidence for ___________________ harassment.
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Quid Pro Quo
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Training that involves pilots practicing in a flight simulator that mirrors the actual layout of a real airplane cockpit has
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Physical fidelity
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The systematic collection of information that can be used to make effective training decisions is called
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Training Evaluation
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In Kirkpatrick's four-level model, which level provides measures of how well the training can be related to organizational outcomes?
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Level 4 (results)
