Analyze the US History Unit 4 Essay – Flashcards
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steerage
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a large open area beneath a ship's deck
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ethnic
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having a common racial, national, or cultural tradition
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exclusion
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the act of keeping a person or group out
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what attracted immigrants to the United States
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the United States was not overpopulated and had religious freedom, jobs, and food
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how did the first wave of immigrants differ from the second wave
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most immigrants in the first wave were Protestant, and many had some education and experience living under a representative government. The second wave included people of many different religions. Many were poor and could not read or write. Their religion custom and languages made them stand out from Americans
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why did many Americans oppose immigration
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because they didn't blend in and they didn't look like Americans
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how did natives in the West show their opposition to Chinese immigration
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by having violated anti-Chinese riots and passing the exclusion act
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what were the reasons for Latin American immigration to the United States in the late 1800s
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they wanted to escape from the fighting and disorder
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Ellis Island
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where most European immigrants checked into the United States
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Emma Lazarus
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wrote the poem on the bottom of the statute of liberty
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immigration restriction league
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a native group that demanded a literacy test to separate the desirable and undesirable immigrants
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Angel Island
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Asian immigrants typically checked into the United States here
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tenement
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a rundown apartment building
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sweatshop
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an unhealthy workplace where people are overworked
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racism
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feeling against people because of their ethnic background or skin color
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why were some areas in cities unhealthy
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they were overcrowded, dark, dirty and had no running water and it all lead to disease
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how did settlement houses improve life for people in cities
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they offered hot meals, citizenship, and nursery, classes in English
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what type of corruption existed in many city governments
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bribery. Bribing people to vote. Business owners would bribe people to vote for officials who were not the best qualified and exchange they would get a job
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how did Congress respond to corruption in business
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by passing the Pendleton civil service act
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how did Plessy versus Ferguson affect the rights of African-Americans
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it didn't help them because the Supreme Court said blacks and whites can be separate as long as they are in an equal quality place which didn't happen
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what was the effect of the Chinese exclusion act of 1882
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to no longer allowed Chinese immigrants into the United States
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triangle shirtwaist factory
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fire here killed 146 people in 1911
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Jane Addams
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founded the Hull house which provided services for the poor people of the neighborhood
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
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a "captain of industry" who got rich by investing in railroads
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boss William Marcy Tweed
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a famous corrupt New York City leader. He controlled elections and illegally padded city bills
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Homer Plessy
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an African-American who was arrested for attempting to sit in a railroad car that was designated for whites
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muckraker
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a writer who brings attention to problems in society
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progressive
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a person who believes in social progress through reform
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prohibition
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the band on the making and sale of alcoholic drinks
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direct primary
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an election in which members of a political party vote to choose their candidates
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suffrage
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the right to vote
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how did the muckrakers bring about social reform
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by printing all of the issues of the government and US
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what was the goal of the WCTU
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to stop the use of alcohol
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what improvements were made in local and state government
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in cities they had limited political power and introduced commissions. In state government they set up commissions, past the progress of laws, Limited work hours and past workers compensation laws
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what were African Americans and women fighting for
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equality
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trust
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a giant corporation made up of a group of companies
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conservation
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protection of natural resources
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how did President Roosevelt show his support for progressive movement
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Department of commerce, Sherman antitrust, meat inspection act
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what was Theodore Roosevelt vision of government
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government should be active in making people's lives better - "square deal"
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why did Roosevelt want to defeat Taft in the election of 1912
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because he was unhappy with Taft's progress
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what reforms were made during President Wilson's administration
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19th amendment - women were allowed to vote; Underwood Simmons tariff act - lower tariffs; Federal Reserve act - government supervises banks; Clayton antitrust act - outlawed unfair trade practices
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why was the Federal Reserve act important
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because it gave the government control over banks
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Lincoln Steffens
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a muckraker who found corruption in city governments
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Jacob Riis
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they muckraker who photographed tenements and factories in New York City
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Upton Sinclair
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wrote "The jungle" which described unclean conditions in factories that processed meat
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Galveston Texas
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was the first to use the commission after it was practically destroyed by hurricane in 1900
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WEB DuBois
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helped found the NAACP
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Theodore Roosevelt
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set aside nearly 200 million acres of land for conservation as president
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William Taft
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Roosevelt Secretary of War who became president in 1909
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Woodrow Wilson
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the Democratic nominee who won the presidential election of 1912
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Louis D Brandeis
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the first Jewish person to serve as a Supreme Court justice
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imperialism
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the practice of one nation controlling other nations through conquest and colonization
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isolationism
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the policy of staying out of the political affairs of other countries
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sphere of influence
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a region in which one nation has influence or control over other nations
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why do Americans begin looking outward during the late 1800s
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they could sell the products abroad and expand their empire and their culture on people day trader with
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in what ways did the United States began to expand
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by purchasing Alaska, chatting with Japan, and gaining control of Hawaii
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what role did business owners play in the annexation of Hawaii
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the business owners purchased land in Hawaii to grow sugarcane. The Queen felt that Hawaii was for the Hawaiians. the business owners revolted against the Queen and then the US military was called to help and that made the Queen surrender
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what was the open door policy in China
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allowed any country to trade in China
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Matthew Perry
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under the president's command, he arrived in Japan demanding that they open trade relations with the US
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William H Seward
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bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million
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Alfred Thayer Mahan
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the admiral who wrote "influence of Sea power upon history"
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Queen Liliuokalani
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American business owners revolted against her, which resulted in the annexation of Hawaii
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John M Hay
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the Secretary of State who asked for an open door policy with China
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most poor immigrants lived in places called tenements
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the goal of the WCTU was to make literary tests for immigrants mandatory
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the first wave of immigrants was from Western Europe
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Wisconsin was the first state to require a direct primary for an election
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Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to set aside land for conservation
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18th amendment prohibited the sale of alcohol
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interstate commerce act
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regulation of railroads
