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delimited file

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A file where the data fields are separated by some character such as a comma.

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Primary Key

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This key Uniquely identifies each record

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History Section

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This provides a background for the issues and problems that led to the decision to develop a new database.

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Edgar Codd

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Who first defined the principles of a relational database?

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Database

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A collection of related data

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Don't Over anticipate

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A nonprofit wants to talk to you about a database to track donors and potential donors. What is the best tactic to use when preparing for the initial interview?

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SQL

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A language relational databases use to create database objects and to manipulate and retrieve data.

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Foreign Key

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When a primary key is repeated in a second table to make a relationship it is called?

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Animals, Foster Families, Adoptions

answer

A small community organization takes in stray animals. Many of them are given out to foster families who take care of them until they are adopted by someone. They need a database that will track the animals, which foster families have the animals, and the adoption history of each animal. Which of the following best describes the "big themes" or topics of the database?

question

Determine the best time and worst time, and then make your estimate with an edge toward the worst.

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When estimating times for tasks, it is a good practice to?

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Functions of a relational database managment system

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Providing for the creation of databases and database objects Providing for data retrieval and manipulation Providing for backup and security These are all what?

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Relational Design

answer

The process of organizing data into tables and then defining the relationships among them is known as?

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Entity

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Something that the database is concerned with, about which data can be stored.

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Primary key

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A field that uniquely identifies each row in a table.

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Foreing Key

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This key is the primary key repeated in another table to create a link between the tables.

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Relational Database

answer

Type of database that stores data in tables that are related by key columns.

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Relational Design

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Process of organizing data into tables or entities and then determining the relations among them

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Constraints

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Limits on what the database will do.

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Requirement

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Something a database must do to fulfill its purpose is called a?

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Report

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A document that summarizes and displays data is called a?

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Procedure Document

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A document that outlines the approved steps for completing a business process

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Transaction processing System

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A type of database optimized for processing transactions in real time.

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Business Intelligence

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A set of tools for analyzing trend and patterns in business data.

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Anyone who is affected by the database.

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What best describes what is meant by the term stakeholder?

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Things that should be done while work shadowing

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Observing exceptions to established rules and procedures Discovering tasks and activities related to the data that may not have been captured before Observing how data flows through the system.

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Data Warehouse

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A collection of various data sources including documents used for data mining.

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Things that should be done for an interview

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Prepare questions beforehand Have someone other than the interviewer take notes Keep participants on task

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Interview everyone who has a stake in the database.

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When determining who to interview you should?

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data mining

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Using business intelligence techniques on a variety of data sources brought together in a data warehouse.

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Things that should be used in documenting data

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Copies of all forms and reports reviewed Notes from interviews Summaries of questionnaires

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statement of work

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A preliminary document that describes, in general, the work that needs to be done on a project.

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data integrity

answer

the accuracy and correctness of the data in a database

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Surrogate Key

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An artificially generated attribute used as a key

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SELECT

answer

A permission that grants a user the right to view data

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Data Requirement

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A requirement that refers to the attributes that must be stored in the database to fulfill business needs is called a?

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Report Requirement

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A requirement that refers to data that must be present in the database to generate reports is called a?

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INSERT

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A permission that grants the user the right to enter new data

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DELETE

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A permission that grants the user the right to remove rows of data

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Entity

answer

Something a database is concerned about

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Candidate Key

answer

An attribute or combination of attributes that could be used as the primary key for an entity

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Surrogate Key

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This key is always guaranteed to be unqiue

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Surrogate Key

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These keys are arbitrary and not effected by changes in business rules.

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Surrogate Key

answer

An arbitrary, random key with no business meaning

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Composite Key

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A key made up of two or more attributes

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Review them

answer

After you have identified all the requirements and business rules, you should

question

Trigger

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SQL code that executes in response to a database event is called.

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A server

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A program that offers services to other programs

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A server

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A database management system is usually which type of software?

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UPDATE

answer

A permission that grants the user the right to change existing data

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Natural key

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An attribute that naturally belongs to the entity used as key

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Test each database requirement

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When a developer tests a database, he or she should

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Trigger

answer

SQL code that executes in response to a database event is called?

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Lookup

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A term that best describes the State entity

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Logical Design

answer

This database design is independent of any DBMS

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One to one relationship

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Each record in the primary key table is related to zero or one records in the foreign key table.

