World History Unit 5 – Flashcards

Relating to a grand, ornate style that characterized European painting, music, and architecture in the 1600s and early 1700s

Prussian landowning nobility

Persons of mixed European and African ancestry

A member of a loosely organized fighting force that makes surprise attacks on enemy troops occupying his or her country

Sudden overthrow of gov’t leaders by a small group

Legal principle that requires aurthorities to show reasons why a person should be held in custody and to provide a speedy trial

A king or queen who has unlimited power and seeks to control all aspects of society

The idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth and are therefore answerable only to God.

A landowning noble of Russia

A system of governing in which the ruler’s power is limited by law

A major change in European thought, starting in the mid-1500s, in which the study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs

A logical procedure for gathering information about the natural world, in which experimentation and observation are used to test hypotheses

An 18th century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society

The agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating and organized society or government

One of a group of social thinkers in France during the Enlightenment

One of the 18th century European monarchs who was inspired by Enlightenment ideas to rule justly and respect the rights of subjects

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and a number of indiviual states

One of three distinct social classesin France during the 1700’s; clergy, nobility, and commoners (the third estate)

An assembly of representatives from all three of the estates, or social classes, in France

A French congress established by representatives of the third Estate on June 17, 1789, to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people

A direct vote in which a country’s people have the opportunity to approve or reject a proposal

A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon

The use of troops or ships to prevent commerical traffic from entering or leaving a city or region

A political situation in which on one nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others

In Spanish colonial society, coloists who were born in Spain

In Spanish colonial society, a colonist who was born in Latin America to Spanish parents

In the first half of the 19th Century, a European – usually a wealthy landowner or noble – who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies of Europe.

In the first half of the 19th century, a European – usually a middle-class busuness leader or merchant – who wanted to give more political pwer to elected parliaments

In the first half of the 19th century, a European who favored drastic change extend democracy to all people

An independent geopolitical unit of people having a common culture and identity

The process of forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in the Russian empire

A German emperor

A 19th century artistic movement in whoch writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be

A movement in 19th century painting, in which artists racted against realism by seeking to convery their impressions of subjects or moments in time

Artistic movement of the early 1800s emphasizing individuality and emotion