Chapter 17 Industrial Supremacy – Flashcards
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in the late 19th century, industry in the U.S
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saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth
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Prior to the Civil War, the steel industry in the U.S
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barely developed at all
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The process of making steel developed by Henry Bessemer
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All these are correct
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The open-hearth process of making steel
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made the production of large-dimension pieces possible
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In the U.S, the steel industry first emerged in
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Pennsylvania and Ohio
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The Pennsylvania Steel Company was created by
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the Pennsylvania Railroad
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In the late nineteenth, century, the needs of the American steel industry directly contributed to the further development of all the following EXCEPT
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the automobile industry
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The first significant oil production in the U.S occurred in
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Pennsylvania
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In the 1870's, the "internal combustion engine" was developed in
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Europe
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In 1917, automobile production in the U.S
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saw nearly five million cars on American roads
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Orville and Wilbur Wright's first successful airplane flight in 1903
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took place near Kitty Hawk, NC
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in the 1900, the emergence of research laboratories in American corporations
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led to more diversification in corporate research
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In the early 20th century, a principle goal of "Taylorism" was to
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reorganized industrial production by subduing it into many simple tasks
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One key to Henry Ford's success in the mass production of automobiles was
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the moving assembly line
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in 1929, the base price of a Ford Model T was
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$290
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Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late nineteenth century is FALSE
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it saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations
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During the late 19th century, the growth of large corporations was helped by
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all these are correct
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Who among the following was NOT significantly associated with the steel industry
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James J. Hill
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The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of
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vertical integration
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Who among the following began to develop oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio
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John D. Rockefeller
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The business structure of Standard Oil is a good example of
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vertical and horizontal integration
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The John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late 19th century was
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cutthroat competition
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In the American business community at the end of the 19th century,
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one percent of corporations controlled one-third of all manufacturing
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In the late ninetieth century, most American business millionaires
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began their careers from positions of wealth and privilege
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The theory of Social Darwinism
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was used to justify the social consequences of industrial capitalism
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In the late 19th century, Social Darwinists argued that people who failed economically in the U.S did so because
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they were not fit enough to survive in the market
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In the late 19th century, the first and most important promoter of Social Darwinism was
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Herbert Spencer
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According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in his "The Gospel of Wealth,"
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the rich had great responsibilities to society
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In his books, Horatio Alger
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inspired readers with stories of Americans rising from "rags-to-riches"
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The late 19th century sociologist Lester Frank Ward
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believed that human intelligence, not natural selection, shaped society
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In the late 19th century, Daniel De Leon
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led the Socialist Labor Party in the U.S
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in the late 19th century, the writer Henry George argued in favor of
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a single land tax to replace all other taxes
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Edward Bellamy's 1888 book, Looking Backward
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imagined an ideal future in which all corporations were combined into one great trust
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In the late 19th century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers
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all these are correct
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During the 1870s and 1880s most of the immigrants to the U.S came from
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England, Ireland, and northern Europe
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Until its repeal in 1885, the Labor Contract law
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put many new immigrants in debt to American businessmen
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By 1900, the average yearly income of American workers
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none of these answers are correct
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In 1900, regarding work conditions in American factories
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laborers could expect to work at least ten hours a day, six days a week
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During the late 19th century, child labor in the U.S
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increased significantly
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The Molly Maguires were a militant
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labor union in the coal industry
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The great railroad strike of 1877
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was launched in response to a wage cut
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The Kights of Labor
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began as a secret fraternal organization
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At its height in 1886, the Knights of Labor were led by
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Terence V. Powderly
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Samuel Gompers was the leader of the
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American Federation of Labor
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The Haymarket Square riot of 1886
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resulted in the conviction and execution of several anarchists