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one to many relationship

answer

Each record in the primary key table can be related to many records in the foreign key table

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Linking Entity

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An entity used to resolve a many to many relationship into two one to many relationships

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Cardinality

answer

A term for the number of permitted records in a related entity

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Minimum cardinality

answer

Defines the smallest number of permitted records in a related entity

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Lookup

answer

A term for an entity that stores values to help enforce consistency in database entry

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Domain

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Entities that relate directly to the business of the database.

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ERDs

answer

These often communicate better than words

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ERDs

answer

You should always keep a history of these as part of your documentation

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Towards the Primary Key

answer

In the arrow notation for relationships, which way does the head of the arrow point?

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Composite Key

answer

The term for a key that is composed of two or more attributes joined together?

question

Weak

answer

A term for an entity that depends on another entity for its meaning

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Crows Feet Notation

answer

This notation depicts more explicit information about cardinality than arrow notation?

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Crows Feet Notation

answer

This type of notation is more commonly encountered

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Crows Feet Notation

answer

This type of notation is more complex than arrow notation

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Insertion Anomaly

answer

An anomaly in which you cannot enter data because other data is required.

question

Update Anomaly

answer

This anomaly occurs when you must edit the same information in several places.

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First Normal Form

answer

Which normal form is it that removes all repeating groups and arrays?

question

Update Anomaly

answer

Which term describes an anomaly in which you must edit the same data in more than one place?

question

Deletion Anomaly

answer

Which term describes an anomaly in which removing data unintentionally causes the loss of other data.

question

Insertion Anomaly

answer

This anomaly occurs when you cannot enter data because other data is required.

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Normalization

answer

Which term best describes the process of removing anomalies and redundancies from a database?

question

Deletion Anomaly

answer

This anomaly occurs when removing data accidentally causes the loss of other data

question

Functional Dependency

answer

The term that best describes a set of related attributes that form a sub theme in the entity.

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Transient Dependency

answer

This term best describes an attribute that depends on another attribute, no the key for its meaning.

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documenting normalization

answer

All changes in normalized and denormalized design should be documented when

question

back end processing

answer

Processing typically done by the DBMS is?

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1st Normal Form

answer

A table that meets the requirements of a relation is said to be in which normal form?

question

Query Processor

answer

The component of a database management system that a user communicates with to store and retrieve data is the?

question

Entity

answer

The term referring to an item existing in the real world that you want to track?

question

attributes

answer

Two different terms are used to describe the characteristics of interest for an entity. They are properties and?

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The key, the whole key, and nothing but the key

answer

To be in 3rd Normal Form all non-key attributes must depend on?

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referential integrity

answer

A constraint that forces a Foreign Key to always point to a Primary Key, and allows no orphan data?

question

0:Many and 0:5

answer

A library has the following business rule: A person may be a patron and not have any books borrowed and a patron may not have more than five books borrowed at any one time. The cardinality to represent this rule on the patron end would be ________ and on the books borrowed end would be _______________

question

Flexibility and Efficiency

answer

What is the main strength of a relational database?

question

Data Integrity

answer

When you incorporate business rules when defining data, this improves?

question

Recursive

answer

A relationship that indicates that one employee can supervise other employees is called an?

question

n-ary relationship

answer

A relationship that associates data from more than two tables is called a ___________ relationship

question

Minimum, maximum

answer

Each end of a relationship between classes or tables has two values associated with it. the values at one end of the relationship represent the __________ and ________ number of class members at the other end of each class member can be associated with?

question

data independence

answer

The ability to modify the data structure and not have to change the programs using that data is called___________

question

n-ary association

answer

Assume you are creating a database to handle the data associated with instruction at a university. What is the most appropriate special association to model that a course has an assigned instructor, teaching Assistants, a Classroom, meeting time slot, and class roster

question

optional

answer

Specifying a 0 for the lower bound for the association multiplicity on a class diagram indicates the item is what?

question

class/subclass or supertype/subtype

answer

What is the special association that indicates that one object can be broken down into multiple special cases?

question

Primary Key

answer

The attribute or set of attributes that uniquely identifies each row in a table is called the?

question

Foreign Key

answer

An attribute in one table that is used to create an association with another table by matching the primary key of that table is called an?

question

Data Dictionary

answer

The DBMS component that holds a description of each data element in the database is called?

question

relationships

answer

Business Rules are often represented in the database through?

question

limited flexibility in accessing data

answer

What is the main limitation of Hierarchical Database

question

Table

answer

After conceptually designing your database, the information contained in a single class would be stored in a?

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